An embedded system for real-time monitoring of a 12V automotive battery using ESP32 and multiple sensors

Voltage, Current, Temperature Monitoring SOC estimation via OCV and coulomb counting SOH estimation using internal resistance (Rint) learning Alternator/DC-DC detection for mode switching Adaptive telemetry cadence: Active mode: frequent sampling and MQTT publishing Parked/Idle: reduced cadence Deep sleep: wakes every 10 min for snapshot MQTT telemetry in JSON format for remote monitoring BLE support for local diagnostics and live data viewing Configurable thresholds and timing in app_config.h