Ironman

Programmable, circular, wearable LED array.

Nov 20, 2020

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wearables

lights

toys

Components and supplies

Arduino Nano

LED (generic)

Resistor 1M ohm

Female Header 8 Position 1 Row (0.1")

IC & Component Socket, 8 Contacts

Apps and platforms

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

Arduino sketch

arduino

Software implementation, Arduino IDE.

1/*
2 *  Program for Ironman logo
3 *  By: JJ
4 */
5
6#include   <Wire.h>
7
8unsigned char button_id = 12;
9bool button_press = true;
10unsigned   long int debouncer = 0;
11char pattern_num = 5;
12
13int alternateFlag = 0;
14
15unsigned   char pattern_buffer[32][32];
16unsigned char ledstate[38];
17unsigned char sawtooth_poly[32];
18unsigned   int pwm_pin_nums[6];
19unsigned char sawtooth = 0;
20unsigned long int triangle   = 0;
21bool triangle_up = true;
22
23char buffer_index = 0;
24
25unsigned long   int timeTracker;
26
27// the setup function runs once when you press reset or   power the board
28void setup() {
29   
30  // Polynomial delinearization via   the following formula
31  //     ((x^0.5) * 32^0.5) + 1
32  // This will allow   us to linearize the apparent brightness of the LEDs
33  // We will use a lookup   table to improve runtime efficiency
34  float sqrt_32 = sqrt(32);
35  for (int   i = 0; i < 32; i++)
36  {
37    //sawtooth_poly[i] = ( i * i / 32 ) + 1;
38    sawtooth_poly[i]   = (sqrt(i) * sqrt_32 + 1) * 8;
39  }
40  
41  for (int i = 0; i < 38; i++)
42   {
43    ledstate[i] = 0;
44  }
45  
46  int ledPin1 = 3;  
47  int ledPin2   = 5; 
48  int ledPin3 = 6;   
49  int ledPin4 = 9;  
50  int ledPin5 = 10;  
51   int ledPin6 = 11;   
52  
53  pwm_pin_nums[0] = ledPin1;
54  pwm_pin_nums[1]   = ledPin2;
55  pwm_pin_nums[2] = ledPin3;
56  pwm_pin_nums[3] = ledPin4;
57  pwm_pin_nums[4]   = ledPin5;
58  pwm_pin_nums[5] = ledPin6;
59  
60  
61  // initialize digital   pins as outputs
62  pinMode(ledPin1, OUTPUT);
63  pinMode(ledPin2, OUTPUT);
64   pinMode(ledPin3, OUTPUT);
65  pinMode(ledPin4, OUTPUT);
66  pinMode(ledPin5,   OUTPUT);
67  pinMode(ledPin6, OUTPUT);
68  
69  pinMode(button_id, INPUT_PULLUP);
70
71   //timeTracker = millis();
72
73  // Open up the floodgates of I2C
74  Wire.begin();   // join i2c bus (address optional for master)
75
76  // Change the I2C clock rate   from 100k to 400k by knocking the TWBR value down from 72 to 18
77  TWBR = 18;
78   
79  Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
80  Wire.write(0x06);              // Enter command to configure this bubby
81  Wire.write(0x00);             //   Enable outputs on P0
82  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
83   Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction
84  
85  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21);   // Select the first chip
86  Wire.write(0x06);             // Enter command to   configure this bubby
87  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P0
88   Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
89  Wire.endTransmission();        // Finish up the transaction  
90}
91
92// the loop function runs over   and over again forever
93void loop() 
94{
95  if (button_press)
96  {
97    buffer_index   = 0;
98    button_press = false; 
99    generate_new_pattern();
100  }
101  
102   // If we got a button press, do some rudimentary debouncing and set a flag for   later
103  if (!digitalRead(button_id))
104  {
105    if (debouncer < millis() &&   !button_press)
106    {
107       debouncer = millis() + 1000;
108       button_press   = true;
109    }
110  }
111  calculate_values();
112
113  write_values();
114}
115
116void   generate_new_pattern()
117{
118  switch (++pattern_num)
119  {
120    case 1:
121         for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
122        {
123            for   (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
124            {
125               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = max( ( (32 - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 3) - 64, 0);
126            }
127         }
128        break;
129    case 2:
130        for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter   < 32; led_iter++)
131        {
132            for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter   < 32; buffer_iter++)
133            {
134               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = max((abs(16 - buffer_iter) << 3) - 33, 0); ;
135            }
136        }
137         break;
138    case 3:      
139      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32;   led_iter++)
140      {
141          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32;   buffer_iter++)
142          {
143              if (buffer_iter == 0) pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (rand() % 50) + 15;
144              else pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = min(max(pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter - 1] + ((rand() % 3) - 1) * 10, 0),   255);
145          }
146      }
147      break;
148    case 4:
149      for (int   led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
150      {
151          for (int buffer_iter   = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
152          {
153              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = max( (((led_iter % 16 + (32 - buffer_iter)) % 16) << 5) - 256, 0);
154          }
155       }
156      break;
157    case 5:
158      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter   < 32; led_iter++)
159      {
160          int peaks = 3;
161          for (int buffer_iter   = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
162          {
163              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = min(max(300 * (sin(2 * PI * peaks * (buffer_iter + led_iter) / 32.0) + 1) - 400,   0), 255);
164          }
165      }
166      break;
167    case 6:
168      for   (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
169      {
170          // Left to   right. Convert LED number into an angle (radians)
171          float led_pos_x =   cos(((led_iter - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
172          float led_pos_y = sin(((led_iter   - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
173          float led_pos_xn = cos(((led_iter + 8)   % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
174          float led_pos_yn = sin(((led_iter + 8) % 32)   / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
175          float width = 0.2;
176          for (int buffer_iter   = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
177          {
178              // Convert   our buffer position into a horizontal displacement
179              float buffer_pos   = (buffer_iter % 8) / 3.0 - 1.25;
180
181              if (buffer_iter < 8)
182               {
183                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_x);
184   
185                if (horiz_dist < width)
186                {
187                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (width - horiz_dist) / width * 255;
188                }
189                else
190                 {
191                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =   0;
192                }
193              }
194              else if (buffer_iter   < 16)
195              {
196                float vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_y);
197   
198                if (vert_dist < width)
199                {
200                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
201                }
202                else
203                 {
204                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =   0;
205                }
206              }
207              else if (buffer_iter   < 24)
208              {
209                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos -   led_pos_xn);
210  
211                if (horiz_dist < width)
212                {
213                     pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = (width - horiz_dist)   / width * 255;
214                }
215                else
216                {
217                     pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = 0;
218                }
219               }
220              else
221              {
222                float   vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_yn);
223  
224                if (vert_dist   < width)
225                {
226                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
227                }
228                else
229                 {
230                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =   0;
231                }
232              }
233              
234          }
235       }
236      break;
237    default:
238      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter   < 32; led_iter++)
239      {
240          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter   < 32; buffer_iter++)
241          {
242             unsigned char cw  = max( ( (32   - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
243             unsigned char   ccw = max( ( (((led_iter + 32 - buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
244             
245              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = max(cw, ccw);
246          }
247       }
248      pattern_num = 0;
249      break;
250  }
251}
252
253void calculate_values()
254{
255   sawtooth += 8;
256  
257  if (timeTracker <= millis())
258  {
259     buffer_index++;
260      if (buffer_index >= 32)
261     {
262        buffer_index %= 32;
263     }   
264     timeTracker += 50;
265  }
266
267  for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
268  {
269     ledstate[i] = pattern_buffer[i][buffer_index];
270  }  
271  
272  for ( int   i = 32; i < 38; i ++)
273  {
274     ledstate[i] = max((abs(16 - buffer_index) <<   4) - 33, 0); 
275  }
276}
277
278
279void write_values()
280{ 
281  unsigned char   byte1 = 0;
282  unsigned char byte2 = 0;
283  unsigned char byte3 = 0;
284  unsigned   char byte4 = 0;
285  
286  for (int iter = 0; iter < 8; iter++)
287  {
288    if   (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
289    {
290      byte1 = byte1   | (1 << (iter % 8));
291    }
292  }
293
294  for (int iter = 8; iter < 16; iter++)
295   {
296    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
297    {
298      byte2   = byte2 | (1 << (iter % 8));
299    }
300  }
301  for (int iter = 16; iter < 24;   iter++)
302  {
303    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
304    {
305       byte3 = byte3 | (1 << (iter % 8));
306    }
307  }
308  for (int iter = 24;   iter < 32; iter++)
309  {
310    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >>   3])
311    {
312      byte4 = byte4 | (1 << (iter % 8));
313    }
314  }
315  
316   Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
317  Wire.write(0x02);              // Enter command to configure this bubby
318  Wire.write(byte1);     //   Enable outputs on P0
319  Wire.write(byte2);     // Enable outputs on P1
320  Wire.endTransmission();        // Finish up the transaction  
321  
322  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21); //   Select the first chip
323  Wire.write(0x02);             // Enter command to configure   this bubby
324  Wire.write(byte3);     // Enable outputs on P0
325  Wire.write(byte4);      // Enable outputs on P1
326  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the   transaction  
327  
328  for (int i = 32; i < 38; i++)
329  {
330    analogWrite(pwm_pin_nums[i   - 32], ledstate[i]);  
331  }
332
333}
334
335
336

/*
 *  Program for Ironman logo
 *  By: JJ
 */

#include   <Wire.h>

unsigned char button_id = 12;
bool button_press = true;
unsigned   long int debouncer = 0;
char pattern_num = 5;

int alternateFlag = 0;

unsigned   char pattern_buffer[32][32];
unsigned char ledstate[38];
unsigned char sawtooth_poly[32];
unsigned   int pwm_pin_nums[6];
unsigned char sawtooth = 0;
unsigned long int triangle   = 0;
bool triangle_up = true;

char buffer_index = 0;

unsigned long   int timeTracker;

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or   power the board
void setup() {
   
  // Polynomial delinearization via   the following formula
  //     ((x^0.5) * 32^0.5) + 1
  // This will allow   us to linearize the apparent brightness of the LEDs
  // We will use a lookup   table to improve runtime efficiency
  float sqrt_32 = sqrt(32);
  for (int   i = 0; i < 32; i++)
  {
    //sawtooth_poly[i] = ( i * i / 32 ) + 1;
    sawtooth_poly[i]   = (sqrt(i) * sqrt_32 + 1) * 8;
  }
  
  for (int i = 0; i < 38; i++)
   {
    ledstate[i] = 0;
  }
  
  int ledPin1 = 3;  
  int ledPin2   = 5; 
  int ledPin3 = 6;   
  int ledPin4 = 9;  
  int ledPin5 = 10;  
   int ledPin6 = 11;   
  
  pwm_pin_nums[0] = ledPin1;
  pwm_pin_nums[1]   = ledPin2;
  pwm_pin_nums[2] = ledPin3;
  pwm_pin_nums[3] = ledPin4;
  pwm_pin_nums[4]   = ledPin5;
  pwm_pin_nums[5] = ledPin6;
  
  
  // initialize digital   pins as outputs
  pinMode(ledPin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin2, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(ledPin3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin5,   OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin6, OUTPUT);
  
  pinMode(button_id, INPUT_PULLUP);

   //timeTracker = millis();

  // Open up the floodgates of I2C
  Wire.begin();   // join i2c bus (address optional for master)

  // Change the I2C clock rate   from 100k to 400k by knocking the TWBR value down from 72 to 18
  TWBR = 18;
   
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x06);              // Enter command to configure this bubby
  Wire.write(0x00);             //   Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
   Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction
  
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21);   // Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x06);             // Enter command to   configure this bubby
  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P0
   Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();        // Finish up the transaction  
}

// the loop function runs over   and over again forever
void loop() 
{
  if (button_press)
  {
    buffer_index   = 0;
    button_press = false; 
    generate_new_pattern();
  }
  
   // If we got a button press, do some rudimentary debouncing and set a flag for   later
  if (!digitalRead(button_id))
  {
    if (debouncer < millis() &&   !button_press)
    {
       debouncer = millis() + 1000;
       button_press   = true;
    }
  }
  calculate_values();

  write_values();
}

void   generate_new_pattern()
{
  switch (++pattern_num)
  {
    case 1:
         for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
        {
            for   (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
            {
               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = max( ( (32 - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 3) - 64, 0);
            }
         }
        break;
    case 2:
        for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter   < 32; led_iter++)
        {
            for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter   < 32; buffer_iter++)
            {
               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = max((abs(16 - buffer_iter) << 3) - 33, 0); ;
            }
        }
         break;
    case 3:      
      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32;   led_iter++)
      {
          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32;   buffer_iter++)
          {
              if (buffer_iter == 0) pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (rand() % 50) + 15;
              else pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = min(max(pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter - 1] + ((rand() % 3) - 1) * 10, 0),   255);
          }
      }
      break;
    case 4:
      for (int   led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          for (int buffer_iter   = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = max( (((led_iter % 16 + (32 - buffer_iter)) % 16) << 5) - 256, 0);
          }
       }
      break;
    case 5:
      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter   < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          int peaks = 3;
          for (int buffer_iter   = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = min(max(300 * (sin(2 * PI * peaks * (buffer_iter + led_iter) / 32.0) + 1) - 400,   0), 255);
          }
      }
      break;
    case 6:
      for   (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          // Left to   right. Convert LED number into an angle (radians)
          float led_pos_x =   cos(((led_iter - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float led_pos_y = sin(((led_iter   - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float led_pos_xn = cos(((led_iter + 8)   % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float led_pos_yn = sin(((led_iter + 8) % 32)   / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float width = 0.2;
          for (int buffer_iter   = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
              // Convert   our buffer position into a horizontal displacement
              float buffer_pos   = (buffer_iter % 8) / 3.0 - 1.25;

              if (buffer_iter < 8)
               {
                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_x);
   
                if (horiz_dist < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (width - horiz_dist) / width * 255;
                }
                else
                 {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =   0;
                }
              }
              else if (buffer_iter   < 16)
              {
                float vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_y);
   
                if (vert_dist < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
                }
                else
                 {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =   0;
                }
              }
              else if (buffer_iter   < 24)
              {
                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos -   led_pos_xn);
  
                if (horiz_dist < width)
                {
                     pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = (width - horiz_dist)   / width * 255;
                }
                else
                {
                     pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = 0;
                }
               }
              else
              {
                float   vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_yn);
  
                if (vert_dist   < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]   = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
                }
                else
                 {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =   0;
                }
              }
              
          }
       }
      break;
    default:
      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter   < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter   < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
             unsigned char cw  = max( ( (32   - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
             unsigned char   ccw = max( ( (((led_iter + 32 - buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
             
              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = max(cw, ccw);
          }
       }
      pattern_num = 0;
      break;
  }
}

void calculate_values()
{
   sawtooth += 8;
  
  if (timeTracker <= millis())
  {
     buffer_index++;
      if (buffer_index >= 32)
     {
        buffer_index %= 32;
     }   
     timeTracker += 50;
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
  {
     ledstate[i] = pattern_buffer[i][buffer_index];
  }  
  
  for ( int   i = 32; i < 38; i ++)
  {
     ledstate[i] = max((abs(16 - buffer_index) <<   4) - 33, 0); 
  }
}


void write_values()
{ 
  unsigned char   byte1 = 0;
  unsigned char byte2 = 0;
  unsigned char byte3 = 0;
  unsigned   char byte4 = 0;
  
  for (int iter = 0; iter < 8; iter++)
  {
    if   (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
    {
      byte1 = byte1   | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }

  for (int iter = 8; iter < 16; iter++)
   {
    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
    {
      byte2   = byte2 | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }
  for (int iter = 16; iter < 24;   iter++)
  {
    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
    {
       byte3 = byte3 | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }
  for (int iter = 24;   iter < 32; iter++)
  {
    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >>   3])
    {
      byte4 = byte4 | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }
  
   Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x02);              // Enter command to configure this bubby
  Wire.write(byte1);     //   Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(byte2);     // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();        // Finish up the transaction  
  
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21); //   Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x02);             // Enter command to configure   this bubby
  Wire.write(byte3);     // Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(byte4);      // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the   transaction  
  
  for (int i = 32; i < 38; i++)
  {
    analogWrite(pwm_pin_nums[i   - 32], ledstate[i]);  
  }

}

Arduino sketch

arduino

Software implementation, Arduino IDE.

1/*
2 *  Program for Ironman logo
3 *  By: JJ
4 */
5
6#include  <Wire.h>
7
8unsigned char button_id = 12;
9bool button_press = true;
10unsigned  long int debouncer = 0;
11char pattern_num = 5;
12
13int alternateFlag = 0;
14
15unsigned  char pattern_buffer[32][32];
16unsigned char ledstate[38];
17unsigned char sawtooth_poly[32];
18unsigned  int pwm_pin_nums[6];
19unsigned char sawtooth = 0;
20unsigned long int triangle  = 0;
21bool triangle_up = true;
22
23char buffer_index = 0;
24
25unsigned long  int timeTracker;
26
27// the setup function runs once when you press reset or  power the board
28void setup() {
29   
30  // Polynomial delinearization via  the following formula
31  //     ((x^0.5) * 32^0.5) + 1
32  // This will allow  us to linearize the apparent brightness of the LEDs
33  // We will use a lookup  table to improve runtime efficiency
34  float sqrt_32 = sqrt(32);
35  for (int  i = 0; i < 32; i++)
36  {
37    //sawtooth_poly[i] = ( i * i / 32 ) + 1;
38    sawtooth_poly[i]  = (sqrt(i) * sqrt_32 + 1) * 8;
39  }
40  
41  for (int i = 0; i < 38; i++)
42  {
43    ledstate[i] = 0;
44  }
45  
46  int ledPin1 = 3;  
47  int ledPin2  = 5; 
48  int ledPin3 = 6;   
49  int ledPin4 = 9;  
50  int ledPin5 = 10;  
51  int ledPin6 = 11;   
52  
53  pwm_pin_nums[0] = ledPin1;
54  pwm_pin_nums[1]  = ledPin2;
55  pwm_pin_nums[2] = ledPin3;
56  pwm_pin_nums[3] = ledPin4;
57  pwm_pin_nums[4]  = ledPin5;
58  pwm_pin_nums[5] = ledPin6;
59  
60  
61  // initialize digital  pins as outputs
62  pinMode(ledPin1, OUTPUT);
63  pinMode(ledPin2, OUTPUT);
64  pinMode(ledPin3, OUTPUT);
65  pinMode(ledPin4, OUTPUT);
66  pinMode(ledPin5,  OUTPUT);
67  pinMode(ledPin6, OUTPUT);
68  
69  pinMode(button_id, INPUT_PULLUP);
70
71  //timeTracker = millis();
72
73  // Open up the floodgates of I2C
74  Wire.begin();  // join i2c bus (address optional for master)
75
76  // Change the I2C clock rate  from 100k to 400k by knocking the TWBR value down from 72 to 18
77  TWBR = 18;
78  
79  Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
80  Wire.write(0x06);             // Enter command to configure this bubby
81  Wire.write(0x00);             //  Enable outputs on P0
82  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
83  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction
84  
85  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21);  // Select the first chip
86  Wire.write(0x06);             // Enter command to  configure this bubby
87  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P0
88  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
89  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction  
90}
91
92// the loop function runs over  and over again forever
93void loop() 
94{
95  if (button_press)
96  {
97    buffer_index  = 0;
98    button_press = false; 
99    generate_new_pattern();
100  }
101  
102  // If we got a button press, do some rudimentary debouncing and set a flag for  later
103  if (!digitalRead(button_id))
104  {
105    if (debouncer < millis() &&  !button_press)
106    {
107       debouncer = millis() + 1000;
108       button_press  = true;
109    }
110  }
111  calculate_values();
112
113  write_values();
114}
115
116void  generate_new_pattern()
117{
118  switch (++pattern_num)
119  {
120    case 1:
121        for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
122        {
123            for  (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
124            {
125               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = max( ( (32 - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 3) - 64, 0);
126            }
127        }
128        break;
129    case 2:
130        for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter  < 32; led_iter++)
131        {
132            for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter  < 32; buffer_iter++)
133            {
134               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = max((abs(16 - buffer_iter) << 3) - 33, 0); ;
135            }
136        }
137        break;
138    case 3:      
139      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32;  led_iter++)
140      {
141          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32;  buffer_iter++)
142          {
143              if (buffer_iter == 0) pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (rand() % 50) + 15;
144              else pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = min(max(pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter - 1] + ((rand() % 3) - 1) * 10, 0),  255);
145          }
146      }
147      break;
148    case 4:
149      for (int  led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
150      {
151          for (int buffer_iter  = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
152          {
153              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = max( (((led_iter % 16 + (32 - buffer_iter)) % 16) << 5) - 256, 0);
154          }
155      }
156      break;
157    case 5:
158      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter  < 32; led_iter++)
159      {
160          int peaks = 3;
161          for (int buffer_iter  = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
162          {
163              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = min(max(300 * (sin(2 * PI * peaks * (buffer_iter + led_iter) / 32.0) + 1) - 400,  0), 255);
164          }
165      }
166      break;
167    case 6:
168      for  (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
169      {
170          // Left to  right. Convert LED number into an angle (radians)
171          float led_pos_x =  cos(((led_iter - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
172          float led_pos_y = sin(((led_iter  - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
173          float led_pos_xn = cos(((led_iter + 8)  % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
174          float led_pos_yn = sin(((led_iter + 8) % 32)  / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
175          float width = 0.2;
176          for (int buffer_iter  = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
177          {
178              // Convert  our buffer position into a horizontal displacement
179              float buffer_pos  = (buffer_iter % 8) / 3.0 - 1.25;
180
181              if (buffer_iter < 8)
182              {
183                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_x);
184  
185                if (horiz_dist < width)
186                {
187                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (width - horiz_dist) / width * 255;
188                }
189                else
190                {
191                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =  0;
192                }
193              }
194              else if (buffer_iter  < 16)
195              {
196                float vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_y);
197  
198                if (vert_dist < width)
199                {
200                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
201                }
202                else
203                {
204                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =  0;
205                }
206              }
207              else if (buffer_iter  < 24)
208              {
209                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos -  led_pos_xn);
210  
211                if (horiz_dist < width)
212                {
213                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = (width - horiz_dist)  / width * 255;
214                }
215                else
216                {
217                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = 0;
218                }
219              }
220              else
221              {
222                float  vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_yn);
223  
224                if (vert_dist  < width)
225                {
226                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
227                }
228                else
229                {
230                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =  0;
231                }
232              }
233              
234          }
235      }
236      break;
237    default:
238      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter  < 32; led_iter++)
239      {
240          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter  < 32; buffer_iter++)
241          {
242             unsigned char cw  = max( ( (32  - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
243             unsigned char  ccw = max( ( (((led_iter + 32 - buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
244             
245             pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = max(cw, ccw);
246          }
247      }
248      pattern_num = 0;
249      break;
250  }
251}
252
253void calculate_values()
254{
255  sawtooth += 8;
256  
257  if (timeTracker <= millis())
258  {
259     buffer_index++;
260     if (buffer_index >= 32)
261     {
262        buffer_index %= 32;
263     }  
264     timeTracker += 50;
265  }
266
267  for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
268  {
269    ledstate[i] = pattern_buffer[i][buffer_index];
270  }  
271  
272  for ( int  i = 32; i < 38; i ++)
273  {
274     ledstate[i] = max((abs(16 - buffer_index) <<  4) - 33, 0); 
275  }
276}
277
278
279void write_values()
280{ 
281  unsigned char  byte1 = 0;
282  unsigned char byte2 = 0;
283  unsigned char byte3 = 0;
284  unsigned  char byte4 = 0;
285  
286  for (int iter = 0; iter < 8; iter++)
287  {
288    if  (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
289    {
290      byte1 = byte1  | (1 << (iter % 8));
291    }
292  }
293
294  for (int iter = 8; iter < 16; iter++)
295  {
296    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
297    {
298      byte2  = byte2 | (1 << (iter % 8));
299    }
300  }
301  for (int iter = 16; iter < 24;  iter++)
302  {
303    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
304    {
305      byte3 = byte3 | (1 << (iter % 8));
306    }
307  }
308  for (int iter = 24;  iter < 32; iter++)
309  {
310    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >>  3])
311    {
312      byte4 = byte4 | (1 << (iter % 8));
313    }
314  }
315  
316  Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
317  Wire.write(0x02);             // Enter command to configure this bubby
318  Wire.write(byte1);     //  Enable outputs on P0
319  Wire.write(byte2);     // Enable outputs on P1
320  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction  
321  
322  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21); //  Select the first chip
323  Wire.write(0x02);             // Enter command to configure  this bubby
324  Wire.write(byte3);     // Enable outputs on P0
325  Wire.write(byte4);     // Enable outputs on P1
326  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the  transaction  
327  
328  for (int i = 32; i < 38; i++)
329  {
330    analogWrite(pwm_pin_nums[i  - 32], ledstate[i]);  
331  }
332
333}
334
335
336

/*
 *  Program for Ironman logo
 *  By: JJ
 */

#include  <Wire.h>

unsigned char button_id = 12;
bool button_press = true;
unsigned  long int debouncer = 0;
char pattern_num = 5;

int alternateFlag = 0;

unsigned  char pattern_buffer[32][32];
unsigned char ledstate[38];
unsigned char sawtooth_poly[32];
unsigned  int pwm_pin_nums[6];
unsigned char sawtooth = 0;
unsigned long int triangle  = 0;
bool triangle_up = true;

char buffer_index = 0;

unsigned long  int timeTracker;

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or  power the board
void setup() {
   
  // Polynomial delinearization via  the following formula
  //     ((x^0.5) * 32^0.5) + 1
  // This will allow  us to linearize the apparent brightness of the LEDs
  // We will use a lookup  table to improve runtime efficiency
  float sqrt_32 = sqrt(32);
  for (int  i = 0; i < 32; i++)
  {
    //sawtooth_poly[i] = ( i * i / 32 ) + 1;
    sawtooth_poly[i]  = (sqrt(i) * sqrt_32 + 1) * 8;
  }
  
  for (int i = 0; i < 38; i++)
  {
    ledstate[i] = 0;
  }
  
  int ledPin1 = 3;  
  int ledPin2  = 5; 
  int ledPin3 = 6;   
  int ledPin4 = 9;  
  int ledPin5 = 10;  
  int ledPin6 = 11;   
  
  pwm_pin_nums[0] = ledPin1;
  pwm_pin_nums[1]  = ledPin2;
  pwm_pin_nums[2] = ledPin3;
  pwm_pin_nums[3] = ledPin4;
  pwm_pin_nums[4]  = ledPin5;
  pwm_pin_nums[5] = ledPin6;
  
  
  // initialize digital  pins as outputs
  pinMode(ledPin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin5,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ledPin6, OUTPUT);
  
  pinMode(button_id, INPUT_PULLUP);

  //timeTracker = millis();

  // Open up the floodgates of I2C
  Wire.begin();  // join i2c bus (address optional for master)

  // Change the I2C clock rate  from 100k to 400k by knocking the TWBR value down from 72 to 18
  TWBR = 18;
  
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x06);             // Enter command to configure this bubby
  Wire.write(0x00);             //  Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction
  
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21);  // Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x06);             // Enter command to  configure this bubby
  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(0x00);             // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction  
}

// the loop function runs over  and over again forever
void loop() 
{
  if (button_press)
  {
    buffer_index  = 0;
    button_press = false; 
    generate_new_pattern();
  }
  
  // If we got a button press, do some rudimentary debouncing and set a flag for  later
  if (!digitalRead(button_id))
  {
    if (debouncer < millis() &&  !button_press)
    {
       debouncer = millis() + 1000;
       button_press  = true;
    }
  }
  calculate_values();

  write_values();
}

void  generate_new_pattern()
{
  switch (++pattern_num)
  {
    case 1:
        for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
        {
            for  (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
            {
               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = max( ( (32 - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 3) - 64, 0);
            }
        }
        break;
    case 2:
        for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter  < 32; led_iter++)
        {
            for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter  < 32; buffer_iter++)
            {
               pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = max((abs(16 - buffer_iter) << 3) - 33, 0); ;
            }
        }
        break;
    case 3:      
      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32;  led_iter++)
      {
          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter < 32;  buffer_iter++)
          {
              if (buffer_iter == 0) pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (rand() % 50) + 15;
              else pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = min(max(pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter - 1] + ((rand() % 3) - 1) * 10, 0),  255);
          }
      }
      break;
    case 4:
      for (int  led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          for (int buffer_iter  = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = max( (((led_iter % 16 + (32 - buffer_iter)) % 16) << 5) - 256, 0);
          }
      }
      break;
    case 5:
      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter  < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          int peaks = 3;
          for (int buffer_iter  = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
              pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = min(max(300 * (sin(2 * PI * peaks * (buffer_iter + led_iter) / 32.0) + 1) - 400,  0), 255);
          }
      }
      break;
    case 6:
      for  (int led_iter = 0; led_iter < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          // Left to  right. Convert LED number into an angle (radians)
          float led_pos_x =  cos(((led_iter - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float led_pos_y = sin(((led_iter  - 8) % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float led_pos_xn = cos(((led_iter + 8)  % 32) / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float led_pos_yn = sin(((led_iter + 8) % 32)  / 32.0 * 2 * PI);
          float width = 0.2;
          for (int buffer_iter  = 0; buffer_iter < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
              // Convert  our buffer position into a horizontal displacement
              float buffer_pos  = (buffer_iter % 8) / 3.0 - 1.25;

              if (buffer_iter < 8)
              {
                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_x);
  
                if (horiz_dist < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (width - horiz_dist) / width * 255;
                }
                else
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =  0;
                }
              }
              else if (buffer_iter  < 16)
              {
                float vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_y);
  
                if (vert_dist < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
                }
                else
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =  0;
                }
              }
              else if (buffer_iter  < 24)
              {
                float horiz_dist = abs(buffer_pos -  led_pos_xn);
  
                if (horiz_dist < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = (width - horiz_dist)  / width * 255;
                }
                else
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = 0;
                }
              }
              else
              {
                float  vert_dist = abs(buffer_pos - led_pos_yn);
  
                if (vert_dist  < width)
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter]  = (width - vert_dist) / width * 255;
                }
                else
                {
                    pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] =  0;
                }
              }
              
          }
      }
      break;
    default:
      for (int led_iter = 0; led_iter  < 32; led_iter++)
      {
          for (int buffer_iter = 0; buffer_iter  < 32; buffer_iter++)
          {
             unsigned char cw  = max( ( (32  - ((led_iter + buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
             unsigned char  ccw = max( ( (((led_iter + 32 - buffer_iter) % 32)) << 5) - 768, 0);
             
             pattern_buffer[led_iter][buffer_iter] = max(cw, ccw);
          }
      }
      pattern_num = 0;
      break;
  }
}

void calculate_values()
{
  sawtooth += 8;
  
  if (timeTracker <= millis())
  {
     buffer_index++;
     if (buffer_index >= 32)
     {
        buffer_index %= 32;
     }  
     timeTracker += 50;
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
  {
    ledstate[i] = pattern_buffer[i][buffer_index];
  }  
  
  for ( int  i = 32; i < 38; i ++)
  {
     ledstate[i] = max((abs(16 - buffer_index) <<  4) - 33, 0); 
  }
}


void write_values()
{ 
  unsigned char  byte1 = 0;
  unsigned char byte2 = 0;
  unsigned char byte3 = 0;
  unsigned  char byte4 = 0;
  
  for (int iter = 0; iter < 8; iter++)
  {
    if  (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
    {
      byte1 = byte1  | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }

  for (int iter = 8; iter < 16; iter++)
  {
    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
    {
      byte2  = byte2 | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }
  for (int iter = 16; iter < 24;  iter++)
  {
    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >> 3])
    {
      byte3 = byte3 | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }
  for (int iter = 24;  iter < 32; iter++)
  {
    if (ledstate[iter] <= sawtooth_poly[sawtooth >>  3])
    {
      byte4 = byte4 | (1 << (iter % 8));
    }
  }
  
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x20); // Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x02);             // Enter command to configure this bubby
  Wire.write(byte1);     //  Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(byte2);     // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the transaction  
  
  Wire.beginTransmission(0x21); //  Select the first chip
  Wire.write(0x02);             // Enter command to configure  this bubby
  Wire.write(byte3);     // Enable outputs on P0
  Wire.write(byte4);     // Enable outputs on P1
  Wire.endTransmission();       // Finish up the  transaction  
  
  for (int i = 32; i < 38; i++)
  {
    analogWrite(pwm_pin_nums[i  - 32], ledstate[i]);  
  }

}

Downloadable files

Schematic

Schematic and PCB data in attached zip. EagleCAD

Schematic

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