Engineering Motion: Crafting a Smart Path-Finding Robot Using Arduino

1#define LEFT_SENSOR 11
2#define RIGHT_SENSOR 12
3#define MOTOR_LEFT_FORWARD 5
4#define MOTOR_LEFT_BACKWARD 6
5#define MOTOR_RIGHT_FORWARD 9
6#define MOTOR_RIGHT_BACKWARD 10
7
8void setup() {
9  pinMode(LEFT_SENSOR, INPUT);
10  pinMode(RIGHT_SENSOR, INPUT);
11  pinMode(MOTOR_LEFT_FORWARD, OUTPUT);
12  pinMode(MOTOR_LEFT_BACKWARD, OUTPUT);
13  pinMode(MOTOR_RIGHT_FORWARD, OUTPUT);
14  pinMode(MOTOR_RIGHT_BACKWARD, OUTPUT);
15}
16
17void loop() {
18  int leftState = digitalRead(LEFT_SENSOR);
19  int rightState = digitalRead(RIGHT_SENSOR);
20
21  if (leftState == LOW && rightState == LOW) {
22    moveForward();
23  } else if (leftState == HIGH && rightState == LOW) {
24    turnRight();
25  } else if (leftState == LOW && rightState == HIGH) {
26    turnLeft();
27  } else {
28    stopMotors();
29  }
30}
31
32void moveForward() {
33  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_FORWARD, HIGH);
34  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_BACKWARD, LOW);
35  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_FORWARD, HIGH);
36  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_BACKWARD, LOW);
37}
38
39void turnRight() {
40  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_FORWARD, HIGH);
41  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_BACKWARD, LOW);
42  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_FORWARD, LOW);
43  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_BACKWARD, HIGH);
44}
45
46void turnLeft() {
47  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_FORWARD, LOW);
48  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_BACKWARD, HIGH);
49  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_FORWARD, HIGH);
50  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_BACKWARD, LOW);
51}
52
53void stopMotors() {
54  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_FORWARD, LOW);
55  digitalWrite(MOTOR_LEFT_BACKWARD, LOW);
56  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_FORWARD, LOW);
57  digitalWrite(MOTOR_RIGHT_BACKWARD, LOW);
58}