Build a simple digital keyboard that plays real notes using Arduino

This project creates a simple digital keyboard that uses push buttons to play musical notes through a piezo buzzer with Arduino. It is also an educational project demonstrating analog input reading and sound generation with Arduino.

Aug 20, 2025

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Arduino User Group

Audio

Music

Components and supplies

Arduino Starter Kit [English]

USB 2.0 Cable Type A/B

Arduino Uno Rev3

Resistor 10k ohm

Breadboard Jumper Wire Pack (200mm&100mm)

Push Button

Resistor 1 M ohm

Mini breadboard - White

Resistor 330 ohm

Piezo Buzzer

Tools and machines

Laptop

Apps and platforms

Fritzing

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

Code for Digital Keyboard with Sound Output

cpp

Use this code in Arduino IDE.

1int notes[] = {262, 294, 330, 349};
2
3void setup() {
4  Serial.begin(9600);
5}
6
7void loop() {
8  int keyVal = analogRead(A0);
9  Serial.println(keyVal);
10
11  if (keyVal == 1023) {
12    tone(8, notes[0]);
13  } else if (keyVal >= 990 && keyVal <= 1010) {
14    tone(8, notes[1]);
15  } else if (keyVal >= 505 && keyVal <= 515) {
16    tone(8, notes[2]);
17  } else if (keyVal >= 5 && keyVal <= 10) {
18    tone(8, notes[3]);
19  } else {
20    noTone(8);
21  }
22}

int notes[] = {262, 294, 330, 349};

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int keyVal = analogRead(A0);
  Serial.println(keyVal);

  if (keyVal == 1023) {
    tone(8, notes[0]);
  } else if (keyVal >= 990 && keyVal <= 1010) {
    tone(8, notes[1]);
  } else if (keyVal >= 505 && keyVal <= 515) {
    tone(8, notes[2]);
  } else if (keyVal >= 5 && keyVal <= 10) {
    tone(8, notes[3]);
  } else {
    noTone(8);
  }
}

Downloadable files

Digital Keyboard with Sound Output using Arduino

Arduino Project - Rexhep Mustafovski .pdf

Documentation

Fritzing Circuit Diagram – Digital Keyboard with Arduino

Rexhep Mustafovski.png

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