How to do connections of 16x2 LCD display

1/*
2  LiquidCrystal Library - Custom Characters
3
4 Demonstrates  how to add custom characters on an LCD  display.
5 The LiquidCrystal library works  with all LCD displays that are
6 compatible with the  Hitachi HD44780 driver.  There are many of
7 them out there, and you can usually tell them by the 16-pin  interface.
8
9 This sketch prints "I <heart> Arduino!" and a little dancing  man
10 to the LCD.
11
12  The circuit:
13 * LCD RS pin to digital pin 12
14  * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 11
15 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 5
16 * LCD D5  pin to digital pin 4
17 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 3
18 * LCD D7 pin to digital  pin 2
19 * LCD R/W pin to ground
20 * 10K potentiometer:
21 * ends to +5V and  ground
22 * wiper to LCD VO pin (pin 3)
23 * 10K poterntiometer on pin A0
24
25  created 21 Mar 2011
26 by Tom Igoe
27 modified 11 Nov 2013
28 by Scott Fitzgerald
29  modified 7 Nov 2016
30 by Arturo Guadalupi
31
32 Based on Adafruit's example  at
33 https://github.com/adafruit/SPI_VFD/blob/master/examples/createChar/createChar.pde
34
35  This example code is in the public domain.
36 http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/LiquidCrystalCustomCharacter
37
38  Also useful:
39 http://icontexto.com/charactercreator/
40
41*/
42
43// include  the library code:
44#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
45
46// initialize the library  by associating any needed LCD interface pin
47// with the arduino pin number it  is connected to
48const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;
49LiquidCrystal  lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
50
51// make some custom characters:
52byte heart[8]  = {
53  0b00000,
54  0b01010,
55  0b11111,
56  0b11111,
57  0b11111,
58  0b01110,
59  0b00100,
60  0b00000
61};
62
63byte smiley[8] = {
64  0b00000,
65  0b00000,
66  0b01010,
67  0b00000,
68  0b00000,
69  0b10001,
70  0b01110,
71  0b00000
72};
73
74byte  frownie[8] = {
75  0b00000,
76  0b00000,
77  0b01010,
78  0b00000,
79  0b00000,
80  0b00000,
81  0b01110,
82  0b10001
83};
84
85byte armsDown[8] = {
86  0b00100,
87  0b01010,
88  0b00100,
89  0b00100,
90  0b01110,
91  0b10101,
92  0b00100,
93  0b01010
94};
95
96byte armsUp[8] = {
97  0b00100,
98  0b01010,
99  0b00100,
100  0b10101,
101  0b01110,
102  0b00100,
103  0b00100,
104  0b01010
105};
106
107void  setup() {
108  // initialize LCD and set up the number of columns and rows:
109  lcd.begin(16, 2);
110
111  // create a new character
112  lcd.createChar(0, heart);
113  // create a new character
114  lcd.createChar(1, smiley);
115  // create a new  character
116  lcd.createChar(2, frownie);
117  // create a new character
118  lcd.createChar(3,  armsDown);
119  // create a new character
120  lcd.createChar(4, armsUp);
121
122  // set the cursor to the top left
123  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
124
125  // Print  a message to the lcd.
126  lcd.print("I ");
127  lcd.write(byte(0)); // when calling  lcd.write() '0' must be cast as a byte
128  lcd.print(" Arduino! ");
129  lcd.write((byte)1);
130
131}
132
133void  loop() {
134  // read the potentiometer on A0:
135  int sensorReading = analogRead(A0);
136  // map the result to 200 - 1000:
137  int delayTime = map(sensorReading, 0, 1023,  200, 1000);
138  // set the cursor to the bottom row, 5th position:
139  lcd.setCursor(4,  1);
140  // draw the little man, arms down:
141  lcd.write(3);
142  delay(delayTime);
143  lcd.setCursor(4, 1);
144  // draw him arms up:
145  lcd.write(4);
146  delay(delayTime);
147}