Optimising Arduino Code using PIN registers

Alternative to using pinmode, digitalRead and digitalWrite commands to manipulate arduino pins.

Feb 5, 2022

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pin registers

optimise code

Devices & Components

Arduino Nano

7 Segment LED Display, InfoVue

Resistor 220 ohm

LilyPad LED Blue (5pcs)

Software & Tools

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

Controlling 7 segment display with pinmode, digitalWrite

arduino

1int digits [10][7]{
2  {1,1,1,1,1,1,0}, // digit 0
3  {0,1,1,0,0,0,0},
4  // digit 1
5  {1,1,0,1,1,0,1}, // digit 2
6  {1,1,1,1,0,0,1}, // digit 3
7
8  {0,1,1,0,0,1,1}, // digit 4
9  {1,0,1,1,0,1,1}, // digit 5
10  {1,0,1,1,1,1,1},
11  // digit 6
12  {1,1,1,0,0,0,0}, // digit 7
13  {1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, // digit 8
14
15  {1,1,1,1,0,1,1}  // digit 9
16};
17void setup() {
18  pinMode(0, OUTPUT);//
19  Segment A
20  pinMode(1, OUTPUT);// Segment B
21  pinMode(2, OUTPUT);// Segment
22  C
23  pinMode(3, OUTPUT);// Segment D
24  pinMode(4, OUTPUT);// Segment E
25
26  pinMode(5, OUTPUT);// Segment F
27  pinMode(6, OUTPUT);// Segment G
28}
29void
30  display_digit(int d){
31  if (digits[d][0]==1) digitalWrite(0, LOW); else digitalWrite(0,
32  HIGH); //A
33  if (digits[d][1]==1) digitalWrite(1, LOW); else digitalWrite(1,
34  HIGH); //B
35  if (digits[d][2]==1) digitalWrite(2, LOW); else digitalWrite(2,
36  HIGH); //C
37  if (digits[d][3]==1) digitalWrite(3, LOW); else digitalWrite(3,
38  HIGH); //D
39  if (digits[d][4]==1) digitalWrite(4, LOW); else digitalWrite(4,
40  HIGH); //E
41  if (digits[d][5]==1) digitalWrite(5, LOW); else digitalWrite(5,
42  HIGH); //F
43  if (digits[d][6]==1) digitalWrite(6, LOW); else digitalWrite(6,
44  HIGH); //G
45}
46void loop() {
47  for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
48    display_digit(i);
49
50    delay(1000);
51  }
52}
53

int digits [10][7]{
  {1,1,1,1,1,1,0}, // digit 0
  {0,1,1,0,0,0,0},
  // digit 1
  {1,1,0,1,1,0,1}, // digit 2
  {1,1,1,1,0,0,1}, // digit 3

  {0,1,1,0,0,1,1}, // digit 4
  {1,0,1,1,0,1,1}, // digit 5
  {1,0,1,1,1,1,1},
  // digit 6
  {1,1,1,0,0,0,0}, // digit 7
  {1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, // digit 8

  {1,1,1,1,0,1,1}  // digit 9
};
void setup() {
  pinMode(0, OUTPUT);//
  Segment A
  pinMode(1, OUTPUT);// Segment B
  pinMode(2, OUTPUT);// Segment
  C
  pinMode(3, OUTPUT);// Segment D
  pinMode(4, OUTPUT);// Segment E

  pinMode(5, OUTPUT);// Segment F
  pinMode(6, OUTPUT);// Segment G
}
void
  display_digit(int d){
  if (digits[d][0]==1) digitalWrite(0, LOW); else digitalWrite(0,
  HIGH); //A
  if (digits[d][1]==1) digitalWrite(1, LOW); else digitalWrite(1,
  HIGH); //B
  if (digits[d][2]==1) digitalWrite(2, LOW); else digitalWrite(2,
  HIGH); //C
  if (digits[d][3]==1) digitalWrite(3, LOW); else digitalWrite(3,
  HIGH); //D
  if (digits[d][4]==1) digitalWrite(4, LOW); else digitalWrite(4,
  HIGH); //E
  if (digits[d][5]==1) digitalWrite(5, LOW); else digitalWrite(5,
  HIGH); //F
  if (digits[d][6]==1) digitalWrite(6, LOW); else digitalWrite(6,
  HIGH); //G
}
void loop() {
  for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
    display_digit(i);

    delay(1000);
  }
}

Controlling 7 segment display with pinmode, digitalWrite

arduino

1int digits [10][7]{
2  {1,1,1,1,1,1,0}, // digit 0
3  {0,1,1,0,0,0,0},  // digit 1
4  {1,1,0,1,1,0,1}, // digit 2
5  {1,1,1,1,0,0,1}, // digit 3
6  {0,1,1,0,0,1,1}, // digit 4
7  {1,0,1,1,0,1,1}, // digit 5
8  {1,0,1,1,1,1,1},  // digit 6
9  {1,1,1,0,0,0,0}, // digit 7
10  {1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, // digit 8
11  {1,1,1,1,0,1,1}  // digit 9
12};
13void setup() {
14  pinMode(0, OUTPUT);//  Segment A
15  pinMode(1, OUTPUT);// Segment B
16  pinMode(2, OUTPUT);// Segment  C
17  pinMode(3, OUTPUT);// Segment D
18  pinMode(4, OUTPUT);// Segment E
19  pinMode(5, OUTPUT);// Segment F
20  pinMode(6, OUTPUT);// Segment G
21}
22void  display_digit(int d){
23  if (digits[d][0]==1) digitalWrite(0, LOW); else digitalWrite(0,  HIGH); //A
24  if (digits[d][1]==1) digitalWrite(1, LOW); else digitalWrite(1,  HIGH); //B
25  if (digits[d][2]==1) digitalWrite(2, LOW); else digitalWrite(2,  HIGH); //C
26  if (digits[d][3]==1) digitalWrite(3, LOW); else digitalWrite(3,  HIGH); //D
27  if (digits[d][4]==1) digitalWrite(4, LOW); else digitalWrite(4,  HIGH); //E
28  if (digits[d][5]==1) digitalWrite(5, LOW); else digitalWrite(5,  HIGH); //F
29  if (digits[d][6]==1) digitalWrite(6, LOW); else digitalWrite(6,  HIGH); //G
30}
31void loop() {
32  for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
33    display_digit(i);
34    delay(1000);
35  }
36}
37

int digits [10][7]{
  {1,1,1,1,1,1,0}, // digit 0
  {0,1,1,0,0,0,0},  // digit 1
  {1,1,0,1,1,0,1}, // digit 2
  {1,1,1,1,0,0,1}, // digit 3
  {0,1,1,0,0,1,1}, // digit 4
  {1,0,1,1,0,1,1}, // digit 5
  {1,0,1,1,1,1,1},  // digit 6
  {1,1,1,0,0,0,0}, // digit 7
  {1,1,1,1,1,1,1}, // digit 8
  {1,1,1,1,0,1,1}  // digit 9
};
void setup() {
  pinMode(0, OUTPUT);//  Segment A
  pinMode(1, OUTPUT);// Segment B
  pinMode(2, OUTPUT);// Segment  C
  pinMode(3, OUTPUT);// Segment D
  pinMode(4, OUTPUT);// Segment E
  pinMode(5, OUTPUT);// Segment F
  pinMode(6, OUTPUT);// Segment G
}
void  display_digit(int d){
  if (digits[d][0]==1) digitalWrite(0, LOW); else digitalWrite(0,  HIGH); //A
  if (digits[d][1]==1) digitalWrite(1, LOW); else digitalWrite(1,  HIGH); //B
  if (digits[d][2]==1) digitalWrite(2, LOW); else digitalWrite(2,  HIGH); //C
  if (digits[d][3]==1) digitalWrite(3, LOW); else digitalWrite(3,  HIGH); //D
  if (digits[d][4]==1) digitalWrite(4, LOW); else digitalWrite(4,  HIGH); //E
  if (digits[d][5]==1) digitalWrite(5, LOW); else digitalWrite(5,  HIGH); //F
  if (digits[d][6]==1) digitalWrite(6, LOW); else digitalWrite(6,  HIGH); //G
}
void loop() {
  for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
    display_digit(i);
    delay(1000);
  }
}

Controlling 7 segment display with PIN registers

arduino

The code is not only optimised and much shorter. It is also much faster in terms of sending appropriate signals to Arduino pins.

1int digits [10]{
2  B01000000, // digit 0
3  B11111001, // digit 1
4  B00100100, // digit 2
5  B00110000, // digit 3
6  B00011001, // digit 4
7  B00010010, // digit 5
8  B00000010, // digit 6
9  B01111000, // digit 7
10  B00000000, // digit 8
11  B00010000  // digit 9
12}; 
13void setup() {
14  DDRD=B11111111;
15}
16void loop() {
17  for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
18    PORTD=digits[i];
19    delay(1000);
20  }
21}
22

int digits [10]{
  B01000000, // digit 0
  B11111001, // digit 1
  B00100100, // digit 2
  B00110000, // digit 3
  B00011001, // digit 4
  B00010010, // digit 5
  B00000010, // digit 6
  B01111000, // digit 7
  B00000000, // digit 8
  B00010000  // digit 9
}; 
void setup() {
  DDRD=B11111111;
}
void loop() {
  for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
    PORTD=digits[i];
    delay(1000);
  }
}

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