Talking Clock

Using SD Card and 16x2 LCD module.

Jul 30, 2017

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8 respects

audio

clocks

Components and supplies

SD Socket

Resistor 2.21k ohm

Single Turn Potentiometer- 10k ohms

Arduino UNO

RGB Backlight LCD - 16x2

Pushbutton switch 12mm

Resistor 1k ohm

Speaker: 0.25W, 8 ohms

Capacitor 22 µF

General Purpose Transistor NPN

General Purpose Transistor PNP

Resistor 47.5k ohm

Project description

Code

Talking Clock

c_cpp

1/*
2 * sd_bell.ino
3 *
4 * Created: 5/06/2017 23:34:47
5 *  Author:  moty22.co.uk
6 */ 
7 
8#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
9
10    // initialize  the library with the numbers of the interface pins
11LiquidCrystal lcd(7, 8, A0,  A1, A2, A3);
12
13const int CS = 10;          // SD CS connected to digital pin  PD4
14const int mosi = 11;
15const int clk = 13;
16const int ampON = 9;          //  led connected to digital pin PB0
17const int audio = 6;     //output D6
18const  int oc2b = 3;     //1000Hz
19const int t1 = 5;     //1000Hz
20const int talk =  2;     //talk pushbutton
21const int minutes = A4;     //minutes advance pushbutton
22const  int hours = A5;     //hours pushbutton
23int talkPB=1;         // talk pushbutton  status
24int minutesPB=1;         // minutes pushbutton status
25int hoursPB=1;         // hours pushbutton status
26
27unsigned long loc,BootSector, RootDir,  SectorsPerFat, RootDirCluster, DataSector, FileCluster, FileSize;  //
28unsigned  int BytesPerSector, ReservedSectors, card;
29unsigned char fn=1, sdhc=0, SectorsPerCluster,  Fats;
30unsigned char minute=0, hour=0;
31
32void setup() {
33  // put your  setup code here, to run once:
34pinMode(CS, OUTPUT);
35pinMode(mosi, OUTPUT);
36pinMode(clk,  OUTPUT);
37pinMode(ampON, OUTPUT);
38pinMode(talk, INPUT_PULLUP);
39pinMode(minutes,  INPUT_PULLUP);
40pinMode(hours, INPUT_PULLUP);
41
42lcd.begin(16, 2);   // set  up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
43  
44  //spi init
45SPCR = _BV(SPE)  | _BV(MSTR) | _BV(SPR0) | _BV(SPR1);  // Enable spi, Master, set clock rate fck/64
46SPSR  = _BV(SPI2X);    //set clock rate fck/64 = 250KHz
47
48  //PWM Timer0
49OCR0A  = 0;
50TCCR0A = _BV(COM0A1) | _BV(WGM01) | _BV(WGM00);  //output in phase, fast  PWM mode
51TCCR0B = _BV(CS00); // 16MHz/256 = 62.5KHz
52pinMode(audio, OUTPUT);
53
54  //1000 Hz - timer2
55OCR2A =249;
56OCR2B = 125;  
57TCCR2A = _BV(COM2B1) |  _BV(COM2B0) | _BV(WGM21) | _BV(WGM20);  //output B in phase, fast PWM mode
58TCCR2B  = _BV(WGM22) | _BV(CS22); // set prescaler to 64 and start the timer
59pinMode(oc2b,  OUTPUT);
60
61    //60 sec - timer1
62// OCR1A = 0xEA5F;
63TCCR1A = _BV(WGM10)  | _BV(WGM11) | _BV(COM1A0); //   
64TCCR1B = _BV(WGM12) | _BV(WGM13) | _BV(CS11)  | _BV(CS12);  // input T1, PWM mode
65
66digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);  
67//digitalWrite(ampON,  LOW); 
68
69
70  InitSD();
71  if(sdhc){card = 1;}else{card=512;}  //SD or SDHC
72  fat();
73  if(BytesPerSector!=512){error();}
74
75}
76
77
78void loop()
79{
80   
81   talkPB=digitalRead(talk);
82   if(talkPB==LOW)
83   {        
84            //read  hours
85        if(hour < 21) {fn=hour; play();}
86        else if(hour == 20)  {fn=20; play();}
87        else if(hour > 20) {fn=20; play(); fn=hour-20; play();}
88        fn=24; play();     //read "hours"      
89
90          //read minutes
91        if(minute < 21) {fn=minute; play();}
92        else if(minute == 20) {fn=20;  play();}
93        else if(minute > 20 && minute < 30) {fn=20; play(); fn=minute-20;  play();}
94        else if(minute == 30) {fn=21; play();}
95        else if(minute  > 30 && minute < 40) {fn=21; play(); fn=minute-30; play();}
96        else if(minute  == 40) {fn=22; play();}
97        else if(minute > 40 && minute < 50) {fn=22; play();  fn=minute-40; play();}
98        else if(minute == 50) {fn=23; play();}
99        else  if(minute > 50 && minute < 60) {fn=23; play(); fn=minute-50; play();}
100        fn=25;  play();    //read "minutes"
101        fn=26; play();    //read message
102        OCR0A=0;    //audio off
103        
104   }
105
106   minutesPB=digitalRead(minutes);
107   if(minutesPB==LOW)
108   {   
109     minute++;
110     if(minute>59) {minute=0;}
111     display();
112     wait();
113   }
114
115   hoursPB=digitalRead(hours);
116   if(hoursPB==LOW)
117   {   
118     hour++;
119     if(hour>23) {hour=0;} 
120     display();
121     wait();
122   }
123   
124   if(TIFR1 & _BV(OCF1A))   //1  minute elapsed
125     {
126      OCR1A = 0xEA5F;  //59999 counts = 1 minute
127      TIFR1 = _BV(OCF1A);  //TMR1 interrupt reset
128 
129      minute++;
130      if(minute>59)  {minute=0; hour++;}
131      if(hour>23) hour=0;
132      display();
133
134    }
135}
136
137    //find the file and play it
138 void play(void)
139  {
140    if(!sdhc){fn +=  1;}  //if not SDHC first file = 1
141    if(fn > 15)
142    {
143      fn -=16;  file(fn*32+20,1);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at offset of 20
144    }
145    else
146    {
147      file(fn*32+20,0);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at  offset of 20
148    }
149    loc=(1 + (DataSector) + (unsigned long)(FileCluster-2)  * SectorsPerCluster) * card ;
150    ReadSD();
151  }
152  
153    //LCD update
154  void display(void)
155  {
156      lcd.setCursor(5, 0); // top left
157      if(hour<10)lcd.print("  ");
158      lcd.print(hour);
159      lcd.print(":");
160      if(minute<10)lcd.print("0");
161      lcd.print(minute);
162  }
163  
164    //SD error display
165 void error(void)
166  {
167    lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // bottom left
168    lcd.print("SD ERROR");
169    lcd.setCursor(0, 0); // top left
170  }
171  
172    //1 sec delay
173  void  wait(void)
174  {
175    unsigned long i; //,j
176    for(i=0;i<100000;i++)
177    {
178    digitalWrite(ampON, LOW);
179    }   
180  }
181
182 void ReadSD(void)
183  {
184    unsigned int i,r;
185    unsigned char read_data;
186    digitalWrite(CS,  LOW);
187    r = Command(18,loc,0xFF); //read multi-sector
188    if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed error();
189    
190    while(FileSize--)
191    {
192      while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFE); // wait for first byte
193      for(i=0;i<512;i++){
194          // 3 rounds of timer 0 = total of time to get 22 khz 
195        while  (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
196        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset
197        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
198        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0  interrupt reset
199        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
200        
201        OCR0A=spi(0xFF);    //write byte to PWM
202        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset
203    }
204      spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
205      spi(0xFF);
206     }
207    
208    Command(12,0x00,0xFF);  //stop transmit
209    spi(0xFF);
210    spi(0xFF);
211    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
212    spi(0xFF);
213  }
214
215void file(unsigned int  offset, unsigned char sect)  //find files
216{
217  unsigned int r,i;
218  unsigned  char fc[4], fs[4]; //
219  
220  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
221  r = Command(17,(RootDir+sect)*card,0xFF);   //read boot-sector for info from file entry
222  if(r != 0) error();     //if  command failed
223  
224  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
225  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
226    if(i==offset){fc[2]=spi(0xFF);} 
227    else if(i==offset+1){fc[3]=spi(0xFF);}
228    else if(i==offset+6){fc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
229    else if(i==offset+7){fc[1]=spi(0xFF);}
230    
231    else if(i==offset+8){fs[0]=spi(0xFF);}
232    else if(i==offset+9){fs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
233    else if(i==offset+10){fs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
234    else if(i==offset+11){fs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
235    else{spi(0xFF);}
236    
237  }
238  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
239  spi(0xFF);
240  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
241  spi(0xFF);
242  FileCluster = fc[0] | ( (unsigned  long)fc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[3] << 24  );
243  FileSize = fs[0] | ( (unsigned long)fs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[2]  << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[3] << 24 );
244  FileSize = FileSize/512-1;    //file  size in sectors
245}
246
247void fat (void)
248{
249  unsigned int r,i;
250  unsigned  char pfs[4],bps1,bps2,rs1,rs2,spf[4],rdc[4]; //pfs=partition first sector ,de1,de2,spf1,d[7]
251  
252  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
253  r = Command(17,0,0xFF);   //read MBR-sector
254  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
255  
256  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe);  // wait for first byte
257  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
258    if(i==454){pfs[0]=spi(0xFF);}  //pfs=partition first sector
259    else if(i==455){pfs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
260    else  if(i==456){pfs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
261    else if(i==457){pfs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
262    else{spi(0xFF);}
263    
264  }
265  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
266  spi(0xFF);
267  digitalWrite(CS,  HIGH);
268  spi(0xFF);
269  //convert 4 bytes to long int
270  BootSector = pfs[0]  | ( (unsigned long)pfs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)pfs[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned  long)pfs[3] << 24 );
271  
272  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
273  r = Command(17,BootSector*card,0xFF);   //read boot-sector
274  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
275  
276  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
277  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
278    
279    if(i==11){bps1=spi(0xFF);} //bytes per sector
280    else if(i==12){bps2=spi(0xFF);}
281    else if(i==13){SectorsPerCluster=spi(0xFF);}
282    else if(i==14){rs1=spi(0xFF);}
283    else if(i==15){rs2=spi(0xFF);}
284    else if(i==16){Fats=spi(0xFF);} //number  of FATs
285    else if(i==36){spf[0]=spi(0xFF);}
286    else if(i==37){spf[1]=spi(0xFF);}
287    else if(i==38){spf[2]=spi(0xFF);}
288    else if(i==39){spf[3]=spi(0xFF);}
289    else if(i==44){rdc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
290    else if(i==45){rdc[1]=spi(0xFF);}
291    else if(i==46){rdc[2]=spi(0xFF);}
292    else if(i==47){rdc[3]=spi(0xFF);}
293    else{spi(0xFF);}
294    
295  }
296  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
297  spi(0xFF);
298  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
299  spi(0xFF);   
300  
301  BytesPerSector = bps1 |  ( (unsigned int)bps2 << 8 );
302  ReservedSectors = rs1 | ( (unsigned int)rs2 <<  8 ); //from partition start to first FAT
303  RootDirCluster = rdc[0] | ( (unsigned  long)rdc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[3] <<  24 );
304  SectorsPerFat = spf[0] | ( (unsigned long)spf[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned  long)spf[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)spf[3] << 24 );
305  DataSector = BootSector  + (unsigned long)Fats * (unsigned long)SectorsPerFat + (unsigned long)ReservedSectors;  // + 1  
306  RootDir = (RootDirCluster -2) * (unsigned long)SectorsPerCluster  + DataSector;
307}  
308
309unsigned char spi(unsigned char data)   // send character  over spi
310{
311  SPDR = data;  // Start transmission
312  while(!(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)));   // Wait for transmission to complete
313  return SPDR;    // received byte
314
315}
316      //assemble a 32 bits command
317char Command(unsigned char frame1, unsigned  long adrs, unsigned char frame2 )
318{
319  unsigned char i, res;
320  spi(0xFF);
321  spi((frame1 | 0x40) & 0x7F);  //first 2 bits are 01
322  spi((adrs & 0xFF000000)  >> 24);   //first of the 4 bytes address
323  spi((adrs & 0x00FF0000) >> 16);
324  spi((adrs & 0x0000FF00) >> 8);
325  spi(adrs & 0x000000FF);
326  spi(frame2 |  1);        //CRC and last bit 1
327
328  for(i=0;i<10;i++) // wait for received  character
329  {
330    res = spi(0xFF);
331    if(res != 0xFF)break;
332  }
333  return res;
334}
335
336void InitSD(void)
337{
338  unsigned char i,r[4];
339  
340  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
341  for(i=0; i < 10; i++)spi(0xFF);   // min 74  clocks
342  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);      // Enabled for spi mode
343  
344  i=100;  //try idle state for up to 100 times
345  while(Command(0x00,0,0x95) !=1 && i!=0)
346  {
347    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
348    spi(0xFF);
349    digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
350    i--;
351  }
352  if(i==0)  error(); //idle failed
353  
354  if (Command(8,0x01AA,0x87)==1){         //check card is 3.3V
355    r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R7
356    if ( r[2] == 0x01 && r[3] == 0xAA ){    //Vdd  OK (3.3V)
357      
358      //Command(59,0,0xFF);   //CRC off
359      Command(55,0,0xFF);
360      while(Command(41,0x40000000,0xFF)){Command(55,0,0xFF);}   //ACMD41 with HCS  bit
361    }
362    }else{error();}
363    
364    if (Command(58,0,0xFF)==0){   //read  CCS in the OCR - SD or SDHC
365      r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R3
366      sdhc=r[0] & 0x40;
367      //if(r[0] & 0x40)sdLED=1;
368    }
369    SPCR &= ~(_BV(SPR1));  // set clock rate fck/8 = 2MHz
370    digitalWrite(CS,  HIGH);
371}
372
373

/*
 * sd_bell.ino
 *
 * Created: 5/06/2017 23:34:47
 *  Author:  moty22.co.uk
 */ 
 
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

    // initialize  the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(7, 8, A0,  A1, A2, A3);

const int CS = 10;          // SD CS connected to digital pin  PD4
const int mosi = 11;
const int clk = 13;
const int ampON = 9;          //  led connected to digital pin PB0
const int audio = 6;     //output D6
const  int oc2b = 3;     //1000Hz
const int t1 = 5;     //1000Hz
const int talk =  2;     //talk pushbutton
const int minutes = A4;     //minutes advance pushbutton
const  int hours = A5;     //hours pushbutton
int talkPB=1;         // talk pushbutton  status
int minutesPB=1;         // minutes pushbutton status
int hoursPB=1;         // hours pushbutton status

unsigned long loc,BootSector, RootDir,  SectorsPerFat, RootDirCluster, DataSector, FileCluster, FileSize;  //
unsigned  int BytesPerSector, ReservedSectors, card;
unsigned char fn=1, sdhc=0, SectorsPerCluster,  Fats;
unsigned char minute=0, hour=0;

void setup() {
  // put your  setup code here, to run once:
pinMode(CS, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mosi, OUTPUT);
pinMode(clk,  OUTPUT);
pinMode(ampON, OUTPUT);
pinMode(talk, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(minutes,  INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(hours, INPUT_PULLUP);

lcd.begin(16, 2);   // set  up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  
  //spi init
SPCR = _BV(SPE)  | _BV(MSTR) | _BV(SPR0) | _BV(SPR1);  // Enable spi, Master, set clock rate fck/64
SPSR  = _BV(SPI2X);    //set clock rate fck/64 = 250KHz

  //PWM Timer0
OCR0A  = 0;
TCCR0A = _BV(COM0A1) | _BV(WGM01) | _BV(WGM00);  //output in phase, fast  PWM mode
TCCR0B = _BV(CS00); // 16MHz/256 = 62.5KHz
pinMode(audio, OUTPUT);

  //1000 Hz - timer2
OCR2A =249;
OCR2B = 125;  
TCCR2A = _BV(COM2B1) |  _BV(COM2B0) | _BV(WGM21) | _BV(WGM20);  //output B in phase, fast PWM mode
TCCR2B  = _BV(WGM22) | _BV(CS22); // set prescaler to 64 and start the timer
pinMode(oc2b,  OUTPUT);

    //60 sec - timer1
// OCR1A = 0xEA5F;
TCCR1A = _BV(WGM10)  | _BV(WGM11) | _BV(COM1A0); //   
TCCR1B = _BV(WGM12) | _BV(WGM13) | _BV(CS11)  | _BV(CS12);  // input T1, PWM mode

digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);  
//digitalWrite(ampON,  LOW); 


  InitSD();
  if(sdhc){card = 1;}else{card=512;}  //SD or SDHC
  fat();
  if(BytesPerSector!=512){error();}

}


void loop()
{
   
   talkPB=digitalRead(talk);
   if(talkPB==LOW)
   {        
            //read  hours
        if(hour < 21) {fn=hour; play();}
        else if(hour == 20)  {fn=20; play();}
        else if(hour > 20) {fn=20; play(); fn=hour-20; play();}
        fn=24; play();     //read "hours"      

          //read minutes
        if(minute < 21) {fn=minute; play();}
        else if(minute == 20) {fn=20;  play();}
        else if(minute > 20 && minute < 30) {fn=20; play(); fn=minute-20;  play();}
        else if(minute == 30) {fn=21; play();}
        else if(minute  > 30 && minute < 40) {fn=21; play(); fn=minute-30; play();}
        else if(minute  == 40) {fn=22; play();}
        else if(minute > 40 && minute < 50) {fn=22; play();  fn=minute-40; play();}
        else if(minute == 50) {fn=23; play();}
        else  if(minute > 50 && minute < 60) {fn=23; play(); fn=minute-50; play();}
        fn=25;  play();    //read "minutes"
        fn=26; play();    //read message
        OCR0A=0;    //audio off
        
   }

   minutesPB=digitalRead(minutes);
   if(minutesPB==LOW)
   {   
     minute++;
     if(minute>59) {minute=0;}
     display();
     wait();
   }

   hoursPB=digitalRead(hours);
   if(hoursPB==LOW)
   {   
     hour++;
     if(hour>23) {hour=0;} 
     display();
     wait();
   }
   
   if(TIFR1 & _BV(OCF1A))   //1  minute elapsed
     {
      OCR1A = 0xEA5F;  //59999 counts = 1 minute
      TIFR1 = _BV(OCF1A);  //TMR1 interrupt reset
 
      minute++;
      if(minute>59)  {minute=0; hour++;}
      if(hour>23) hour=0;
      display();

    }
}

    //find the file and play it
 void play(void)
  {
    if(!sdhc){fn +=  1;}  //if not SDHC first file = 1
    if(fn > 15)
    {
      fn -=16;  file(fn*32+20,1);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at offset of 20
    }
    else
    {
      file(fn*32+20,0);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at  offset of 20
    }
    loc=(1 + (DataSector) + (unsigned long)(FileCluster-2)  * SectorsPerCluster) * card ;
    ReadSD();
  }
  
    //LCD update
  void display(void)
  {
      lcd.setCursor(5, 0); // top left
      if(hour<10)lcd.print("  ");
      lcd.print(hour);
      lcd.print(":");
      if(minute<10)lcd.print("0");
      lcd.print(minute);
  }
  
    //SD error display
 void error(void)
  {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // bottom left
    lcd.print("SD ERROR");
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0); // top left
  }
  
    //1 sec delay
  void  wait(void)
  {
    unsigned long i; //,j
    for(i=0;i<100000;i++)
    {
    digitalWrite(ampON, LOW);
    }   
  }

 void ReadSD(void)
  {
    unsigned int i,r;
    unsigned char read_data;
    digitalWrite(CS,  LOW);
    r = Command(18,loc,0xFF); //read multi-sector
    if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed error();
    
    while(FileSize--)
    {
      while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFE); // wait for first byte
      for(i=0;i<512;i++){
          // 3 rounds of timer 0 = total of time to get 22 khz 
        while  (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset
        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0  interrupt reset
        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
        
        OCR0A=spi(0xFF);    //write byte to PWM
        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset
    }
      spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
      spi(0xFF);
     }
    
    Command(12,0x00,0xFF);  //stop transmit
    spi(0xFF);
    spi(0xFF);
    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
    spi(0xFF);
  }

void file(unsigned int  offset, unsigned char sect)  //find files
{
  unsigned int r,i;
  unsigned  char fc[4], fs[4]; //
  
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
  r = Command(17,(RootDir+sect)*card,0xFF);   //read boot-sector for info from file entry
  if(r != 0) error();     //if  command failed
  
  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
    if(i==offset){fc[2]=spi(0xFF);} 
    else if(i==offset+1){fc[3]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+6){fc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+7){fc[1]=spi(0xFF);}
    
    else if(i==offset+8){fs[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+9){fs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+10){fs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+11){fs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
    else{spi(0xFF);}
    
  }
  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
  spi(0xFF);
  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
  spi(0xFF);
  FileCluster = fc[0] | ( (unsigned  long)fc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[3] << 24  );
  FileSize = fs[0] | ( (unsigned long)fs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[2]  << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[3] << 24 );
  FileSize = FileSize/512-1;    //file  size in sectors
}

void fat (void)
{
  unsigned int r,i;
  unsigned  char pfs[4],bps1,bps2,rs1,rs2,spf[4],rdc[4]; //pfs=partition first sector ,de1,de2,spf1,d[7]
  
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
  r = Command(17,0,0xFF);   //read MBR-sector
  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
  
  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe);  // wait for first byte
  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
    if(i==454){pfs[0]=spi(0xFF);}  //pfs=partition first sector
    else if(i==455){pfs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
    else  if(i==456){pfs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==457){pfs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
    else{spi(0xFF);}
    
  }
  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
  spi(0xFF);
  digitalWrite(CS,  HIGH);
  spi(0xFF);
  //convert 4 bytes to long int
  BootSector = pfs[0]  | ( (unsigned long)pfs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)pfs[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned  long)pfs[3] << 24 );
  
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
  r = Command(17,BootSector*card,0xFF);   //read boot-sector
  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
  
  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
    
    if(i==11){bps1=spi(0xFF);} //bytes per sector
    else if(i==12){bps2=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==13){SectorsPerCluster=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==14){rs1=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==15){rs2=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==16){Fats=spi(0xFF);} //number  of FATs
    else if(i==36){spf[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==37){spf[1]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==38){spf[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==39){spf[3]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==44){rdc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==45){rdc[1]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==46){rdc[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==47){rdc[3]=spi(0xFF);}
    else{spi(0xFF);}
    
  }
  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
  spi(0xFF);
  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
  spi(0xFF);   
  
  BytesPerSector = bps1 |  ( (unsigned int)bps2 << 8 );
  ReservedSectors = rs1 | ( (unsigned int)rs2 <<  8 ); //from partition start to first FAT
  RootDirCluster = rdc[0] | ( (unsigned  long)rdc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[3] <<  24 );
  SectorsPerFat = spf[0] | ( (unsigned long)spf[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned  long)spf[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)spf[3] << 24 );
  DataSector = BootSector  + (unsigned long)Fats * (unsigned long)SectorsPerFat + (unsigned long)ReservedSectors;  // + 1  
  RootDir = (RootDirCluster -2) * (unsigned long)SectorsPerCluster  + DataSector;
}  

unsigned char spi(unsigned char data)   // send character  over spi
{
  SPDR = data;  // Start transmission
  while(!(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)));   // Wait for transmission to complete
  return SPDR;    // received byte

}
      //assemble a 32 bits command
char Command(unsigned char frame1, unsigned  long adrs, unsigned char frame2 )
{
  unsigned char i, res;
  spi(0xFF);
  spi((frame1 | 0x40) & 0x7F);  //first 2 bits are 01
  spi((adrs & 0xFF000000)  >> 24);   //first of the 4 bytes address
  spi((adrs & 0x00FF0000) >> 16);
  spi((adrs & 0x0000FF00) >> 8);
  spi(adrs & 0x000000FF);
  spi(frame2 |  1);        //CRC and last bit 1

  for(i=0;i<10;i++) // wait for received  character
  {
    res = spi(0xFF);
    if(res != 0xFF)break;
  }
  return res;
}

void InitSD(void)
{
  unsigned char i,r[4];
  
  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
  for(i=0; i < 10; i++)spi(0xFF);   // min 74  clocks
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);      // Enabled for spi mode
  
  i=100;  //try idle state for up to 100 times
  while(Command(0x00,0,0x95) !=1 && i!=0)
  {
    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
    spi(0xFF);
    digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
    i--;
  }
  if(i==0)  error(); //idle failed
  
  if (Command(8,0x01AA,0x87)==1){         //check card is 3.3V
    r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R7
    if ( r[2] == 0x01 && r[3] == 0xAA ){    //Vdd  OK (3.3V)
      
      //Command(59,0,0xFF);   //CRC off
      Command(55,0,0xFF);
      while(Command(41,0x40000000,0xFF)){Command(55,0,0xFF);}   //ACMD41 with HCS  bit
    }
    }else{error();}
    
    if (Command(58,0,0xFF)==0){   //read  CCS in the OCR - SD or SDHC
      r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R3
      sdhc=r[0] & 0x40;
      //if(r[0] & 0x40)sdLED=1;
    }
    SPCR &= ~(_BV(SPR1));  // set clock rate fck/8 = 2MHz
    digitalWrite(CS,  HIGH);
}

Talking Clock

c_cpp

1/*
2 * sd_bell.ino
3 *
4 * Created: 5/06/2017 23:34:47
5 *  Author:
6  moty22.co.uk
7 */ 
8 
9#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
10
11    // initialize
12  the library with the numbers of the interface pins
13LiquidCrystal lcd(7, 8, A0,
14  A1, A2, A3);
15
16const int CS = 10;          // SD CS connected to digital pin
17  PD4
18const int mosi = 11;
19const int clk = 13;
20const int ampON = 9;          //
21  led connected to digital pin PB0
22const int audio = 6;     //output D6
23const
24  int oc2b = 3;     //1000Hz
25const int t1 = 5;     //1000Hz
26const int talk =
27  2;     //talk pushbutton
28const int minutes = A4;     //minutes advance pushbutton
29const
30  int hours = A5;     //hours pushbutton
31int talkPB=1;         // talk pushbutton
32  status
33int minutesPB=1;         // minutes pushbutton status
34int hoursPB=1;
35         // hours pushbutton status
36
37unsigned long loc,BootSector, RootDir,
38  SectorsPerFat, RootDirCluster, DataSector, FileCluster, FileSize;  //
39unsigned
40  int BytesPerSector, ReservedSectors, card;
41unsigned char fn=1, sdhc=0, SectorsPerCluster,
42  Fats;
43unsigned char minute=0, hour=0;
44
45void setup() {
46  // put your
47  setup code here, to run once:
48pinMode(CS, OUTPUT);
49pinMode(mosi, OUTPUT);
50pinMode(clk,
51  OUTPUT);
52pinMode(ampON, OUTPUT);
53pinMode(talk, INPUT_PULLUP);
54pinMode(minutes,
55  INPUT_PULLUP);
56pinMode(hours, INPUT_PULLUP);
57
58lcd.begin(16, 2);   // set
59  up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
60  
61  //spi init
62SPCR = _BV(SPE)
63  | _BV(MSTR) | _BV(SPR0) | _BV(SPR1);  // Enable spi, Master, set clock rate fck/64
64SPSR
65  = _BV(SPI2X);    //set clock rate fck/64 = 250KHz
66
67  //PWM Timer0
68OCR0A
69  = 0;
70TCCR0A = _BV(COM0A1) | _BV(WGM01) | _BV(WGM00);  //output in phase, fast
71  PWM mode
72TCCR0B = _BV(CS00); // 16MHz/256 = 62.5KHz
73pinMode(audio, OUTPUT);
74
75
76  //1000 Hz - timer2
77OCR2A =249;
78OCR2B = 125;  
79TCCR2A = _BV(COM2B1) |
80  _BV(COM2B0) | _BV(WGM21) | _BV(WGM20);  //output B in phase, fast PWM mode
81TCCR2B
82  = _BV(WGM22) | _BV(CS22); // set prescaler to 64 and start the timer
83pinMode(oc2b,
84  OUTPUT);
85
86    //60 sec - timer1
87// OCR1A = 0xEA5F;
88TCCR1A = _BV(WGM10)
89  | _BV(WGM11) | _BV(COM1A0); //   
90TCCR1B = _BV(WGM12) | _BV(WGM13) | _BV(CS11)
91  | _BV(CS12);  // input T1, PWM mode
92
93digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);  
94//digitalWrite(ampON,
95  LOW); 
96
97
98  InitSD();
99  if(sdhc){card = 1;}else{card=512;}  //SD or SDHC
100
101  fat();
102  if(BytesPerSector!=512){error();}
103
104}
105
106
107void loop()
108{
109
110   
111   talkPB=digitalRead(talk);
112   if(talkPB==LOW)
113   {        
114            //read
115  hours
116        if(hour < 21) {fn=hour; play();}
117        else if(hour == 20)
118  {fn=20; play();}
119        else if(hour > 20) {fn=20; play(); fn=hour-20; play();}
120
121        fn=24; play();     //read "hours"      
122
123          //read minutes
124
125        if(minute < 21) {fn=minute; play();}
126        else if(minute == 20) {fn=20;
127  play();}
128        else if(minute > 20 && minute < 30) {fn=20; play(); fn=minute-20;
129  play();}
130        else if(minute == 30) {fn=21; play();}
131        else if(minute
132  > 30 && minute < 40) {fn=21; play(); fn=minute-30; play();}
133        else if(minute
134  == 40) {fn=22; play();}
135        else if(minute > 40 && minute < 50) {fn=22; play();
136  fn=minute-40; play();}
137        else if(minute == 50) {fn=23; play();}
138        else
139  if(minute > 50 && minute < 60) {fn=23; play(); fn=minute-50; play();}
140        fn=25;
141  play();    //read "minutes"
142        fn=26; play();    //read message
143        OCR0A=0;
144    //audio off
145        
146   }
147
148   minutesPB=digitalRead(minutes);
149
150   if(minutesPB==LOW)
151   {   
152     minute++;
153     if(minute>59) {minute=0;}
154
155     display();
156     wait();
157   }
158
159   hoursPB=digitalRead(hours);
160
161   if(hoursPB==LOW)
162   {   
163     hour++;
164     if(hour>23) {hour=0;} 
165
166     display();
167     wait();
168   }
169   
170   if(TIFR1 & _BV(OCF1A))   //1
171  minute elapsed
172     {
173      OCR1A = 0xEA5F;  //59999 counts = 1 minute
174
175      TIFR1 = _BV(OCF1A);  //TMR1 interrupt reset
176 
177      minute++;
178      if(minute>59)
179  {minute=0; hour++;}
180      if(hour>23) hour=0;
181      display();
182
183    }
184}
185
186
187    //find the file and play it
188 void play(void)
189  {
190    if(!sdhc){fn +=
191  1;}  //if not SDHC first file = 1
192    if(fn > 15)
193    {
194      fn -=16;
195  file(fn*32+20,1);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at offset of 20
196    }
197
198    else
199    {
200      file(fn*32+20,0);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at
201  offset of 20
202    }
203    loc=(1 + (DataSector) + (unsigned long)(FileCluster-2)
204  * SectorsPerCluster) * card ;
205    ReadSD();
206  }
207  
208    //LCD update
209
210  void display(void)
211  {
212      lcd.setCursor(5, 0); // top left
213      if(hour<10)lcd.print("
214  ");
215      lcd.print(hour);
216      lcd.print(":");
217      if(minute<10)lcd.print("0");
218
219      lcd.print(minute);
220  }
221  
222    //SD error display
223 void error(void)
224
225  {
226    lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // bottom left
227    lcd.print("SD ERROR");
228
229    lcd.setCursor(0, 0); // top left
230  }
231  
232    //1 sec delay
233  void
234  wait(void)
235  {
236    unsigned long i; //,j
237    for(i=0;i<100000;i++)
238
239    {
240    digitalWrite(ampON, LOW);
241    }   
242  }
243
244 void ReadSD(void)
245
246  {
247    unsigned int i,r;
248    unsigned char read_data;
249    digitalWrite(CS,
250  LOW);
251    r = Command(18,loc,0xFF); //read multi-sector
252    if(r != 0) error();
253     //if command failed error();
254    
255    while(FileSize--)
256    {
257
258      while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFE); // wait for first byte
259      for(i=0;i<512;i++){
260
261          // 3 rounds of timer 0 = total of time to get 22 khz 
262        while
263  (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
264        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset
265
266        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
267        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0
268  interrupt reset
269        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
270        
271        OCR0A=spi(0xFF);
272    //write byte to PWM
273        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset
274
275    }
276      spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
277      spi(0xFF);
278     }
279    
280
281    Command(12,0x00,0xFF);  //stop transmit
282    spi(0xFF);
283    spi(0xFF);
284
285    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
286    spi(0xFF);
287  }
288
289void file(unsigned int
290  offset, unsigned char sect)  //find files
291{
292  unsigned int r,i;
293  unsigned
294  char fc[4], fs[4]; //
295  
296  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
297  r = Command(17,(RootDir+sect)*card,0xFF);
298   //read boot-sector for info from file entry
299  if(r != 0) error();     //if
300  command failed
301  
302  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
303  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
304
305    if(i==offset){fc[2]=spi(0xFF);} 
306    else if(i==offset+1){fc[3]=spi(0xFF);}
307
308    else if(i==offset+6){fc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
309    else if(i==offset+7){fc[1]=spi(0xFF);}
310
311    
312    else if(i==offset+8){fs[0]=spi(0xFF);}
313    else if(i==offset+9){fs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
314
315    else if(i==offset+10){fs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
316    else if(i==offset+11){fs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
317
318    else{spi(0xFF);}
319    
320  }
321  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
322  spi(0xFF);
323
324  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
325  spi(0xFF);
326  FileCluster = fc[0] | ( (unsigned
327  long)fc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[3] << 24
328  );
329  FileSize = fs[0] | ( (unsigned long)fs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[2]
330  << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[3] << 24 );
331  FileSize = FileSize/512-1;    //file
332  size in sectors
333}
334
335void fat (void)
336{
337  unsigned int r,i;
338  unsigned
339  char pfs[4],bps1,bps2,rs1,rs2,spf[4],rdc[4]; //pfs=partition first sector ,de1,de2,spf1,d[7]
340
341  
342  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
343  r = Command(17,0,0xFF);   //read MBR-sector
344
345  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
346  
347  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe);
348  // wait for first byte
349  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
350    if(i==454){pfs[0]=spi(0xFF);}
351  //pfs=partition first sector
352    else if(i==455){pfs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
353    else
354  if(i==456){pfs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
355    else if(i==457){pfs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
356    else{spi(0xFF);}
357
358    
359  }
360  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
361  spi(0xFF);
362  digitalWrite(CS,
363  HIGH);
364  spi(0xFF);
365  //convert 4 bytes to long int
366  BootSector = pfs[0]
367  | ( (unsigned long)pfs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)pfs[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned
368  long)pfs[3] << 24 );
369  
370  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
371  r = Command(17,BootSector*card,0xFF);
372   //read boot-sector
373  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
374  
375
376  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
377  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
378
379    
380    if(i==11){bps1=spi(0xFF);} //bytes per sector
381    else if(i==12){bps2=spi(0xFF);}
382
383    else if(i==13){SectorsPerCluster=spi(0xFF);}
384    else if(i==14){rs1=spi(0xFF);}
385
386    else if(i==15){rs2=spi(0xFF);}
387    else if(i==16){Fats=spi(0xFF);} //number
388  of FATs
389    else if(i==36){spf[0]=spi(0xFF);}
390    else if(i==37){spf[1]=spi(0xFF);}
391
392    else if(i==38){spf[2]=spi(0xFF);}
393    else if(i==39){spf[3]=spi(0xFF);}
394
395    else if(i==44){rdc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
396    else if(i==45){rdc[1]=spi(0xFF);}
397
398    else if(i==46){rdc[2]=spi(0xFF);}
399    else if(i==47){rdc[3]=spi(0xFF);}
400
401    else{spi(0xFF);}
402    
403  }
404  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
405  spi(0xFF);
406
407  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
408  spi(0xFF);   
409  
410  BytesPerSector = bps1 |
411  ( (unsigned int)bps2 << 8 );
412  ReservedSectors = rs1 | ( (unsigned int)rs2 <<
413  8 ); //from partition start to first FAT
414  RootDirCluster = rdc[0] | ( (unsigned
415  long)rdc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[3] <<
416  24 );
417  SectorsPerFat = spf[0] | ( (unsigned long)spf[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned
418  long)spf[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)spf[3] << 24 );
419  DataSector = BootSector
420  + (unsigned long)Fats * (unsigned long)SectorsPerFat + (unsigned long)ReservedSectors;
421  // + 1  
422  RootDir = (RootDirCluster -2) * (unsigned long)SectorsPerCluster
423  + DataSector;
424}  
425
426unsigned char spi(unsigned char data)   // send character
427  over spi
428{
429  SPDR = data;  // Start transmission
430  while(!(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)));
431   // Wait for transmission to complete
432  return SPDR;    // received byte
433
434}
435
436      //assemble a 32 bits command
437char Command(unsigned char frame1, unsigned
438  long adrs, unsigned char frame2 )
439{
440  unsigned char i, res;
441  spi(0xFF);
442
443  spi((frame1 | 0x40) & 0x7F);  //first 2 bits are 01
444  spi((adrs & 0xFF000000)
445  >> 24);   //first of the 4 bytes address
446  spi((adrs & 0x00FF0000) >> 16);
447
448  spi((adrs & 0x0000FF00) >> 8);
449  spi(adrs & 0x000000FF);
450  spi(frame2 |
451  1);        //CRC and last bit 1
452
453  for(i=0;i<10;i++) // wait for received
454  character
455  {
456    res = spi(0xFF);
457    if(res != 0xFF)break;
458  }
459
460  return res;
461}
462
463void InitSD(void)
464{
465  unsigned char i,r[4];
466
467  
468  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
469  for(i=0; i < 10; i++)spi(0xFF);   // min 74
470  clocks
471  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);      // Enabled for spi mode
472  
473  i=100;
474  //try idle state for up to 100 times
475  while(Command(0x00,0,0x95) !=1 && i!=0)
476
477  {
478    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
479    spi(0xFF);
480    digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
481
482    i--;
483  }
484  if(i==0)  error(); //idle failed
485  
486  if (Command(8,0x01AA,0x87)==1){
487         //check card is 3.3V
488    r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);
489  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R7
490    if ( r[2] == 0x01 && r[3] == 0xAA ){    //Vdd
491  OK (3.3V)
492      
493      //Command(59,0,0xFF);   //CRC off
494      Command(55,0,0xFF);
495
496      while(Command(41,0x40000000,0xFF)){Command(55,0,0xFF);}   //ACMD41 with HCS
497  bit
498    }
499    }else{error();}
500    
501    if (Command(58,0,0xFF)==0){   //read
502  CCS in the OCR - SD or SDHC
503      r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);
504  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R3
505      sdhc=r[0] & 0x40;
506      //if(r[0] & 0x40)sdLED=1;
507
508    }
509    SPCR &= ~(_BV(SPR1));  // set clock rate fck/8 = 2MHz
510    digitalWrite(CS,
511  HIGH);
512}
513
514

/*
 * sd_bell.ino
 *
 * Created: 5/06/2017 23:34:47
 *  Author:
  moty22.co.uk
 */ 
 
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

    // initialize
  the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(7, 8, A0,
  A1, A2, A3);

const int CS = 10;          // SD CS connected to digital pin
  PD4
const int mosi = 11;
const int clk = 13;
const int ampON = 9;          //
  led connected to digital pin PB0
const int audio = 6;     //output D6
const
  int oc2b = 3;     //1000Hz
const int t1 = 5;     //1000Hz
const int talk =
  2;     //talk pushbutton
const int minutes = A4;     //minutes advance pushbutton
const
  int hours = A5;     //hours pushbutton
int talkPB=1;         // talk pushbutton
  status
int minutesPB=1;         // minutes pushbutton status
int hoursPB=1;
         // hours pushbutton status

unsigned long loc,BootSector, RootDir,
  SectorsPerFat, RootDirCluster, DataSector, FileCluster, FileSize;  //
unsigned
  int BytesPerSector, ReservedSectors, card;
unsigned char fn=1, sdhc=0, SectorsPerCluster,
  Fats;
unsigned char minute=0, hour=0;

void setup() {
  // put your
  setup code here, to run once:
pinMode(CS, OUTPUT);
pinMode(mosi, OUTPUT);
pinMode(clk,
  OUTPUT);
pinMode(ampON, OUTPUT);
pinMode(talk, INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(minutes,
  INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(hours, INPUT_PULLUP);

lcd.begin(16, 2);   // set
  up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
  
  //spi init
SPCR = _BV(SPE)
  | _BV(MSTR) | _BV(SPR0) | _BV(SPR1);  // Enable spi, Master, set clock rate fck/64
SPSR
  = _BV(SPI2X);    //set clock rate fck/64 = 250KHz

  //PWM Timer0
OCR0A
  = 0;
TCCR0A = _BV(COM0A1) | _BV(WGM01) | _BV(WGM00);  //output in phase, fast
  PWM mode
TCCR0B = _BV(CS00); // 16MHz/256 = 62.5KHz
pinMode(audio, OUTPUT);


  //1000 Hz - timer2
OCR2A =249;
OCR2B = 125;  
TCCR2A = _BV(COM2B1) |
  _BV(COM2B0) | _BV(WGM21) | _BV(WGM20);  //output B in phase, fast PWM mode
TCCR2B
  = _BV(WGM22) | _BV(CS22); // set prescaler to 64 and start the timer
pinMode(oc2b,
  OUTPUT);

    //60 sec - timer1
// OCR1A = 0xEA5F;
TCCR1A = _BV(WGM10)
  | _BV(WGM11) | _BV(COM1A0); //   
TCCR1B = _BV(WGM12) | _BV(WGM13) | _BV(CS11)
  | _BV(CS12);  // input T1, PWM mode

digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);  
//digitalWrite(ampON,
  LOW); 


  InitSD();
  if(sdhc){card = 1;}else{card=512;}  //SD or SDHC

  fat();
  if(BytesPerSector!=512){error();}

}


void loop()
{

   
   talkPB=digitalRead(talk);
   if(talkPB==LOW)
   {        
            //read
  hours
        if(hour < 21) {fn=hour; play();}
        else if(hour == 20)
  {fn=20; play();}
        else if(hour > 20) {fn=20; play(); fn=hour-20; play();}

        fn=24; play();     //read "hours"      

          //read minutes

        if(minute < 21) {fn=minute; play();}
        else if(minute == 20) {fn=20;
  play();}
        else if(minute > 20 && minute < 30) {fn=20; play(); fn=minute-20;
  play();}
        else if(minute == 30) {fn=21; play();}
        else if(minute
  > 30 && minute < 40) {fn=21; play(); fn=minute-30; play();}
        else if(minute
  == 40) {fn=22; play();}
        else if(minute > 40 && minute < 50) {fn=22; play();
  fn=minute-40; play();}
        else if(minute == 50) {fn=23; play();}
        else
  if(minute > 50 && minute < 60) {fn=23; play(); fn=minute-50; play();}
        fn=25;
  play();    //read "minutes"
        fn=26; play();    //read message
        OCR0A=0;
    //audio off
        
   }

   minutesPB=digitalRead(minutes);

   if(minutesPB==LOW)
   {   
     minute++;
     if(minute>59) {minute=0;}

     display();
     wait();
   }

   hoursPB=digitalRead(hours);

   if(hoursPB==LOW)
   {   
     hour++;
     if(hour>23) {hour=0;} 

     display();
     wait();
   }
   
   if(TIFR1 & _BV(OCF1A))   //1
  minute elapsed
     {
      OCR1A = 0xEA5F;  //59999 counts = 1 minute

      TIFR1 = _BV(OCF1A);  //TMR1 interrupt reset
 
      minute++;
      if(minute>59)
  {minute=0; hour++;}
      if(hour>23) hour=0;
      display();

    }
}


    //find the file and play it
 void play(void)
  {
    if(!sdhc){fn +=
  1;}  //if not SDHC first file = 1
    if(fn > 15)
    {
      fn -=16;
  file(fn*32+20,1);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at offset of 20
    }

    else
    {
      file(fn*32+20,0);    //32 bytes per file descriptor at
  offset of 20
    }
    loc=(1 + (DataSector) + (unsigned long)(FileCluster-2)
  * SectorsPerCluster) * card ;
    ReadSD();
  }
  
    //LCD update

  void display(void)
  {
      lcd.setCursor(5, 0); // top left
      if(hour<10)lcd.print("
  ");
      lcd.print(hour);
      lcd.print(":");
      if(minute<10)lcd.print("0");

      lcd.print(minute);
  }
  
    //SD error display
 void error(void)

  {
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1); // bottom left
    lcd.print("SD ERROR");

    lcd.setCursor(0, 0); // top left
  }
  
    //1 sec delay
  void
  wait(void)
  {
    unsigned long i; //,j
    for(i=0;i<100000;i++)

    {
    digitalWrite(ampON, LOW);
    }   
  }

 void ReadSD(void)

  {
    unsigned int i,r;
    unsigned char read_data;
    digitalWrite(CS,
  LOW);
    r = Command(18,loc,0xFF); //read multi-sector
    if(r != 0) error();
     //if command failed error();
    
    while(FileSize--)
    {

      while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFE); // wait for first byte
      for(i=0;i<512;i++){

          // 3 rounds of timer 0 = total of time to get 22 khz 
        while
  (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset

        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0
  interrupt reset
        while (!(TIFR0 & _BV(OCF0A))){} 
        
        OCR0A=spi(0xFF);
    //write byte to PWM
        TIFR0 = _BV(OCF0A);  //TMR0 interrupt reset

    }
      spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
      spi(0xFF);
     }
    

    Command(12,0x00,0xFF);  //stop transmit
    spi(0xFF);
    spi(0xFF);

    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
    spi(0xFF);
  }

void file(unsigned int
  offset, unsigned char sect)  //find files
{
  unsigned int r,i;
  unsigned
  char fc[4], fs[4]; //
  
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
  r = Command(17,(RootDir+sect)*card,0xFF);
   //read boot-sector for info from file entry
  if(r != 0) error();     //if
  command failed
  
  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
  for(i=0;i<512;i++){

    if(i==offset){fc[2]=spi(0xFF);} 
    else if(i==offset+1){fc[3]=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==offset+6){fc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+7){fc[1]=spi(0xFF);}

    
    else if(i==offset+8){fs[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+9){fs[1]=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==offset+10){fs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==offset+11){fs[3]=spi(0xFF);}

    else{spi(0xFF);}
    
  }
  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
  spi(0xFF);

  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
  spi(0xFF);
  FileCluster = fc[0] | ( (unsigned
  long)fc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fc[3] << 24
  );
  FileSize = fs[0] | ( (unsigned long)fs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[2]
  << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)fs[3] << 24 );
  FileSize = FileSize/512-1;    //file
  size in sectors
}

void fat (void)
{
  unsigned int r,i;
  unsigned
  char pfs[4],bps1,bps2,rs1,rs2,spf[4],rdc[4]; //pfs=partition first sector ,de1,de2,spf1,d[7]

  
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
  r = Command(17,0,0xFF);   //read MBR-sector

  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
  
  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe);
  // wait for first byte
  for(i=0;i<512;i++){
    if(i==454){pfs[0]=spi(0xFF);}
  //pfs=partition first sector
    else if(i==455){pfs[1]=spi(0xFF);}
    else
  if(i==456){pfs[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==457){pfs[3]=spi(0xFF);}
    else{spi(0xFF);}

    
  }
  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
  spi(0xFF);
  digitalWrite(CS,
  HIGH);
  spi(0xFF);
  //convert 4 bytes to long int
  BootSector = pfs[0]
  | ( (unsigned long)pfs[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)pfs[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned
  long)pfs[3] << 24 );
  
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);
  r = Command(17,BootSector*card,0xFF);
   //read boot-sector
  if(r != 0) error();     //if command failed
  

  while(spi(0xFF) != 0xFe); // wait for first byte
  for(i=0;i<512;i++){

    
    if(i==11){bps1=spi(0xFF);} //bytes per sector
    else if(i==12){bps2=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==13){SectorsPerCluster=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==14){rs1=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==15){rs2=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==16){Fats=spi(0xFF);} //number
  of FATs
    else if(i==36){spf[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==37){spf[1]=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==38){spf[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==39){spf[3]=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==44){rdc[0]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==45){rdc[1]=spi(0xFF);}

    else if(i==46){rdc[2]=spi(0xFF);}
    else if(i==47){rdc[3]=spi(0xFF);}

    else{spi(0xFF);}
    
  }
  spi(0xFF);  //discard of CRC
  spi(0xFF);

  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
  spi(0xFF);   
  
  BytesPerSector = bps1 |
  ( (unsigned int)bps2 << 8 );
  ReservedSectors = rs1 | ( (unsigned int)rs2 <<
  8 ); //from partition start to first FAT
  RootDirCluster = rdc[0] | ( (unsigned
  long)rdc[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)rdc[3] <<
  24 );
  SectorsPerFat = spf[0] | ( (unsigned long)spf[1] << 8 ) | ( (unsigned
  long)spf[2] << 16 ) | ( (unsigned long)spf[3] << 24 );
  DataSector = BootSector
  + (unsigned long)Fats * (unsigned long)SectorsPerFat + (unsigned long)ReservedSectors;
  // + 1  
  RootDir = (RootDirCluster -2) * (unsigned long)SectorsPerCluster
  + DataSector;
}  

unsigned char spi(unsigned char data)   // send character
  over spi
{
  SPDR = data;  // Start transmission
  while(!(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)));
   // Wait for transmission to complete
  return SPDR;    // received byte

}

      //assemble a 32 bits command
char Command(unsigned char frame1, unsigned
  long adrs, unsigned char frame2 )
{
  unsigned char i, res;
  spi(0xFF);

  spi((frame1 | 0x40) & 0x7F);  //first 2 bits are 01
  spi((adrs & 0xFF000000)
  >> 24);   //first of the 4 bytes address
  spi((adrs & 0x00FF0000) >> 16);

  spi((adrs & 0x0000FF00) >> 8);
  spi(adrs & 0x000000FF);
  spi(frame2 |
  1);        //CRC and last bit 1

  for(i=0;i<10;i++) // wait for received
  character
  {
    res = spi(0xFF);
    if(res != 0xFF)break;
  }

  return res;
}

void InitSD(void)
{
  unsigned char i,r[4];

  
  digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
  for(i=0; i < 10; i++)spi(0xFF);   // min 74
  clocks
  digitalWrite(CS, LOW);      // Enabled for spi mode
  
  i=100;
  //try idle state for up to 100 times
  while(Command(0x00,0,0x95) !=1 && i!=0)

  {
    digitalWrite(CS, HIGH);
    spi(0xFF);
    digitalWrite(CS, LOW);

    i--;
  }
  if(i==0)  error(); //idle failed
  
  if (Command(8,0x01AA,0x87)==1){
         //check card is 3.3V
    r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);
  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R7
    if ( r[2] == 0x01 && r[3] == 0xAA ){    //Vdd
  OK (3.3V)
      
      //Command(59,0,0xFF);   //CRC off
      Command(55,0,0xFF);

      while(Command(41,0x40000000,0xFF)){Command(55,0,0xFF);}   //ACMD41 with HCS
  bit
    }
    }else{error();}
    
    if (Command(58,0,0xFF)==0){   //read
  CCS in the OCR - SD or SDHC
      r[0]=spi(0xFF); r[1]=spi(0xFF); r[2]=spi(0xFF);
  r[3]=spi(0xFF);   //rest of R3
      sdhc=r[0] & 0x40;
      //if(r[0] & 0x40)sdLED=1;

    }
    SPCR &= ~(_BV(SPR1));  // set clock rate fck/8 = 2MHz
    digitalWrite(CS,
  HIGH);
}

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