Charger for nickel-metal-hydride accumulators

This device allows you to charge batteries according to the parameters you set.

May 29, 2023

•

1838 views

•

2 respects

•

Tools

Monitoring

Components and supplies

Arduino Nano

2 relay module

IRF510N MOSFET

20x4 LCD

Tools and machines

Multimeter

Soldering iron (generic)

Apps and platforms

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

Here is the Code for the charger.

cpp

You will need the LiquidCrystal-1.0.6 library

1#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
2#include <EEPROM.h>
3LiquidCrystal lcd(7,6,4,5,3,2);       // (RS,E,D4,D5,D6,D7)
4
5// Constants
6/////////////////////////////////////////
7int maxPower                  = 30;    // Maximal charging power. 30 = 300mA, 1 = 10mA
8int discharging_mVolt         = 950;   // Volt (milli volt) value where the discharging will stop.  900 = 900mV
9float correctionCharging1     = -0.15; // Correction (Volt). 0.15 = 0.15V
10float correctionCharging2     = -0.15; // 
11float correctionDischarging1  = 0.05;  //
12float correctionDischarging2  = 0.05;  //
13/////////////////////////////////////////
14
15boolean mainMenuIsDisplayed    = true;
16boolean chargingIsDisplayed    = false;
17boolean disChargingIsDisplayed = false;
18boolean powerIsDisplayed       = false;
19boolean timeIsDisplayed        = false;
20boolean modeIsDisplayed        = false;
21boolean changeVoltIsDisplayed  = false;
22
23int upButton    = 12;
24int downButton  = 19;
25int enterButton =  8;
26int resetPin    = 11;
27int relay1Pin   = 13;
28int relay2Pin   = 18;
29int PWM1Pin     = 10;
30int PWM2Pin     =  9;
31int volt1_1Pin  = 14;
32int volt1_2Pin  = 21;
33int volt2_1Pin  = 15;
34int volt2_2Pin  = 20;
35
36int hours = EEPROM.read(0);
37int power = EEPROM.read(1);
38float maxVolt = EEPROM.read(3);
39
40int cursorPosition = 1;
41
42byte selectArrow[8] = {
43  0b11000,
44  0b11100,
45  0b11110,
46  0b11111,
47  0b11111,
48  0b11110,
49  0b11100,
50  0b11000
51};
52
53void setup(){
54  pinMode(downButton, INPUT_PULLUP);
55  pinMode(upButton, INPUT_PULLUP);
56  pinMode(enterButton, INPUT_PULLUP);
57  pinMode(relay1Pin, OUTPUT);
58  pinMode(relay2Pin, OUTPUT);
59  pinMode(PWM1Pin, OUTPUT);
60  pinMode(PWM2Pin, OUTPUT);
61
62  // 7.8kHz 10 bit
63  TCCR1A = 0b00000011;
64  TCCR1B = 0b00000001;
65  //Serial.begin(115200);
66  lcd.begin(20, 4); //  Initialize the display, (columns, rows)
67    
68  lcd.createChar(0, selectArrow);
69  drawMenu();
70}
71
72void loop(){
73  if (digitalRead(upButton) == 0){
74    upPressed();
75    delay(300);
76  }
77  if (digitalRead(downButton) == 0){
78    downPressed();
79    delay(300);
80  }
81  if (digitalRead(enterButton) == 0){
82    enterPressed();
83    delay(300);
84  }
85}
86
87void charging(){
88  lcd.clear();
89  lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
90  lcd.print("Accu 1");
91  lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
92  lcd.print("Accu 2");
93  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
94  lcd.print("V:");
95  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
96  lcd.print("mA:");
97
98  uint32_t sec; 
99  int timeHours = 0;
100  int timeMins;
101  String minsZero;
102
103  boolean RUN              = true;
104  boolean accu1Finished    = false;
105  boolean accu2Finished    = false;
106  boolean accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
107  boolean accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
108
109  int PWM1 = 300;
110  int PWM2 = 300;
111  int power = EEPROM.read(1);
112  power *= 10;
113  analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
114  analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
115
116  while (RUN){
117    sec = millis() / 1000ul;
118    timeHours = (sec / 3600ul);
119    timeMins = (sec % 3600ul) / 60ul;
120
121    float mV1_1 = analogRead(volt1_1Pin);
122    float mV1_2 = analogRead(volt1_2Pin);
123
124    float mV2_1 = analogRead(volt2_1Pin);
125    float mV2_2 = analogRead(volt2_2Pin);
126
127    mV1_1 = mV1_1 * 5000 / 1023;
128    mV1_2 = mV1_2 * 5000 / 1023;
129
130    mV2_1 = mV2_1 * 5000 / 1023;
131    mV2_2 = mV2_2 * 5000 / 1023;
132
133    float voltAccu1 = ((5000 - mV1_1) / 1000) + correctionCharging1;
134    float voltAccu2 = ((5000 - mV2_1) / 1000) + correctionCharging2;
135
136    int mAmpere1 = (mV1_1 - mV1_2) / 5;
137    int mAmpere2 = (mV2_1 - mV2_2) / 5;
138
139    if (mV1_1 < 50){
140      accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
141      PWM1 = 0;
142      showNoAccu(6);
143    } else {
144      accu1IsPluggedIn = true;
145    }
146    
147    if (mV2_1 < 50){
148      accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
149      PWM2 = 0;
150      showNoAccu(14);
151    } else {
152      accu2IsPluggedIn = true;
153    }
154
155    if (!accu1Finished && accu1IsPluggedIn){
156      if (power != mAmpere1){
157        if (mAmpere1 < 5){
158          PWM1 += 100;
159        } else if (power - mAmpere1 >= 40){
160          PWM1 += 20;
161        }
162        if (mAmpere1 < power){
163          PWM1++;
164        } else {
165          PWM1--;
166        }
167      }
168    }
169
170    if (!accu2Finished && accu2IsPluggedIn){
171      if (power != mAmpere2){
172        if (mAmpere2 < 5){
173          PWM2 += 100;
174        } else if (power - mAmpere2 >= 40){
175          PWM2 += 20;
176        }
177        if (mAmpere2 < power){
178          PWM2++;
179        } else {
180          PWM2--;
181        }
182      }
183    }
184
185    analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
186    analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
187
188    if (!accu1Finished && accu1IsPluggedIn){
189      showChargingData(6, voltAccu1, mAmpere1);
190    }
191
192    if (!accu2Finished && accu2IsPluggedIn){
193      showChargingData(14, voltAccu2, mAmpere2);
194    }
195
196    // auto
197    if (EEPROM.read(2) == 0){
198      if (voltAccu1 >= maxVolt / 100 && accu1IsPluggedIn){
199        accu1Finished = true;
200        PWM1 = 0;
201        analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
202        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
203        lcd.print("Done");
204      }
205      if (voltAccu2 >= maxVolt / 100 && accu2IsPluggedIn){
206        accu2Finished = true;
207        PWM2 = 0;
208        analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
209        lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
210        lcd.print("Done");
211      }
212      if ((accu1Finished || !accu1IsPluggedIn) && (accu2Finished || !accu2IsPluggedIn)){
213        RUN = false;
214        lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
215        lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
216      }
217    } else { // manually
218      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
219      lcd.print("     ");
220      if (timeMins < 10){
221        minsZero = "0";
222      } else {
223        minsZero = "";
224      }
225      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
226      lcd.print(String(timeHours) + ":" + minsZero + String(timeMins));
227      if (timeHours >= hours){
228        accu1Finished = true;
229        accu2Finished = true;
230        lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
231        lcd.print("   ");
232        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
233        lcd.print("Done");
234        lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
235        lcd.print("Done");
236        lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
237        lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
238        PWM1 = 0;
239        PWM2 = 0;
240        analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
241        analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
242        RUN = false;
243      } else if (!accu1IsPluggedIn && !accu2IsPluggedIn){
244        showNoAccu(6);
245        showNoAccu(14);
246        lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
247        lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
248        PWM1 = 0;
249        PWM2 = 0;
250        analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
251        analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
252        RUN = false;
253      }
254    }
255    delay(2000);
256  }
257  for(;;){
258    if (digitalRead(enterButton) == 0){
259      pinMode(resetPin, OUTPUT);
260      digitalWrite(resetPin, LOW);
261    }
262    delay(50);
263  }
264}
265
266void discharge(){
267  boolean discharging1Finished = false;
268  boolean discharging2Finished = false;
269  boolean accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
270  boolean accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
271  lcd.clear();
272  lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
273  lcd.print("Accu 1");
274  lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
275  lcd.print("Accu 2");
276  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
277  lcd.print("mAh:");
278  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
279  lcd.print("V:");
280  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
281  lcd.print("mA:");
282
283  digitalWrite(relay1Pin, HIGH);
284  digitalWrite(relay2Pin, HIGH);
285  delay(500);
286  float mAh1 = 0;
287  float mAh2 = 0;
288  for (;;){
289    // first accu
290    float mV1_2 = analogRead(volt1_2Pin);
291    mV1_2 = (mV1_2 * 5000) / 1023;
292    mV1_2 += correctionDischarging1 * 1000;
293
294    if (mV1_2 <= 100 && !discharging1Finished){
295      accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
296      showNoAccu(6);
297    } else {
298      accu1IsPluggedIn = true;
299    }
300
301    if (!discharging1Finished && accu1IsPluggedIn){
302      float mAmpere1 = mV1_2 / 5; // 5Ω
303      mAh1 += mAmpere1 * 0.0027777778;
304      
305      float V1_2 = mV1_2 / 1000;
306      
307      showDischargingData(6, int(mAh1), V1_2, int(mAmpere1));
308
309      if (mV1_2 < discharging_mVolt && mV1_2 > 100){
310        discharging1Finished = true;
311        digitalWrite(relay1Pin, LOW);
312        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
313        lcd.print("Done");
314        lcd.setCursor(6, 3);
315        lcd.print("    ");
316      }
317    }
318
319    // second accu
320    float mV2_2 = analogRead(volt2_2Pin);
321    mV2_2 = (mV2_2 * 5000) / 1023;
322    mV2_2 += correctionDischarging2 * 1000;
323    
324    if (mV2_2 <= 100 && !discharging2Finished){
325      accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
326      showNoAccu(14);
327    } else {
328      accu2IsPluggedIn = true;
329    }
330
331    if (!discharging2Finished && accu2IsPluggedIn){
332      float mAmpere2 = mV2_2 / 5; // 5Ω
333      mAh2 += mAmpere2 * 0.0027777778;
334      float V2_2 = mV2_2 / 1000;
335
336      showDischargingData(14, int(mAh2), V2_2, int(mAmpere2));
337      
338      if (mV2_2 < discharging_mVolt && mV2_2 > 100){
339        discharging2Finished = true;
340        digitalWrite(relay2Pin, LOW);
341        lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
342        lcd.print("Done");
343        lcd.setCursor(14, 3);
344        lcd.print("    ");
345      }
346    }
347
348    if ((discharging1Finished || !accu1IsPluggedIn) && (discharging2Finished || !accu2IsPluggedIn)){
349      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
350      lcd.print("    ");
351      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
352      lcd.print("  ");
353      lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
354      lcd.print("   ");
355      lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
356      lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
357      digitalWrite(relay1Pin, LOW);
358      digitalWrite(relay2Pin, LOW);
359      for (;;){
360        if (digitalRead(enterButton) == 0){
361          pinMode(resetPin, OUTPUT);
362          digitalWrite(resetPin, LOW);
363        }
364        delay(50);
365      }
366    }
367    delay(10000);
368  }
369}
370
371void drawMenu(){
372  mainMenuIsDisplayed = true;
373  lcd.clear();
374  
375  drawCursor();
376  
377  lcd.setCursor(1, 0);
378  lcd.print("Charge");
379  lcd.setCursor(1, 1);
380  lcd.print("Discharge");
381  lcd.setCursor(1, 2);
382  lcd.print("Power");
383  lcd.setCursor(7, 2);
384  lcd.print(String(power) + "0" + "mA");
385  lcd.setCursor(1, 3);
386  lcd.print("Time");
387  lcd.setCursor(7, 3);
388  lcd.print(String(hours) + "h");
389  String showMode;
390  if (EEPROM.read(2) == 0){
391    showMode = "Auto";
392  } else {
393    showMode = "Manu";
394  }
395  lcd.setCursor(11, 0);
396  lcd.print("Mode:" + showMode);
397}
398
399void drawCursor(){
400  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
401  lcd.print(" ");
402  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
403  lcd.print(" ");
404  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
405  lcd.print(" ");
406  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
407  lcd.print(" ");
408  lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
409  lcd.print(" ");
410  
411  if (cursorPosition == 1){
412    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
413    lcd.write(byte(0));
414  } else if (cursorPosition == 2){
415    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
416    lcd.write(byte(0));
417  } else if (cursorPosition == 3){
418    lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
419    lcd.write(byte(0));
420  } else if (cursorPosition == 4){
421    lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
422    lcd.write(byte(0));
423  } else if (cursorPosition == 5){
424    lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
425    lcd.write(byte(0));
426  }
427}
428
429void upPressed(){
430  if (mainMenuIsDisplayed){
431    if (cursorPosition == 1){
432    cursorPosition = 5;
433    } else {
434    cursorPosition--;
435    }
436    drawCursor();
437  }
438
439  if (timeIsDisplayed){
440    if (hours < 99){
441      hours++;
442    }
443    changeTime();
444  }
445
446  if (powerIsDisplayed){
447    if (power < maxPower){
448      power++;
449    }
450    changePower();
451  }
452  
453  if (modeIsDisplayed){
454    if(cursorPosition == 1){
455      cursorPosition++;
456      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
457      lcd.print(" ");
458      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
459      lcd.write(byte(0));
460    } else {
461      cursorPosition--;
462      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
463      lcd.print(" ");
464      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
465      lcd.write(byte(0));
466    }
467  }
468
469  if (changeVoltIsDisplayed){
470    if (maxVolt < 200){
471      maxVolt++;
472      lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
473      maxVolt /= 100;
474      lcd.print(String(maxVolt) + "V");
475      maxVolt *= 100;
476    }
477  }
478}
479
480void downPressed(){
481  if (mainMenuIsDisplayed){
482    if (cursorPosition == 5){
483      cursorPosition = 1;
484    } else {
485      cursorPosition++;
486    }
487    drawCursor();
488  }
489
490  if (timeIsDisplayed){
491    if (hours > 1){
492      hours--;
493    }
494    changeTime();
495  }
496
497  if (powerIsDisplayed){
498    if (power > 1){
499      power--;
500    }
501    changePower();
502  }
503
504  if (modeIsDisplayed){
505    if(cursorPosition == 1){
506      cursorPosition++;
507      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
508      lcd.print(" ");
509      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
510      lcd.write(byte(0));
511    } else {
512      cursorPosition--;
513      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
514      lcd.print(" ");
515      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
516      lcd.write(byte(0));
517    }
518  }
519
520  if (changeVoltIsDisplayed){
521    if (maxVolt > 100){
522      //Serial.print("1:");
523      //Serial.println(maxVolt);
524      maxVolt--;
525      //Serial.println("2:");
526      //Serial.println(maxVolt);
527      lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
528      maxVolt /= 100;
529      lcd.print(String(maxVolt) + "V");
530      maxVolt *= 100;
531    }
532  }
533}
534
535
536void enterPressed(){
537  if (powerIsDisplayed){
538    powerIsDisplayed = false;
539    drawMenu();
540    EEPROM.write(1, power);
541  } else if (changeVoltIsDisplayed){
542    changeVoltIsDisplayed = false;
543    EEPROM.write(3, maxVolt);
544    drawMenu();
545  } else if (timeIsDisplayed){
546    timeIsDisplayed = false;
547    drawMenu();
548    EEPROM.write(0, hours);
549  } else if (modeIsDisplayed){
550    if(cursorPosition == 1){
551      modeIsDisplayed = false;
552      changeVoltIsDisplayed = true;
553      EEPROM.write(2, 0);
554      lcd.clear();
555      showInfo();
556      lcd.setCursor(0,0);
557      float maxVolt = EEPROM.read(3);
558      maxVolt /= 100;
559      lcd.print("charge to " + String(maxVolt) + "V");
560      maxVolt *= 100;
561    } else if (cursorPosition == 2){
562      EEPROM.write(2, 1);
563      modeIsDisplayed = false;
564      cursorPosition = 1;
565      drawMenu();
566    }
567  } else if (mainMenuIsDisplayed){
568    if (cursorPosition == 1){
569      charging();
570      chargingIsDisplayed = true;
571    } else if(cursorPosition == 2){
572      discharge();
573      disChargingIsDisplayed = true;
574    } else if(cursorPosition == 3){
575      changePower();
576      powerIsDisplayed = true;
577    } else if(cursorPosition == 4){
578      changeTime();
579      timeIsDisplayed = true;
580    } else if(cursorPosition == 5){
581      changeMode();
582      modeIsDisplayed = true;
583    }
584    mainMenuIsDisplayed = false;
585  }
586  delay(300);
587}
588
589void changeTime(){
590  lcd.clear();
591  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
592  lcd.print("Charging " + String(hours) + " hours");
593  showInfo();
594}
595
596void changePower(){
597  lcd.clear();
598  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
599  lcd.print("Charging " + String(power) + "0" " mA");
600  showInfo();
601}
602
603void changeMode(){
604  lcd.clear();
605  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
606  lcd.print("Charging mode:");
607  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
608  lcd.write(byte(0));
609  cursorPosition = 1;
610  maxVolt /= 100;
611  String autoText = "Auto stop at " + String(maxVolt) + "V";
612  maxVolt *= 100;
613  lcd.setCursor(1, 1);
614  lcd.print(autoText);
615  lcd.setCursor(1, 2);
616  lcd.print("Manually");
617}
618
619void showInfo(){
620  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
621  lcd.print("Up = add");
622  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
623  lcd.print("Down = reduce");
624  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
625  lcd.print("Enter = save & exit");
626}
627
628void showNoAccu(int col){
629  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
630  lcd.print("    ");
631  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
632  lcd.print("No");
633  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
634  lcd.print("accu");
635  lcd.setCursor(col, 3);
636  lcd.print("    ");
637}
638
639void showChargingData(int col, float v, int mA){
640  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
641  lcd.print("    ");
642  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
643  lcd.print(String(v));
644  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
645  lcd.print("    ");
646  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
647  lcd.print(String(mA));
648}
649
650void showDischargingData(int col, int mAh, float v, int mA){
651  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
652  lcd.print("    ");
653  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
654  lcd.print(String(mAh));
655  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
656  lcd.print("    ");
657  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
658  lcd.print(String(v));
659  lcd.setCursor(col, 3);
660  lcd.print("    ");
661  lcd.setCursor(col, 3);
662  lcd.print(String(mA));
663}

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(7,6,4,5,3,2);       // (RS,E,D4,D5,D6,D7)

// Constants
/////////////////////////////////////////
int maxPower                  = 30;    // Maximal charging power. 30 = 300mA, 1 = 10mA
int discharging_mVolt         = 950;   // Volt (milli volt) value where the discharging will stop.  900 = 900mV
float correctionCharging1     = -0.15; // Correction (Volt). 0.15 = 0.15V
float correctionCharging2     = -0.15; // 
float correctionDischarging1  = 0.05;  //
float correctionDischarging2  = 0.05;  //
/////////////////////////////////////////

boolean mainMenuIsDisplayed    = true;
boolean chargingIsDisplayed    = false;
boolean disChargingIsDisplayed = false;
boolean powerIsDisplayed       = false;
boolean timeIsDisplayed        = false;
boolean modeIsDisplayed        = false;
boolean changeVoltIsDisplayed  = false;

int upButton    = 12;
int downButton  = 19;
int enterButton =  8;
int resetPin    = 11;
int relay1Pin   = 13;
int relay2Pin   = 18;
int PWM1Pin     = 10;
int PWM2Pin     =  9;
int volt1_1Pin  = 14;
int volt1_2Pin  = 21;
int volt2_1Pin  = 15;
int volt2_2Pin  = 20;

int hours = EEPROM.read(0);
int power = EEPROM.read(1);
float maxVolt = EEPROM.read(3);

int cursorPosition = 1;

byte selectArrow[8] = {
  0b11000,
  0b11100,
  0b11110,
  0b11111,
  0b11111,
  0b11110,
  0b11100,
  0b11000
};

void setup(){
  pinMode(downButton, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(upButton, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(enterButton, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(relay1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(relay2Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(PWM1Pin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(PWM2Pin, OUTPUT);

  // 7.8kHz 10 bit
  TCCR1A = 0b00000011;
  TCCR1B = 0b00000001;
  //Serial.begin(115200);
  lcd.begin(20, 4); //  Initialize the display, (columns, rows)
    
  lcd.createChar(0, selectArrow);
  drawMenu();
}

void loop(){
  if (digitalRead(upButton) == 0){
    upPressed();
    delay(300);
  }
  if (digitalRead(downButton) == 0){
    downPressed();
    delay(300);
  }
  if (digitalRead(enterButton) == 0){
    enterPressed();
    delay(300);
  }
}

void charging(){
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
  lcd.print("Accu 1");
  lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
  lcd.print("Accu 2");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("V:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print("mA:");

  uint32_t sec; 
  int timeHours = 0;
  int timeMins;
  String minsZero;

  boolean RUN              = true;
  boolean accu1Finished    = false;
  boolean accu2Finished    = false;
  boolean accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
  boolean accu2IsPluggedIn = false;

  int PWM1 = 300;
  int PWM2 = 300;
  int power = EEPROM.read(1);
  power *= 10;
  analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
  analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);

  while (RUN){
    sec = millis() / 1000ul;
    timeHours = (sec / 3600ul);
    timeMins = (sec % 3600ul) / 60ul;

    float mV1_1 = analogRead(volt1_1Pin);
    float mV1_2 = analogRead(volt1_2Pin);

    float mV2_1 = analogRead(volt2_1Pin);
    float mV2_2 = analogRead(volt2_2Pin);

    mV1_1 = mV1_1 * 5000 / 1023;
    mV1_2 = mV1_2 * 5000 / 1023;

    mV2_1 = mV2_1 * 5000 / 1023;
    mV2_2 = mV2_2 * 5000 / 1023;

    float voltAccu1 = ((5000 - mV1_1) / 1000) + correctionCharging1;
    float voltAccu2 = ((5000 - mV2_1) / 1000) + correctionCharging2;

    int mAmpere1 = (mV1_1 - mV1_2) / 5;
    int mAmpere2 = (mV2_1 - mV2_2) / 5;

    if (mV1_1 < 50){
      accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
      PWM1 = 0;
      showNoAccu(6);
    } else {
      accu1IsPluggedIn = true;
    }
    
    if (mV2_1 < 50){
      accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
      PWM2 = 0;
      showNoAccu(14);
    } else {
      accu2IsPluggedIn = true;
    }

    if (!accu1Finished && accu1IsPluggedIn){
      if (power != mAmpere1){
        if (mAmpere1 < 5){
          PWM1 += 100;
        } else if (power - mAmpere1 >= 40){
          PWM1 += 20;
        }
        if (mAmpere1 < power){
          PWM1++;
        } else {
          PWM1--;
        }
      }
    }

    if (!accu2Finished && accu2IsPluggedIn){
      if (power != mAmpere2){
        if (mAmpere2 < 5){
          PWM2 += 100;
        } else if (power - mAmpere2 >= 40){
          PWM2 += 20;
        }
        if (mAmpere2 < power){
          PWM2++;
        } else {
          PWM2--;
        }
      }
    }

    analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
    analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);

    if (!accu1Finished && accu1IsPluggedIn){
      showChargingData(6, voltAccu1, mAmpere1);
    }

    if (!accu2Finished && accu2IsPluggedIn){
      showChargingData(14, voltAccu2, mAmpere2);
    }

    // auto
    if (EEPROM.read(2) == 0){
      if (voltAccu1 >= maxVolt / 100 && accu1IsPluggedIn){
        accu1Finished = true;
        PWM1 = 0;
        analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
        lcd.print("Done");
      }
      if (voltAccu2 >= maxVolt / 100 && accu2IsPluggedIn){
        accu2Finished = true;
        PWM2 = 0;
        analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
        lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
        lcd.print("Done");
      }
      if ((accu1Finished || !accu1IsPluggedIn) && (accu2Finished || !accu2IsPluggedIn)){
        RUN = false;
        lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
        lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
      }
    } else { // manually
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      lcd.print("     ");
      if (timeMins < 10){
        minsZero = "0";
      } else {
        minsZero = "";
      }
      lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
      lcd.print(String(timeHours) + ":" + minsZero + String(timeMins));
      if (timeHours >= hours){
        accu1Finished = true;
        accu2Finished = true;
        lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
        lcd.print("   ");
        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
        lcd.print("Done");
        lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
        lcd.print("Done");
        lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
        lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
        PWM1 = 0;
        PWM2 = 0;
        analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
        analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
        RUN = false;
      } else if (!accu1IsPluggedIn && !accu2IsPluggedIn){
        showNoAccu(6);
        showNoAccu(14);
        lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
        lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
        PWM1 = 0;
        PWM2 = 0;
        analogWrite(PWM1Pin, PWM1);
        analogWrite(PWM2Pin, PWM2);
        RUN = false;
      }
    }
    delay(2000);
  }
  for(;;){
    if (digitalRead(enterButton) == 0){
      pinMode(resetPin, OUTPUT);
      digitalWrite(resetPin, LOW);
    }
    delay(50);
  }
}

void discharge(){
  boolean discharging1Finished = false;
  boolean discharging2Finished = false;
  boolean accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
  boolean accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(6, 0);
  lcd.print("Accu 1");
  lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
  lcd.print("Accu 2");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("mAh:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print("V:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
  lcd.print("mA:");

  digitalWrite(relay1Pin, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(relay2Pin, HIGH);
  delay(500);
  float mAh1 = 0;
  float mAh2 = 0;
  for (;;){
    // first accu
    float mV1_2 = analogRead(volt1_2Pin);
    mV1_2 = (mV1_2 * 5000) / 1023;
    mV1_2 += correctionDischarging1 * 1000;

    if (mV1_2 <= 100 && !discharging1Finished){
      accu1IsPluggedIn = false;
      showNoAccu(6);
    } else {
      accu1IsPluggedIn = true;
    }

    if (!discharging1Finished && accu1IsPluggedIn){
      float mAmpere1 = mV1_2 / 5; // 5Ω
      mAh1 += mAmpere1 * 0.0027777778;
      
      float V1_2 = mV1_2 / 1000;
      
      showDischargingData(6, int(mAh1), V1_2, int(mAmpere1));

      if (mV1_2 < discharging_mVolt && mV1_2 > 100){
        discharging1Finished = true;
        digitalWrite(relay1Pin, LOW);
        lcd.setCursor(6, 2);
        lcd.print("Done");
        lcd.setCursor(6, 3);
        lcd.print("    ");
      }
    }

    // second accu
    float mV2_2 = analogRead(volt2_2Pin);
    mV2_2 = (mV2_2 * 5000) / 1023;
    mV2_2 += correctionDischarging2 * 1000;
    
    if (mV2_2 <= 100 && !discharging2Finished){
      accu2IsPluggedIn = false;
      showNoAccu(14);
    } else {
      accu2IsPluggedIn = true;
    }

    if (!discharging2Finished && accu2IsPluggedIn){
      float mAmpere2 = mV2_2 / 5; // 5Ω
      mAh2 += mAmpere2 * 0.0027777778;
      float V2_2 = mV2_2 / 1000;

      showDischargingData(14, int(mAh2), V2_2, int(mAmpere2));
      
      if (mV2_2 < discharging_mVolt && mV2_2 > 100){
        discharging2Finished = true;
        digitalWrite(relay2Pin, LOW);
        lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
        lcd.print("Done");
        lcd.setCursor(14, 3);
        lcd.print("    ");
      }
    }

    if ((discharging1Finished || !accu1IsPluggedIn) && (discharging2Finished || !accu2IsPluggedIn)){
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print("    ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.print("  ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
      lcd.print("   ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
      lcd.print("Press enter to exit");
      digitalWrite(relay1Pin, LOW);
      digitalWrite(relay2Pin, LOW);
      for (;;){
        if (digitalRead(enterButton) == 0){
          pinMode(resetPin, OUTPUT);
          digitalWrite(resetPin, LOW);
        }
        delay(50);
      }
    }
    delay(10000);
  }
}

void drawMenu(){
  mainMenuIsDisplayed = true;
  lcd.clear();
  
  drawCursor();
  
  lcd.setCursor(1, 0);
  lcd.print("Charge");
  lcd.setCursor(1, 1);
  lcd.print("Discharge");
  lcd.setCursor(1, 2);
  lcd.print("Power");
  lcd.setCursor(7, 2);
  lcd.print(String(power) + "0" + "mA");
  lcd.setCursor(1, 3);
  lcd.print("Time");
  lcd.setCursor(7, 3);
  lcd.print(String(hours) + "h");
  String showMode;
  if (EEPROM.read(2) == 0){
    showMode = "Auto";
  } else {
    showMode = "Manu";
  }
  lcd.setCursor(11, 0);
  lcd.print("Mode:" + showMode);
}

void drawCursor(){
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
  lcd.print(" ");
  lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
  lcd.print(" ");
  
  if (cursorPosition == 1){
    lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
    lcd.write(byte(0));
  } else if (cursorPosition == 2){
    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
    lcd.write(byte(0));
  } else if (cursorPosition == 3){
    lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
    lcd.write(byte(0));
  } else if (cursorPosition == 4){
    lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
    lcd.write(byte(0));
  } else if (cursorPosition == 5){
    lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
    lcd.write(byte(0));
  }
}

void upPressed(){
  if (mainMenuIsDisplayed){
    if (cursorPosition == 1){
    cursorPosition = 5;
    } else {
    cursorPosition--;
    }
    drawCursor();
  }

  if (timeIsDisplayed){
    if (hours < 99){
      hours++;
    }
    changeTime();
  }

  if (powerIsDisplayed){
    if (power < maxPower){
      power++;
    }
    changePower();
  }
  
  if (modeIsDisplayed){
    if(cursorPosition == 1){
      cursorPosition++;
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.write(byte(0));
    } else {
      cursorPosition--;
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.write(byte(0));
    }
  }

  if (changeVoltIsDisplayed){
    if (maxVolt < 200){
      maxVolt++;
      lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
      maxVolt /= 100;
      lcd.print(String(maxVolt) + "V");
      maxVolt *= 100;
    }
  }
}

void downPressed(){
  if (mainMenuIsDisplayed){
    if (cursorPosition == 5){
      cursorPosition = 1;
    } else {
      cursorPosition++;
    }
    drawCursor();
  }

  if (timeIsDisplayed){
    if (hours > 1){
      hours--;
    }
    changeTime();
  }

  if (powerIsDisplayed){
    if (power > 1){
      power--;
    }
    changePower();
  }

  if (modeIsDisplayed){
    if(cursorPosition == 1){
      cursorPosition++;
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.write(byte(0));
    } else {
      cursorPosition--;
      lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
      lcd.print(" ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.write(byte(0));
    }
  }

  if (changeVoltIsDisplayed){
    if (maxVolt > 100){
      //Serial.print("1:");
      //Serial.println(maxVolt);
      maxVolt--;
      //Serial.println("2:");
      //Serial.println(maxVolt);
      lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
      maxVolt /= 100;
      lcd.print(String(maxVolt) + "V");
      maxVolt *= 100;
    }
  }
}


void enterPressed(){
  if (powerIsDisplayed){
    powerIsDisplayed = false;
    drawMenu();
    EEPROM.write(1, power);
  } else if (changeVoltIsDisplayed){
    changeVoltIsDisplayed = false;
    EEPROM.write(3, maxVolt);
    drawMenu();
  } else if (timeIsDisplayed){
    timeIsDisplayed = false;
    drawMenu();
    EEPROM.write(0, hours);
  } else if (modeIsDisplayed){
    if(cursorPosition == 1){
      modeIsDisplayed = false;
      changeVoltIsDisplayed = true;
      EEPROM.write(2, 0);
      lcd.clear();
      showInfo();
      lcd.setCursor(0,0);
      float maxVolt = EEPROM.read(3);
      maxVolt /= 100;
      lcd.print("charge to " + String(maxVolt) + "V");
      maxVolt *= 100;
    } else if (cursorPosition == 2){
      EEPROM.write(2, 1);
      modeIsDisplayed = false;
      cursorPosition = 1;
      drawMenu();
    }
  } else if (mainMenuIsDisplayed){
    if (cursorPosition == 1){
      charging();
      chargingIsDisplayed = true;
    } else if(cursorPosition == 2){
      discharge();
      disChargingIsDisplayed = true;
    } else if(cursorPosition == 3){
      changePower();
      powerIsDisplayed = true;
    } else if(cursorPosition == 4){
      changeTime();
      timeIsDisplayed = true;
    } else if(cursorPosition == 5){
      changeMode();
      modeIsDisplayed = true;
    }
    mainMenuIsDisplayed = false;
  }
  delay(300);
}

void changeTime(){
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Charging " + String(hours) + " hours");
  showInfo();
}

void changePower(){
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Charging " + String(power) + "0" " mA");
  showInfo();
}

void changeMode(){
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Charging mode:");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.write(byte(0));
  cursorPosition = 1;
  maxVolt /= 100;
  String autoText = "Auto stop at " + String(maxVolt) + "V";
  maxVolt *= 100;
  lcd.setCursor(1, 1);
  lcd.print(autoText);
  lcd.setCursor(1, 2);
  lcd.print("Manually");
}

void showInfo(){
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Up = add");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
  lcd.print("Down = reduce");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 3);
  lcd.print("Enter = save & exit");
}

void showNoAccu(int col){
  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
  lcd.print("    ");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
  lcd.print("No");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
  lcd.print("accu");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 3);
  lcd.print("    ");
}

void showChargingData(int col, float v, int mA){
  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
  lcd.print("    ");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
  lcd.print(String(v));
  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
  lcd.print("    ");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
  lcd.print(String(mA));
}

void showDischargingData(int col, int mAh, float v, int mA){
  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
  lcd.print("    ");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 1);
  lcd.print(String(mAh));
  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
  lcd.print("    ");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 2);
  lcd.print(String(v));
  lcd.setCursor(col, 3);
  lcd.print("    ");
  lcd.setCursor(col, 3);
  lcd.print(String(mA));
}

Downloadable files

Circuit

Here is the circuit for the charger.

circuit.png

Documentation

User manual:

User_manual.pdf

Comments

Only logged in users can leave comments

mftof

0 Followers

•

0 Projects

Intro

Trademarks & CopyrightsWhistleblowingDigital Services ActTerms of ServicePrivacy PolicySecurityCookie Settings

Report content