A MIDI Spanish Baroque pipe organ pedalboard

Avoid letting inspiration find you without the proper musical tools. With this pedalboard, you can now play that “Tiento de Contras” you’ve always wanted to practice at home 🙂

Dec 20, 2025

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CC BY-SA 4+

Music

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Software & Tools

Raspbian

Project description

Code

Final code for midi usage

1#include "MIDIUSB.h"
2
3// ==================== CONFIG ====================
4// MIDI channel (0–15 in code, 1–16 for humans)
5const byte MIDI_CHANNEL = 3; // Channel 4 as midi channels 1-16 are in the library MIDIUSB numbered 0-15
6
7// Pins to use
8const int pins[] = {A0,A1,A2,A3,4,5,7,8,9,14,15};
9const char* pinNames[] = {"A0","A1","A2","A3","4","5","7","8","9","MISO","SCLK"};
10
11// Pin type: 0 = note, 1 = CC/event
12const int pinType[] = {0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0};
13
14// MIDI note or CC number for each pin
15// Notes: C3=36, D3=38, E3=40, F3=41, G3=43, A3=45, Bb3=46, B3=47  CC/event: 20–27 for example
16const int pinMidi[] = {38,40,41,43,20,21,47,45,46,22,36};
17
18
19const int numPins = sizeof(pins)/sizeof(pins[0]);
20// ================================================
21
22bool pinState[numPins] = {false};
23
24void setup() {
25    for(int i=0;i<numPins;i++){
26    pinMode(pins[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
27  }
28}
29
30void loop() {
31  for(int i=0;i<numPins;i++){
32    bool pressed = digitalRead(pins[i]) == LOW;
33
34    if(pressed && !pinState[i]){
35      if(pinType[i] == 0){
36        noteOn(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 127);
37      } else {
38        ccOn(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 127);
39      }
40      pinState[i] = true;
41    }
42    else if(!pressed && pinState[i]){
43      if(pinType[i] == 0){
44        noteOff(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 0);
45      } else {
46        ccOff(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 0);
47      }
48      pinState[i] = false;
49    }
50  }
51}
52
53// ==================== MIDI HELPERS ====================
54void noteOn(byte channel, byte pitch, byte velocity){
55  midiEventPacket_t noteOn = {0x09, (uint8_t)(0x90 | channel), pitch, velocity};
56  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(noteOn);
57  MidiUSB.flush();
58}
59
60void noteOff(byte channel, byte pitch, byte velocity){
61  midiEventPacket_t noteOff = {0x08, (uint8_t)(0x80 | channel), pitch, velocity};
62  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(noteOff);
63  MidiUSB.flush();
64}
65
66void ccOn(byte channel, byte cc, byte value){
67  midiEventPacket_t ccMsg = {0x0B, (uint8_t)(0xB0 | channel), cc, value};
68  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(ccMsg);
69  MidiUSB.flush();
70}
71
72void ccOff(byte channel, byte cc, byte value){
73  midiEventPacket_t ccMsg = {0x0B, (uint8_t)(0xB0 | channel), cc, value};
74  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(ccMsg);
75  MidiUSB.flush();
76}

#include "MIDIUSB.h"

// ==================== CONFIG ====================
// MIDI channel (0–15 in code, 1–16 for humans)
const byte MIDI_CHANNEL = 3; // Channel 4 as midi channels 1-16 are in the library MIDIUSB numbered 0-15

// Pins to use
const int pins[] = {A0,A1,A2,A3,4,5,7,8,9,14,15};
const char* pinNames[] = {"A0","A1","A2","A3","4","5","7","8","9","MISO","SCLK"};

// Pin type: 0 = note, 1 = CC/event
const int pinType[] = {0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0};

// MIDI note or CC number for each pin
// Notes: C3=36, D3=38, E3=40, F3=41, G3=43, A3=45, Bb3=46, B3=47  CC/event: 20–27 for example
const int pinMidi[] = {38,40,41,43,20,21,47,45,46,22,36};


const int numPins = sizeof(pins)/sizeof(pins[0]);
// ================================================

bool pinState[numPins] = {false};

void setup() {
    for(int i=0;i<numPins;i++){
    pinMode(pins[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
  }
}

void loop() {
  for(int i=0;i<numPins;i++){
    bool pressed = digitalRead(pins[i]) == LOW;

    if(pressed && !pinState[i]){
      if(pinType[i] == 0){
        noteOn(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 127);
      } else {
        ccOn(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 127);
      }
      pinState[i] = true;
    }
    else if(!pressed && pinState[i]){
      if(pinType[i] == 0){
        noteOff(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 0);
      } else {
        ccOff(MIDI_CHANNEL, pinMidi[i], 0);
      }
      pinState[i] = false;
    }
  }
}

// ==================== MIDI HELPERS ====================
void noteOn(byte channel, byte pitch, byte velocity){
  midiEventPacket_t noteOn = {0x09, (uint8_t)(0x90 | channel), pitch, velocity};
  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(noteOn);
  MidiUSB.flush();
}

void noteOff(byte channel, byte pitch, byte velocity){
  midiEventPacket_t noteOff = {0x08, (uint8_t)(0x80 | channel), pitch, velocity};
  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(noteOff);
  MidiUSB.flush();
}

void ccOn(byte channel, byte cc, byte value){
  midiEventPacket_t ccMsg = {0x0B, (uint8_t)(0xB0 | channel), cc, value};
  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(ccMsg);
  MidiUSB.flush();
}

void ccOff(byte channel, byte cc, byte value){
  midiEventPacket_t ccMsg = {0x0B, (uint8_t)(0xB0 | channel), cc, value};
  MidiUSB.sendMIDI(ccMsg);
  MidiUSB.flush();
}

Downloadable files

The project files for the developer IDE

A tester to test the PINs and the final code.

Project files.zip

Documentation

Board PIN schema

A schema showing all the PINs of the board.

Esquema básico pines.jpg