Big Characters Weather Clock (int/ext temp, hum, press)

A weather clock with RTC DS3231, 2 x weather sensor BME280, 20x4 LCD and brightness auto-adjust.

Feb 12, 2021

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weather

clocks

Components and supplies

Arduino Nano R3

Gravity: I2C BME280 Environmental Sensor

Alphanumeric LCD, 20 x 4

Photo resistor

Rotary Encoder with Push-Button

High Accuracy Pi RTC (DS3231)

Apps and platforms

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

Big Font Weather Clock

arduino

20x4 LCD Big Font Clock, interior/exterior weather information

1/*
2 * Racov feb.2021
3 -- 20x4 LCD (paralel) display 
4 -- clock  with big numbers and I2C-DS3231 Real Time clock
5 -- temperature and hunidity  interior/exterior with I2C-BMP280
6 -- rotary encoder for TIME set
7 
8 The  circuit:
9 * LCD RS     - D12
10 * LCD Enable - D11
11 * LCD D4     - D8
12  * LCD D5     - D7
13 * LCD D6     - D6
14 * LCD D7     - D5
15 * LCD R/W    -  GND
16 * LED A      - D9
17 * 10K resistor-ends to +5V and GND
18 * wiper to  LCD VO(pin 3)
19
20 Encoder:
21 * A        - D2
22 * B        - D3
23 * Push1    - D4
24 * Push2, C - GND
25 
26 racov.ro
27
28*/
29
30// include the  library code:
31#include <LiquidCrystal.h>      //LCD
32#include <Wire.h>
33#include  <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
34#include <Adafruit_BME280.h>    //BME280 temp-hum-pres sensor,
35#include  <RTClib.h>             //DS3231 Real Time Clock
36RTC_DS3231 rtc;                 //declare  RTC                
37Adafruit_BME280 bme1;           //declare BME interior
38Adafruit_BME280  bme2;           //declare BME exterior
39
40// initialize the library by associating  any needed LCD interface pin
41// with the arduino pin number it is connected to
42const  int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 8, d5 = 7, d6 = 6, d7 = 5, LED = 9;
43LiquidCrystal  lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
44
45// usually the rotary encoders three pins have  the ground pin in the middle
46int encoderPinA = 2;  // encoder right
47int encoderPinB  = 3;  // encoder left
48int clearButton = 4;  // encoder push
49
50// variables  for automatic brightness
51int light;
52
53// interior environment variables
54int  intemp = 0;
55int inhum = 0;
56int pres = 0;
57// exterior environment variables
58int  hum = 0;
59int temp = 0;
60
61int h,m,s,yr,mt,dt,dy,olds;   // hous, minutes,  seconds, year, month, date of the month, day, previous second
62char *DOW[]={"MAR","MIE","JOI","VIN","SAM","DUM","LUN"};  //define day of the week
63char *MTH[]={"ian","feb","mar","apr","mai","iun","iul","aug","sep","oct","nov","dec"};  //define month
64int EncoderMax;   // varialbe for h, m, s, ... max value
65
66int  encoderPos = 0;  		    // a counter for the dial
67unsigned int lastReportedPos  = 1;   // change management
68static boolean rotating = false;    // debounce management
69
70//  interrupt service routine vars
71boolean A_set = false;
72boolean B_set = false;
73
74//  varialbe to know if we are in time setting mode
75boolean set_h = false;     //hours
76boolean  set_m = false;     //minutes
77boolean set_s = false;     //seconds
78boolean  set_yr = false;    //year
79boolean set_mt = false;    //month
80boolean set_dt  = false;    //date of the month
81
82boolean intbme = true;
83boolean extbme  = true;
84/////////////////////////////////////////////////////
85
86void setup()  {
87 Serial.begin(9600);
88 // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
89  lcd.begin(20, 4);
90  lcd.clear();
91 // set up the encoder
92 pinMode(encoderPinA,  INPUT);
93 pinMode(encoderPinB, INPUT);
94 pinMode(clearButton, INPUT);
95 //  encoder pin on interrupt 0 (pin 2)
96 attachInterrupt(0, doEncoderA, CHANGE);
97  // encoder pin on interrupt 1 (pin 3)
98 attachInterrupt(1, doEncoderB, CHANGE);
99
100  // *******DEFINE CUSTOM CHARACTERS FOR BIG FONT*****************
101  byte A[8]  =
102  {
103  B00011,
104  B00111,
105  B01111,
106  B01111,
107  B01111,
108  B01111,
109  B01111,
110  B01111
111  };
112  byte B[8] =
113  {
114  B11111,
115  B11111,
116  B00000,
117  B00000,
118  B00000,
119  B00000,
120  B00000,
121  B11111
122  };
123  byte C[8] =
124  {
125  B11000,
126  B11100,
127  B11110,
128  B11110,
129  B11110,
130  B11110,
131  B11110,
132  B11110
133  };
134  byte D[8] =
135  {
136  B01111,
137  B01111,
138  B01111,
139  B01111,
140  B01111,
141  B01111,
142  B00111,
143  B00011
144  };
145  byte E[8] =
146  {
147  B11111,
148  B00000,
149  B00000,
150  B00000,
151  B00000,
152  B00000,
153  B11111,
154  B11111
155  };
156  byte F[8] =
157  {
158  B11110,
159  B11110,
160  B11110,
161  B11110,
162  B11110,
163  B11110,
164  B11100,
165  B11000
166  };
167  byte G[8] =
168  {
169  B11111,
170  B11111,
171  B11111,
172  B00000,
173  B00000,
174  B00000,
175  B00000,
176  B00000
177  };
178  byte H[8]  =
179  {
180  B00000,
181  B00000,
182  B00000,
183  B00000,
184  B00000,
185  B11111,
186  B11111,
187  B11111
188  };
189  
190  lcd.createChar(8,A);
191  lcd.createChar(6,B);
192  lcd.createChar(2,C);
193  lcd.createChar(3,D);
194  lcd.createChar(7,E);
195  lcd.createChar(5,F);
196  lcd.createChar(1,G);
197  lcd.createChar(4,H);
198 
199  // Print a message to  the LCD.
200  // lcd.setCursor(col, row);
201  // lcd.print("text");
202  lcd.setCursor(6,  0);
203  lcd.print("WEATHER");
204  lcd.setCursor(7, 1);
205  lcd.print("CLOCK");
206  lcd.setCursor(5, 2);
207  lcd.print("**RACOV**");
208  lcd.setCursor(6, 3);
209  lcd.print("Feb.2021");
210  // slowly increase display backlighting brightness  
211  for (int i = 0; i <= 4; i++) {
212    analogWrite(LED, (i*50));
213    delay(500);
214    }
215  delay(1000);
216  
217  // initializing the modules
218  analogWrite(LED,  50);
219  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
220  lcd.print("CHECKING MODULES....");
221  delay(100);
222  
223  analogWrite(LED, 100);
224  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
225  lcd.print("1.REAL  CLOCK......OK");
226  if (! rtc.begin()) {
227    lcd.setCursor(16, 1);
228    lcd.print("FAIL");
229    delay(5000);
230  }
231  delay(500);
232  
233  analogWrite(LED, 150);
234  lcd.setCursor(0,  2);
235  lcd.print("2.INSIDE TEMP.....OK");
236  if (!bme1.begin(0x76)) {
237    lcd.setCursor(16, 2);
238    lcd.print("FAIL");
239    intbme = false;
240  }
241  delay(500);
242  
243  analogWrite(LED, 200);
244  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
245  lcd.print("3.OUTSIDE TEMP....OK");
246  if (!bme2.begin(0x77)) {
247    lcd.setCursor(16,  3);
248    lcd.print("FAIL");
249    extbme = false;
250  }
251  delay(2000);
252  
253  // print all the fix text - never changes
254  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
255  lcd.print(" __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  //  char(165) is big point symbol
256  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
257  lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
258  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
259  lcd.print("LUN-01-ian  [--"+String(char(223))+" --%]");  // char(223) is degree symbol
260  lcd.setCursor(0,  3);
261  lcd.print("  ----hPa   --"+String(char(223))+" --% ");
262
263// set  a particular date and time if you want (yyyy,mm,dd,hh,mm,ss)
264//   rtc.adjust(DateTime(2021,  2, 16, 11, 00, 00));
265  
266// read all time and date and display
267  DateTime  now = rtc.now();
268  h  = now.hour();
269  m  = now.minute();
270  s  = now.second();
271  yr = now.year();
272  mt = now.month();
273  dt = now.day();
274  dy = now.dayOfTheWeek();
275  olds = s;
276
277// fill the display with all the data
278  printbig((h%10),3);
279  printbig((h/10),0);
280  printbig((m%10),10);
281  printbig((m/10),7);
282  printbig((s%10),17);
283  printbig((s/10),14);
284
285  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
286  lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
287  lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
288  lcd.print(dt/10);
289  lcd.print(dt%10);
290  lcd.setCursor(7,  2);
291  lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
292
293}
294
295void loop() {
296  DateTime now = rtc.now();
297  s  = now.second();                        // read seconds
298  if (olds != s)  {                          // if seconds changed
299/*    Serial.println(dy);
300    Serial.println(mt);
301    Serial.println(dt);
302    Serial.println(yr); */
303      printbig((s%10),17);                  // display seconds
304      printbig((s/10),14);
305      olds = s;
306      timeset();              		    // verify if user wants  to set time
307      if ( s == 0 ) {                       // minutes change
308          m  = now.minute();                // read minutes
309          printbig((m%10),10);              // display minutes
310          printbig((m/10),7);
311          if  (m == 0) {                     // hours change
312            h  = now.hour();                //  read hours
313            printbig((h%10),3);             // dislay hours
314            printbig((h/10),0);
315            if (h == 0) {                   // day change
316              dt =  now.day();               // read day
317              dy = now.dayOfTheWeek();
318              mt = now.month();             // read month
319              yr =  now.year();              // read year
320              lcd.setCursor(0, 2);          //  display date full
321              lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
322              lcd.setCursor(4,  2);
323              lcd.print(dt/10);
324              lcd.print(dt%10);
325              lcd.setCursor(7,  2);
326              lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
327          }
328      }
329    }
330        // set screen brightness
331        light = (analogRead(A6));
332        analogWrite(LED,  2+(light/4.2));
333                
334        // interior temperature/humidity/pression
335        if (intbme){
336          intemp = round(bme1.readTemperature() - 1);
337          inhum = round(bme1.readHumidity());
338          pres = round(bme1.readPressure()  / 100.0F);
339          lcd.setCursor(11,2);
340        if (intemp>=0) {
341          lcd.print("[");
342          if (intemp<10) {lcd.print(" ");}
343          }
344          else {
345            if (intemp>(-10)) {lcd.print("[");}
346          }
347        lcd.print(intemp);
348        lcd.setCursor(15,2);
349        if (inhum<100) {lcd.print(" ");}
350        lcd.print(inhum);
351        lcd.setCursor(2,3);
352        if (pres < 1000) {lcd.print(" ");
353          if  (pres < 100) {lcd.print("  ");}
354          }
355        lcd.print(pres);
356        }
357      // exterior temperature/humidity
358        if (extbme){
359            temp = round(bme2.readTemperature());
360            lcd.setCursor(11,3);
361          if (temp>=0) {
362          lcd.print(" ");
363          if (temp<10)  {lcd.print(" ");}
364          }
365          else {
366            if (temp>(-10))  {lcd.print(" ");}
367            }
368         lcd.print(temp);
369        hum  = round(bme2.readHumidity());
370        lcd.setCursor(15,3);
371              if  (hum<100) {lcd.print(" ");}
372              if (hum<10) {lcd.print(" ");}
373              lcd.print(hum);
374        }
375    // do other things every second
376  }
377  delay (100);
378}
379
380void timeset() 
381{
382  // set year
383   if  (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {
384    delay (10);
385    analogWrite(LED,  150);             
386    if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {  // debounce  switch set year
387      set_yr = true;                             // set year
388      set_mt = false;
389      set_dt = false;
390      set_h = false;
391      set_m  = false;
392      set_s = false;
393      encoderPos = yr;
394  // blanks the time  munbers
395        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
396        lcd.print(" __ __"+String(char(165))+"  __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big point symbol
397        lcd.setCursor(0,  1);
398        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
399        lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
400        lcd.print("Year: ");
401      delay (500);
402      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
403        yr  = encoderPos;
404        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
405        lcd.print(yr);
406        rotating  = true;  // reset the debouncer
407        if (lastReportedPos != encoderPos) {
408          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
409        }
410        delay (100);                              //  debounce again
411      }
412    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr, mt, dt, h, m, s));    //write  the RTC memory (YYYY, M, D, H, M, s)
413    analogWrite(LED, 0);                          //  blink screen
414    delay(200);
415    analogWrite(LED, 150);
416    }
417   }
418
419  // set month
420   if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {
421    delay (10);                               
422    if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set month
423      set_yr = false;                             //  set month
424      set_mt = true;
425      set_dt = false;
426      set_h = false;
427      set_m = false;
428      set_s = false;
429      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
430      lcd.print("___-__-___");
431      encoderPos = mt;
432      delay (500);
433      while (digitalRead(clearButton)  == HIGH ) {
434        mt = encoderPos;
435        lcd.setCursor(7, 2);
436        lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
437        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
438        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
439          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
440        }
441        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
442      }
443    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
444    analogWrite(LED, 0);
445    delay(200);
446    analogWrite(LED,  150);
447    }
448   }
449
450   // set day of month
451   if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {
452    delay (10);                               
453    if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set day of month
454      set_yr = false;                             //  set day of month
455      set_mt = false;
456      set_dt = true;
457      set_h  = false;
458      set_m = false;
459      set_s = false;
460      encoderPos = dt;        
461      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
462      lcd.print("___-__-___");
463      delay  (500);
464      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
465        dt = encoderPos+1;
466        lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
467        lcd.print(dt/10);
468        lcd.print(dt%10);
469        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
470        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
471          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
472        }
473        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
474      }
475    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
476    analogWrite(LED, 0);
477    delay(200);
478    // fill  the date
479    analogWrite(LED, 150);
480    lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
481    lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
482    lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
483    lcd.print(dt/10);
484    lcd.print(dt%10);
485    lcd.setCursor(7,  2);
486    lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
487    }
488   }
489   
490  // set hours
491  if  (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {
492    delay (10);                               
493    if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set hours
494      set_h  = true;                             // set hours
495      set_m = false;
496      set_s  = false;
497      encoderPos = h;
498      delay (500);
499      while (digitalRead(clearButton)  == HIGH ) {
500        h = encoderPos;
501        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
502        lcd.print("  __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big  point symbol
503        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
504        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
505         printbig((h/10),0);
506         printbig((h%10),3);
507        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
508        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
509          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
510        }
511        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
512      }
513    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
514    analogWrite(LED, 0);
515    delay(200);
516    analogWrite(LED,  150);
517    }
518  }
519
520  // set minutes
521  if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {
522    delay (10);                               
523    if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set minutes
524      set_h = false;                             //  set minutes
525      set_m = true;
526      set_s = false;
527      encoderPos =  m;
528      delay (500);
529      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
530        m = encoderPos;
531        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
532        lcd.print("  __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big  point symbol
533        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
534        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
535        printbig(m/10,7);
536        printbig(m%10,10);
537        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
538        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
539          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
540        }
541        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
542      }
543    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
544    analogWrite(LED, 0);
545    delay(200);
546    analogWrite(LED,  150);
547    }
548  }
549  
550  // set seconds
551  if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {
552    delay (10);                               
553    if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set seconds
554      set_h = false;                             //  set seconds
555      set_m = false;
556      set_s = true;
557      encoderPos =  s;
558      delay (500);
559      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
560        s = encoderPos;
561        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
562        lcd.print("  __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big  point symbol
563        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
564        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
565        printbig(s/10,14);
566        printbig(s%10,17);
567        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
568        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
569          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
570        }
571        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
572      }
573    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
574    analogWrite(LED, 0);
575    delay(200);
576    analogWrite(LED,  150);
577    }
578  }
579  
580  //fill in the clock numbers
581  printbig((h%10),3);
582  printbig((h/10),0);
583  printbig((m%10),10);
584  printbig((m/10),7);
585  printbig((s%10),17);
586  printbig((s/10),14);
587
588  // fill in the date
589  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
590  lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
591  lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
592  lcd.print(dt/10);
593  lcd.print(dt%10);
594  lcd.setCursor(7, 2);
595  lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
596
597  DateTime now = rtc.now();   // read again the time
598}
599
600// Interrupt on A changing state
601void doEncoderA()  {
602  // debounce
603  if (set_h) EncoderMax = 24;
604    else if (set_m) EncoderMax  = 60;
605    else if (set_s) EncoderMax = 60;
606    else if (set_yr) EncoderMax  = 3000;
607    else if (set_mt) EncoderMax = 12;
608    else if (set_dt) EncoderMax  = 31;
609  if ( rotating ) delay (1);  // wait a little until the bouncing is done
610  // Test transition, did things really change?
611  if ( digitalRead(encoderPinA)  != A_set ) { // debounce once more
612    A_set = !A_set;
613    // adjust counter  + if A leads B
614    if ( A_set && !B_set )
615      encoderPos += 1;
616      encoderPos  = (EncoderMax+encoderPos) % EncoderMax;
617    rotating = false;  // no more debouncing  until loop() hits again
618  }
619}
620
621// Interrupt on B changing state, same  as A above
622void doEncoderB() {
623  if (set_h) EncoderMax = 24;
624    else if  (set_m) EncoderMax = 60;
625    else if (set_s) EncoderMax = 60;
626    else if  (set_yr) EncoderMax = 3000;
627    else if (set_mt) EncoderMax = 12;
628    else  if (set_dt) EncoderMax = 31;
629  if ( rotating ) delay (1);
630  if ( digitalRead(encoderPinB)  != B_set ) {
631    B_set = !B_set;
632    //  adjust counter - 1 if B leads A
633    if ( B_set && !A_set )
634      encoderPos -= 1;
635      encoderPos = (EncoderMax+encoderPos)  % EncoderMax;
636    rotating = false;
637  }
638}
639
640
641void printbig(int  i, int x)
642{
643  //  prints each segment of the big numbers
644
645  if (i ==  0) {
646      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
647      lcd.write(8);  
648      lcd.write(1);  
649      lcd.write(2);
650      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
651      lcd.write(3);  
652      lcd.write(4);  
653      lcd.write(5);
654  }
655    else if  (i == 1) {
656      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
657      lcd.write(8);
658      lcd.write(255);
659      lcd.print("  ");
660      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
661      lcd.print(" ");
662      lcd.write(255);
663      lcd.print(" ");
664    }
665
666    else if  (i == 2) {
667      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
668      lcd.write(1);
669      lcd.write(6);
670      lcd.write(2);
671      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
672      lcd.write(3);
673      lcd.write(7);
674      lcd.write(4);
675    }
676
677    else if (i == 3) {
678      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
679      lcd.write(1);
680      lcd.write(6);
681      lcd.write(2);
682      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
683      lcd.write(4);
684      lcd.write(7);
685      lcd.write(5); 
686    }
687
688    else if (i == 4) {
689      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
690      lcd.write(3);
691      lcd.write(4);
692      lcd.write(2);
693      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
694      lcd.print("  ");
695      lcd.write(5);
696    }
697
698    else  if (i == 5) {
699      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
700      lcd.write(255);
701      lcd.write(6);
702      lcd.write(1);
703      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
704      lcd.write(7);
705      lcd.write(7);
706      lcd.write(5);
707    }
708
709    else if (i == 6) {
710      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
711      lcd.write(8);
712      lcd.write(6);
713      lcd.print(" ");
714      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
715      lcd.write(3);
716      lcd.write(7);
717      lcd.write(5);
718    }
719
720    else if (i == 7) {
721      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
722      lcd.write(1);
723      lcd.write(1);
724      lcd.write(5);
725      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
726      lcd.print(" ");
727      lcd.write(8);
728      lcd.print(" ");
729    }
730    
731    else if (i  == 8) {
732      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
733      lcd.write(8);
734      lcd.write(6);
735      lcd.write(2);
736      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
737      lcd.write(3);
738      lcd.write(7);
739      lcd.write(5);
740    }
741
742    else if (i == 9) {
743      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
744      lcd.write(8);
745      lcd.write(6);
746      lcd.write(2);
747      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
748      lcd.print(" ");
749      lcd.write(4);
750      lcd.write(5);
751    }
752
753  }

/*
 * Racov feb.2021
 -- 20x4 LCD (paralel) display 
 -- clock  with big numbers and I2C-DS3231 Real Time clock
 -- temperature and hunidity  interior/exterior with I2C-BMP280
 -- rotary encoder for TIME set
 
 The  circuit:
 * LCD RS     - D12
 * LCD Enable - D11
 * LCD D4     - D8
  * LCD D5     - D7
 * LCD D6     - D6
 * LCD D7     - D5
 * LCD R/W    -  GND
 * LED A      - D9
 * 10K resistor-ends to +5V and GND
 * wiper to  LCD VO(pin 3)

 Encoder:
 * A        - D2
 * B        - D3
 * Push1    - D4
 * Push2, C - GND
 
 racov.ro

*/

// include the  library code:
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>      //LCD
#include <Wire.h>
#include  <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <Adafruit_BME280.h>    //BME280 temp-hum-pres sensor,
#include  <RTClib.h>             //DS3231 Real Time Clock
RTC_DS3231 rtc;                 //declare  RTC                
Adafruit_BME280 bme1;           //declare BME interior
Adafruit_BME280  bme2;           //declare BME exterior

// initialize the library by associating  any needed LCD interface pin
// with the arduino pin number it is connected to
const  int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 8, d5 = 7, d6 = 6, d7 = 5, LED = 9;
LiquidCrystal  lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);

// usually the rotary encoders three pins have  the ground pin in the middle
int encoderPinA = 2;  // encoder right
int encoderPinB  = 3;  // encoder left
int clearButton = 4;  // encoder push

// variables  for automatic brightness
int light;

// interior environment variables
int  intemp = 0;
int inhum = 0;
int pres = 0;
// exterior environment variables
int  hum = 0;
int temp = 0;

int h,m,s,yr,mt,dt,dy,olds;   // hous, minutes,  seconds, year, month, date of the month, day, previous second
char *DOW[]={"MAR","MIE","JOI","VIN","SAM","DUM","LUN"};  //define day of the week
char *MTH[]={"ian","feb","mar","apr","mai","iun","iul","aug","sep","oct","nov","dec"};  //define month
int EncoderMax;   // varialbe for h, m, s, ... max value

int  encoderPos = 0;  		    // a counter for the dial
unsigned int lastReportedPos  = 1;   // change management
static boolean rotating = false;    // debounce management

//  interrupt service routine vars
boolean A_set = false;
boolean B_set = false;

//  varialbe to know if we are in time setting mode
boolean set_h = false;     //hours
boolean  set_m = false;     //minutes
boolean set_s = false;     //seconds
boolean  set_yr = false;    //year
boolean set_mt = false;    //month
boolean set_dt  = false;    //date of the month

boolean intbme = true;
boolean extbme  = true;
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void setup()  {
 Serial.begin(9600);
 // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  lcd.begin(20, 4);
  lcd.clear();
 // set up the encoder
 pinMode(encoderPinA,  INPUT);
 pinMode(encoderPinB, INPUT);
 pinMode(clearButton, INPUT);
 //  encoder pin on interrupt 0 (pin 2)
 attachInterrupt(0, doEncoderA, CHANGE);
  // encoder pin on interrupt 1 (pin 3)
 attachInterrupt(1, doEncoderB, CHANGE);

  // *******DEFINE CUSTOM CHARACTERS FOR BIG FONT*****************
  byte A[8]  =
  {
  B00011,
  B00111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111
  };
  byte B[8] =
  {
  B11111,
  B11111,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B11111
  };
  byte C[8] =
  {
  B11000,
  B11100,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110
  };
  byte D[8] =
  {
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B01111,
  B00111,
  B00011
  };
  byte E[8] =
  {
  B11111,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B11111,
  B11111
  };
  byte F[8] =
  {
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11110,
  B11100,
  B11000
  };
  byte G[8] =
  {
  B11111,
  B11111,
  B11111,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000
  };
  byte H[8]  =
  {
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B00000,
  B11111,
  B11111,
  B11111
  };
  
  lcd.createChar(8,A);
  lcd.createChar(6,B);
  lcd.createChar(2,C);
  lcd.createChar(3,D);
  lcd.createChar(7,E);
  lcd.createChar(5,F);
  lcd.createChar(1,G);
  lcd.createChar(4,H);
 
  // Print a message to  the LCD.
  // lcd.setCursor(col, row);
  // lcd.print("text");
  lcd.setCursor(6,  0);
  lcd.print("WEATHER");
  lcd.setCursor(7, 1);
  lcd.print("CLOCK");
  lcd.setCursor(5, 2);
  lcd.print("**RACOV**");
  lcd.setCursor(6, 3);
  lcd.print("Feb.2021");
  // slowly increase display backlighting brightness  
  for (int i = 0; i <= 4; i++) {
    analogWrite(LED, (i*50));
    delay(500);
    }
  delay(1000);
  
  // initializing the modules
  analogWrite(LED,  50);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("CHECKING MODULES....");
  delay(100);
  
  analogWrite(LED, 100);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("1.REAL  CLOCK......OK");
  if (! rtc.begin()) {
    lcd.setCursor(16, 1);
    lcd.print("FAIL");
    delay(5000);
  }
  delay(500);
  
  analogWrite(LED, 150);
  lcd.setCursor(0,  2);
  lcd.print("2.INSIDE TEMP.....OK");
  if (!bme1.begin(0x76)) {
    lcd.setCursor(16, 2);
    lcd.print("FAIL");
    intbme = false;
  }
  delay(500);
  
  analogWrite(LED, 200);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
  lcd.print("3.OUTSIDE TEMP....OK");
  if (!bme2.begin(0x77)) {
    lcd.setCursor(16,  3);
    lcd.print("FAIL");
    extbme = false;
  }
  delay(2000);
  
  // print all the fix text - never changes
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(" __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  //  char(165) is big point symbol
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print("LUN-01-ian  [--"+String(char(223))+" --%]");  // char(223) is degree symbol
  lcd.setCursor(0,  3);
  lcd.print("  ----hPa   --"+String(char(223))+" --% ");

// set  a particular date and time if you want (yyyy,mm,dd,hh,mm,ss)
//   rtc.adjust(DateTime(2021,  2, 16, 11, 00, 00));
  
// read all time and date and display
  DateTime  now = rtc.now();
  h  = now.hour();
  m  = now.minute();
  s  = now.second();
  yr = now.year();
  mt = now.month();
  dt = now.day();
  dy = now.dayOfTheWeek();
  olds = s;

// fill the display with all the data
  printbig((h%10),3);
  printbig((h/10),0);
  printbig((m%10),10);
  printbig((m/10),7);
  printbig((s%10),17);
  printbig((s/10),14);

  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
  lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
  lcd.print(dt/10);
  lcd.print(dt%10);
  lcd.setCursor(7,  2);
  lcd.print(MTH[mt]);

}

void loop() {
  DateTime now = rtc.now();
  s  = now.second();                        // read seconds
  if (olds != s)  {                          // if seconds changed
/*    Serial.println(dy);
    Serial.println(mt);
    Serial.println(dt);
    Serial.println(yr); */
      printbig((s%10),17);                  // display seconds
      printbig((s/10),14);
      olds = s;
      timeset();              		    // verify if user wants  to set time
      if ( s == 0 ) {                       // minutes change
          m  = now.minute();                // read minutes
          printbig((m%10),10);              // display minutes
          printbig((m/10),7);
          if  (m == 0) {                     // hours change
            h  = now.hour();                //  read hours
            printbig((h%10),3);             // dislay hours
            printbig((h/10),0);
            if (h == 0) {                   // day change
              dt =  now.day();               // read day
              dy = now.dayOfTheWeek();
              mt = now.month();             // read month
              yr =  now.year();              // read year
              lcd.setCursor(0, 2);          //  display date full
              lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
              lcd.setCursor(4,  2);
              lcd.print(dt/10);
              lcd.print(dt%10);
              lcd.setCursor(7,  2);
              lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
          }
      }
    }
        // set screen brightness
        light = (analogRead(A6));
        analogWrite(LED,  2+(light/4.2));
                
        // interior temperature/humidity/pression
        if (intbme){
          intemp = round(bme1.readTemperature() - 1);
          inhum = round(bme1.readHumidity());
          pres = round(bme1.readPressure()  / 100.0F);
          lcd.setCursor(11,2);
        if (intemp>=0) {
          lcd.print("[");
          if (intemp<10) {lcd.print(" ");}
          }
          else {
            if (intemp>(-10)) {lcd.print("[");}
          }
        lcd.print(intemp);
        lcd.setCursor(15,2);
        if (inhum<100) {lcd.print(" ");}
        lcd.print(inhum);
        lcd.setCursor(2,3);
        if (pres < 1000) {lcd.print(" ");
          if  (pres < 100) {lcd.print("  ");}
          }
        lcd.print(pres);
        }
      // exterior temperature/humidity
        if (extbme){
            temp = round(bme2.readTemperature());
            lcd.setCursor(11,3);
          if (temp>=0) {
          lcd.print(" ");
          if (temp<10)  {lcd.print(" ");}
          }
          else {
            if (temp>(-10))  {lcd.print(" ");}
            }
         lcd.print(temp);
        hum  = round(bme2.readHumidity());
        lcd.setCursor(15,3);
              if  (hum<100) {lcd.print(" ");}
              if (hum<10) {lcd.print(" ");}
              lcd.print(hum);
        }
    // do other things every second
  }
  delay (100);
}

void timeset() 
{
  // set year
   if  (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {
    delay (10);
    analogWrite(LED,  150);             
    if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {  // debounce  switch set year
      set_yr = true;                             // set year
      set_mt = false;
      set_dt = false;
      set_h = false;
      set_m  = false;
      set_s = false;
      encoderPos = yr;
  // blanks the time  munbers
        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
        lcd.print(" __ __"+String(char(165))+"  __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big point symbol
        lcd.setCursor(0,  1);
        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
        lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
        lcd.print("Year: ");
      delay (500);
      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
        yr  = encoderPos;
        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
        lcd.print(yr);
        rotating  = true;  // reset the debouncer
        if (lastReportedPos != encoderPos) {
          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
        }
        delay (100);                              //  debounce again
      }
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr, mt, dt, h, m, s));    //write  the RTC memory (YYYY, M, D, H, M, s)
    analogWrite(LED, 0);                          //  blink screen
    delay(200);
    analogWrite(LED, 150);
    }
   }

  // set month
   if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {
    delay (10);                               
    if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set month
      set_yr = false;                             //  set month
      set_mt = true;
      set_dt = false;
      set_h = false;
      set_m = false;
      set_s = false;
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.print("___-__-___");
      encoderPos = mt;
      delay (500);
      while (digitalRead(clearButton)  == HIGH ) {
        mt = encoderPos;
        lcd.setCursor(7, 2);
        lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
        }
        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
      }
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
    analogWrite(LED, 0);
    delay(200);
    analogWrite(LED,  150);
    }
   }

   // set day of month
   if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {
    delay (10);                               
    if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set day of month
      set_yr = false;                             //  set day of month
      set_mt = false;
      set_dt = true;
      set_h  = false;
      set_m = false;
      set_s = false;
      encoderPos = dt;        
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.print("___-__-___");
      delay  (500);
      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
        dt = encoderPos+1;
        lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
        lcd.print(dt/10);
        lcd.print(dt%10);
        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
        }
        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
      }
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
    analogWrite(LED, 0);
    delay(200);
    // fill  the date
    analogWrite(LED, 150);
    lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
    lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
    lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
    lcd.print(dt/10);
    lcd.print(dt%10);
    lcd.setCursor(7,  2);
    lcd.print(MTH[mt]);
    }
   }
   
  // set hours
  if  (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {
    delay (10);                               
    if (digitalRead(clearButton) == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set hours
      set_h  = true;                             // set hours
      set_m = false;
      set_s  = false;
      encoderPos = h;
      delay (500);
      while (digitalRead(clearButton)  == HIGH ) {
        h = encoderPos;
        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
        lcd.print("  __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big  point symbol
        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
         printbig((h/10),0);
         printbig((h%10),3);
        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
        }
        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
      }
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
    analogWrite(LED, 0);
    delay(200);
    analogWrite(LED,  150);
    }
  }

  // set minutes
  if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {
    delay (10);                               
    if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set minutes
      set_h = false;                             //  set minutes
      set_m = true;
      set_s = false;
      encoderPos =  m;
      delay (500);
      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
        m = encoderPos;
        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
        lcd.print("  __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big  point symbol
        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
        printbig(m/10,7);
        printbig(m%10,10);
        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
        }
        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
      }
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
    analogWrite(LED, 0);
    delay(200);
    analogWrite(LED,  150);
    }
  }
  
  // set seconds
  if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {
    delay (10);                               
    if (digitalRead(clearButton)  == LOW )  {  // debounce switch set seconds
      set_h = false;                             //  set seconds
      set_m = false;
      set_s = true;
      encoderPos =  s;
      delay (500);
      while (digitalRead(clearButton) == HIGH ) {
        s = encoderPos;
        lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
        lcd.print("  __ __"+String(char(165))+" __ __"+(char(165))+" __ __");  // char(165) is big  point symbol
        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
        lcd.print("      "+String(char(165))+"      "+(char(165))+"      ");
        printbig(s/10,14);
        printbig(s%10,17);
        rotating = true;  // reset the debouncer
        if (lastReportedPos  != encoderPos) {
          lastReportedPos = encoderPos;
        }
        delay  (100);                              // debounce again
      }
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(yr,  mt, dt, h, m, s));
    analogWrite(LED, 0);
    delay(200);
    analogWrite(LED,  150);
    }
  }
  
  //fill in the clock numbers
  printbig((h%10),3);
  printbig((h/10),0);
  printbig((m%10),10);
  printbig((m/10),7);
  printbig((s%10),17);
  printbig((s/10),14);

  // fill in the date
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print(DOW[dy]);
  lcd.setCursor(4, 2);
  lcd.print(dt/10);
  lcd.print(dt%10);
  lcd.setCursor(7, 2);
  lcd.print(MTH[mt]);

  DateTime now = rtc.now();   // read again the time
}

// Interrupt on A changing state
void doEncoderA()  {
  // debounce
  if (set_h) EncoderMax = 24;
    else if (set_m) EncoderMax  = 60;
    else if (set_s) EncoderMax = 60;
    else if (set_yr) EncoderMax  = 3000;
    else if (set_mt) EncoderMax = 12;
    else if (set_dt) EncoderMax  = 31;
  if ( rotating ) delay (1);  // wait a little until the bouncing is done
  // Test transition, did things really change?
  if ( digitalRead(encoderPinA)  != A_set ) { // debounce once more
    A_set = !A_set;
    // adjust counter  + if A leads B
    if ( A_set && !B_set )
      encoderPos += 1;
      encoderPos  = (EncoderMax+encoderPos) % EncoderMax;
    rotating = false;  // no more debouncing  until loop() hits again
  }
}

// Interrupt on B changing state, same  as A above
void doEncoderB() {
  if (set_h) EncoderMax = 24;
    else if  (set_m) EncoderMax = 60;
    else if (set_s) EncoderMax = 60;
    else if  (set_yr) EncoderMax = 3000;
    else if (set_mt) EncoderMax = 12;
    else  if (set_dt) EncoderMax = 31;
  if ( rotating ) delay (1);
  if ( digitalRead(encoderPinB)  != B_set ) {
    B_set = !B_set;
    //  adjust counter - 1 if B leads A
    if ( B_set && !A_set )
      encoderPos -= 1;
      encoderPos = (EncoderMax+encoderPos)  % EncoderMax;
    rotating = false;
  }
}


void printbig(int  i, int x)
{
  //  prints each segment of the big numbers

  if (i ==  0) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(8);  
      lcd.write(1);  
      lcd.write(2);
      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
      lcd.write(3);  
      lcd.write(4);  
      lcd.write(5);
  }
    else if  (i == 1) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(8);
      lcd.write(255);
      lcd.print("  ");
      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.write(255);
      lcd.print(" ");
    }

    else if  (i == 2) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(1);
      lcd.write(6);
      lcd.write(2);
      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
      lcd.write(3);
      lcd.write(7);
      lcd.write(4);
    }

    else if (i == 3) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(1);
      lcd.write(6);
      lcd.write(2);
      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
      lcd.write(4);
      lcd.write(7);
      lcd.write(5); 
    }

    else if (i == 4) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(3);
      lcd.write(4);
      lcd.write(2);
      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
      lcd.print("  ");
      lcd.write(5);
    }

    else  if (i == 5) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(255);
      lcd.write(6);
      lcd.write(1);
      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
      lcd.write(7);
      lcd.write(7);
      lcd.write(5);
    }

    else if (i == 6) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(8);
      lcd.write(6);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
      lcd.write(3);
      lcd.write(7);
      lcd.write(5);
    }

    else if (i == 7) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(1);
      lcd.write(1);
      lcd.write(5);
      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.write(8);
      lcd.print(" ");
    }
    
    else if (i  == 8) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(8);
      lcd.write(6);
      lcd.write(2);
      lcd.setCursor(x, 1);
      lcd.write(3);
      lcd.write(7);
      lcd.write(5);
    }

    else if (i == 9) {
      lcd.setCursor(x,0);
      lcd.write(8);
      lcd.write(6);
      lcd.write(2);
      lcd.setCursor(x,  1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.write(4);
      lcd.write(5);
    }

  }

Downloadable files

Electric Diagram

Electric diagram - modules connection

Electric Diagram

Electric diagram - modules connection

Electric Diagram

Documentation

Big Characters Map

Custom characters for big font

Big Characters Map

Custom characters for big font

Big Characters Map

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