Arduino RFID System Based on RS485

In this DIY guide, I will show you how to make your own security check system based on Arduino!

Aug 28, 2019

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Components and supplies

Transceiver RS422, RS485

Screw terminal 2P 2.54mm

Master PCB

RGB LCD Shield Kit, 16x2 Character Display

28 dip socket

RFID MFRC-522 Module

Capacitor 22 pF

Resistor 10k ohm

Real Time Clock (RTC)

Capacitor 100 nF

Pin Header 1x5 Female 2.54mm

Arduino USB 2 Serial micro

32.768 kHz Crystal

Capacitor 10 µF

Coin Cell Battery CR2032

Slave PCB

Arduino UNO

16 MHz Crystal

ATmega328

Single Turn Potentiometer- 10k ohms

Tools and machines

Wire Stripper & Cutter, 18-10 AWG / 0.75-4mm² Capacity Wires

Soldering iron (generic)

Solder Wire, Lead Free

Breadboard, 270 Pin

Apps and platforms

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

Master

c_cpp

Code for the master station unit. The "Master Station" is responsible for the communication between "Slave stations" via RS485 data bus. It also communicate via serial port with the software that is running to "control room" computer.

1#include <SPI.h>
2#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
3#include <MFRC522.h>
4#include  <Wire.h>
5//Buzzer
6#define buzzer 8
7//RS485
8#define rs485_RX A0
9#define  rs485_TX A1
10#define rs485_DE A2
11#define rs485_RE A3
12SoftwareSerial rs485(rs485_RX,  rs485_TX); // RX, TX
13String MASTER_PORT = "FF";
14String newCard="";
15//RFID
16#define  SS_PIN 10
17#define RST_PIN 9
18MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
19
20char  incomingByte;
21String command;
22boolean messageCompleted = false;
23boolean  newMessage = false;
24
25void setup() {
26  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
27  pinMode(rs485_DE,  OUTPUT);
28  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
29  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
30  Serial.begin(9600);
31  rs485.begin(19200);
32  SPI.begin();      // Initiate  SPI bus
33  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   // Initiate MFRC522
34}
35
36void loop()  {
37  serialCommunication();
38  readCard();
39  rs485Communication();
40}
41void  readCard() {
42  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
43  {
44    return;
45  }
46  // Select one of the cards
47  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
48  {
49    return;
50  }
51  //Show UID on serial monitor
52  String card = "";
53  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
54  {
55    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i]  < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
56    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
57  }
58  card.toUpperCase();
59  card = card.substring(1);
60  card.replace("  ", "");
61  newCard = card;
62  tone(buzzer,500,300);
63}
64void serialCommunication()  {
65  if (rs485.available()) {
66    incomingByte = rs485.read();
67    if (incomingByte  == '>') {
68      messageCompleted = true;
69      newMessage = false;
70    }
71    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
72      newMessage = true;
73    }
74
75    if (newMessage) {
76      command.concat(incomingByte);
77    }
78  }
79
80  if (messageCompleted) {
81    if (command.substring(1, 3) == MASTER_PORT) {
82      if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
83        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
84      }
85      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
86        String index =  command.substring(4,5);
87        String card = command.substring(5);
88        card.replace("xxxxxxxx","NOT  SET");
89        Serial.println(index+": "+card);
90      }
91      //Report  last check to master - time and card id
92      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'r')  {
93        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
94      }
95    }
96    command  = "";
97    messageCompleted = false;
98  }
99}
100void rs485Communication(){
101  if (Serial.available()) {
102    incomingByte = Serial.read();
103    if (incomingByte  == '>') {
104      messageCompleted = true;
105      newMessage = false;
106    }
107    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
108      newMessage = true;
109    }
110
111    if (newMessage) {
112      command.concat(incomingByte);
113    }
114  }
115  if (messageCompleted) {
116    if (command.substring(1, 3) != MASTER_PORT) {
117      digitalWrite(rs485_DE,HIGH);
118      rs485.print(command+">");
119    }   
120    else{
121      Serial.println(newCard);
122      newCard="";
123    }
124    command = "";
125    messageCompleted = false;
126  }
127  digitalWrite(rs485_DE,LOW);
128}
129
130

#include <SPI.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include  <Wire.h>
//Buzzer
#define buzzer 8
//RS485
#define rs485_RX A0
#define  rs485_TX A1
#define rs485_DE A2
#define rs485_RE A3
SoftwareSerial rs485(rs485_RX,  rs485_TX); // RX, TX
String MASTER_PORT = "FF";
String newCard="";
//RFID
#define  SS_PIN 10
#define RST_PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);

char  incomingByte;
String command;
boolean messageCompleted = false;
boolean  newMessage = false;

void setup() {
  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(rs485_DE,  OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  rs485.begin(19200);
  SPI.begin();      // Initiate  SPI bus
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   // Initiate MFRC522
}

void loop()  {
  serialCommunication();
  readCard();
  rs485Communication();
}
void  readCard() {
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
  {
    return;
  }
  // Select one of the cards
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
  {
    return;
  }
  //Show UID on serial monitor
  String card = "";
  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
  {
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i]  < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
  }
  card.toUpperCase();
  card = card.substring(1);
  card.replace("  ", "");
  newCard = card;
  tone(buzzer,500,300);
}
void serialCommunication()  {
  if (rs485.available()) {
    incomingByte = rs485.read();
    if (incomingByte  == '>') {
      messageCompleted = true;
      newMessage = false;
    }
    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
      newMessage = true;
    }

    if (newMessage) {
      command.concat(incomingByte);
    }
  }

  if (messageCompleted) {
    if (command.substring(1, 3) == MASTER_PORT) {
      if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
      }
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
        String index =  command.substring(4,5);
        String card = command.substring(5);
        card.replace("xxxxxxxx","NOT  SET");
        Serial.println(index+": "+card);
      }
      //Report  last check to master - time and card id
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'r')  {
        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
      }
    }
    command  = "";
    messageCompleted = false;
  }
}
void rs485Communication(){
  if (Serial.available()) {
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
    if (incomingByte  == '>') {
      messageCompleted = true;
      newMessage = false;
    }
    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
      newMessage = true;
    }

    if (newMessage) {
      command.concat(incomingByte);
    }
  }
  if (messageCompleted) {
    if (command.substring(1, 3) != MASTER_PORT) {
      digitalWrite(rs485_DE,HIGH);
      rs485.print(command+">");
    }   
    else{
      Serial.println(newCard);
      newCard="";
    }
    command = "";
    messageCompleted = false;
  }
  digitalWrite(rs485_DE,LOW);
}

Slave

c_cpp

Code for the slave station units. Every "Slave Station" - check point unit has a unique address. Edit the variable "PORT" (line 25) with hex value of unit address - value from 01 to FE (total of 254 stations). Also change the "name" of the current station by editing the variable "point" at line 24. Every check point can store to EEPROM memory up to 10 card IDs. If the security card exist, the ID and time-stamp will be saved to EEPROM memory.

1#include <SPI.h>
2#include <MFRC522.h>
3#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
4#include   <Wire.h>
5#include "RTClib.h"
6#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
7#include <EEPROM.h>
8
9#define   rs485_RX A0
10#define rs485_TX A1
11#define rs485_DE A2
12#define rs485_RE A3
13SoftwareSerial   rs485(rs485_RX, rs485_TX); // RX, TX
14
15
16//RFID
17#define SS_PIN 10
18#define   RST_PIN 9
19MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
20String cards[10] = {"", "",   "", "", "", "", "", "", "", ""};
21String check;
22String check_card;
23String   check_time;
24String point = "Point A"; //Point B, Point C
25String PORT = "01";   //FROM 01,02,03 TO FE - Total of 254 Slave stations
26String MASTER_PORT = "FF";
27
28//Time
29RTC_DS1307   rtc;
30String currentTime, DD, MM, YYYY, hh, mm;
31
32//LCD
33LiquidCrystal   lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
34
35//Buzzer
36#define buzzer 8
37
38//Serial Communication
39char   incomingByte;
40String command;
41boolean messageCompleted = false;
42boolean   newMessage = false;
43
44void setup() {
45  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
46  pinMode(rs485_DE,   OUTPUT);
47  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
48  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
49   Serial.begin(9600);   // Initiate a serial communication
50  rs485.begin(19200);
51   //RFID
52  SPI.begin();      // Initiate  SPI bus
53  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   //   Initiate MFRC522
54
55  //RTC
56  if (! rtc.begin()) {
57    Serial.println("Couldn't   find RTC");
58    while (1);
59  }
60  if (! rtc.isrunning()) {
61    Serial.println("RTC   is NOT running!");
62  }
63
64  //LCD
65  lcd.begin(16, 2);
66
67  //Buzzer
68   pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
69  //Read last check from EEPROM memory (card id and   timestamp)
70  delay(10);
71  check_card = readFromMemory(0, 8);
72  delay(10);
73   check_time = readFromMemory(10, 16);
74  delay(10);
75  //Read Card id list   from memory
76  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
77    cards[i] = readFromMemory(30   + (i * 10), 8);
78    //storeInMemory(30 + (i*10), "xxxxxxxx");
79    delay(10);
80     Serial.println(cards[i]);
81  }
82  Serial.println("System is up and running");
83}
84
85
86void   setTime(int YYYY, int MM, int DD, int hh, int mm) {
87  rtc.adjust(DateTime(YYYY,   MM, DD, hh, mm, 0));
88}
89
90void readTime() {
91  //DAY
92  DateTime now   = rtc.now();
93  if (now.day() <= 9) {
94    DD = "0" + String(now.day());
95   }
96  else {
97    DD = String(now.day());
98  }
99
100  //MONTH
101  if (now.month()   <= 9) {
102    MM = "0" + String(now.month());
103  }
104  else {
105    MM =   String(now.month());
106  }
107
108  //HOUR
109  if (now.hour() <= 9) {
110    hh   = "0" + String(now.hour());
111  }
112  else {
113    hh = String(now.hour());
114   }
115
116  //MINUTE
117  if (now.minute() <= 9) {
118    mm = "0" + String(now.minute());
119   }
120  else {
121    mm = String(now.minute());
122  }
123
124  //YEAR
125  if   (now.year()) {
126    YYYY = String(now.year());
127  }
128  currentTime = DD +   "/" + MM + "/" + YYYY + " " + hh + ":" + mm;
129}
130
131void checkCard()   {
132  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
133  {
134    check = "";
135    return;
136   }
137  // Select one of the cards
138  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
139   {
140    check = "";
141    return;
142  }
143  //Show UID on serial monitor
144   String card = "";
145  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
146  {
147     card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
148    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i],   HEX));
149  }
150  card.toUpperCase();
151  card = card.substring(1);
152  card.replace("   ", "");
153  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
154    if (card == cards[i]) {
155       check = "VALID: " + String(card);
156      check_card = String(card);
157       check_time = currentTime;
158      storeInMemory(0, check_card); //Start store   card id from memory addr 0
159      storeInMemory(10, check_time); //Start store   time stamp from memory addr 10
160      return;
161    }
162    else {
163      check   = "Card Not found...";
164    }
165  }
166}
167
168void printLCD(String line1,   String line2) {
169  lcd.clear();
170  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
171  lcd.print(line1);
172   lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
173  lcd.print(line2);
174}
175
176void buzzerTone() {
177   tone(buzzer, 1000); // Send 1KHz sound signal...
178  delay(1000);        // ...for   1 sec
179  noTone(buzzer);     // Stop sound...
180}
181
182void storeInMemory(char   addr, String data) {
183  int _size = data.length();
184  int i;
185  for (i = 0;   i < _size; i++)
186  {
187    EEPROM.write(addr + i, data[i]);
188  }
189  EEPROM.write(addr   + _size, '\\0'); //Add termination null character for String Data
190}
191String   readFromMemory(char addr, int size)
192{
193  int i;
194  char data[size + 1];
195   int len = 0;
196  unsigned char k;
197  k = EEPROM.read(addr);
198  while (len   < size) //Read until null character
199  {
200    k = EEPROM.read(addr + len);
201     data[len] = k;
202    len++;
203  }
204  data[len] = '\\0';
205  return String(data);
206}
207
208void   serialCommunication() {
209  if (rs485.available()) {
210    incomingByte = rs485.read();
211     if (incomingByte == '>') {
212      messageCompleted = true;
213      newMessage   = false;
214    }
215    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
216      newMessage = true;
217     }
218
219    if (newMessage) {
220      command.concat(incomingByte);
221    }
222   }
223
224  if (messageCompleted) {
225    if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT   || command.substring(1, 3) == "00" ) {
226      //Set time
227      if (command.charAt(3)   == 'T') {
228        int YYYY = (command.substring(4, 8)).toInt();
229        int   MM = (command.substring(8, 10)).toInt();
230        int DD = (command.substring(10,   12)).toInt();
231        int hh = (command.substring(12, 14)).toInt();
232        int   mm = (command.substring(14)).toInt();
233        setTime(YYYY, MM, DD, hh, mm);
234       }
235      //Set cards ids
236      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'C') {
237         int index = (command.substring(4, 5)).toInt();
238        String id = command.substring(5);
239         cards[index] = id;
240        //Store in memory!
241        storeInMemory(30   + (index * 10), id); //Start store card id from memory addr 30
242      }
243    }
244     if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT) {
245      //Report time of this slave   station to master
246      if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
247        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,   HIGH);
248        rs485.println("<" + MASTER_PORT + "t" + currentTime + ">");
249         digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
250      }
251      //Report card ids of this   slave station to master
252      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
253        int   index = (command.substring(4,5)).toInt();
254        String MSG = "<" + MASTER_PORT   + "c"+String(index);
255        MSG += cards[index] + ">";
256        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,   HIGH);
257        rs485.println(MSG);
258        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
259       }
260      //Report last check to master - time and card id
261      else   if (command.charAt(3) == 'r') {
262        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, HIGH);
263        rs485.println("<"   + MASTER_PORT + "r" + check_card + " " + check_time + ">");
264        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,   LOW);
265      }
266    }
267    command = "";
268    messageCompleted = false;
269   }
270}
271void loop() {
272  serialCommunication();
273  checkCard();
274  printLCD("Waiting   for Card", point);
275  readTime();
276  if (check != "") {
277    printLCD(currentTime,   check);
278    buzzerTone();
279    delay(2000);
280  }
281}
282
283

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include   <Wire.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>

#define   rs485_RX A0
#define rs485_TX A1
#define rs485_DE A2
#define rs485_RE A3
SoftwareSerial   rs485(rs485_RX, rs485_TX); // RX, TX


//RFID
#define SS_PIN 10
#define   RST_PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
String cards[10] = {"", "",   "", "", "", "", "", "", "", ""};
String check;
String check_card;
String   check_time;
String point = "Point A"; //Point B, Point C
String PORT = "01";   //FROM 01,02,03 TO FE - Total of 254 Slave stations
String MASTER_PORT = "FF";

//Time
RTC_DS1307   rtc;
String currentTime, DD, MM, YYYY, hh, mm;

//LCD
LiquidCrystal   lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);

//Buzzer
#define buzzer 8

//Serial Communication
char   incomingByte;
String command;
boolean messageCompleted = false;
boolean   newMessage = false;

void setup() {
  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(rs485_DE,   OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
   Serial.begin(9600);   // Initiate a serial communication
  rs485.begin(19200);
   //RFID
  SPI.begin();      // Initiate  SPI bus
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   //   Initiate MFRC522

  //RTC
  if (! rtc.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Couldn't   find RTC");
    while (1);
  }
  if (! rtc.isrunning()) {
    Serial.println("RTC   is NOT running!");
  }

  //LCD
  lcd.begin(16, 2);

  //Buzzer
   pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
  //Read last check from EEPROM memory (card id and   timestamp)
  delay(10);
  check_card = readFromMemory(0, 8);
  delay(10);
   check_time = readFromMemory(10, 16);
  delay(10);
  //Read Card id list   from memory
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    cards[i] = readFromMemory(30   + (i * 10), 8);
    //storeInMemory(30 + (i*10), "xxxxxxxx");
    delay(10);
     Serial.println(cards[i]);
  }
  Serial.println("System is up and running");
}


void   setTime(int YYYY, int MM, int DD, int hh, int mm) {
  rtc.adjust(DateTime(YYYY,   MM, DD, hh, mm, 0));
}

void readTime() {
  //DAY
  DateTime now   = rtc.now();
  if (now.day() <= 9) {
    DD = "0" + String(now.day());
   }
  else {
    DD = String(now.day());
  }

  //MONTH
  if (now.month()   <= 9) {
    MM = "0" + String(now.month());
  }
  else {
    MM =   String(now.month());
  }

  //HOUR
  if (now.hour() <= 9) {
    hh   = "0" + String(now.hour());
  }
  else {
    hh = String(now.hour());
   }

  //MINUTE
  if (now.minute() <= 9) {
    mm = "0" + String(now.minute());
   }
  else {
    mm = String(now.minute());
  }

  //YEAR
  if   (now.year()) {
    YYYY = String(now.year());
  }
  currentTime = DD +   "/" + MM + "/" + YYYY + " " + hh + ":" + mm;
}

void checkCard()   {
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
  {
    check = "";
    return;
   }
  // Select one of the cards
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
   {
    check = "";
    return;
  }
  //Show UID on serial monitor
   String card = "";
  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
  {
     card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i],   HEX));
  }
  card.toUpperCase();
  card = card.substring(1);
  card.replace("   ", "");
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    if (card == cards[i]) {
       check = "VALID: " + String(card);
      check_card = String(card);
       check_time = currentTime;
      storeInMemory(0, check_card); //Start store   card id from memory addr 0
      storeInMemory(10, check_time); //Start store   time stamp from memory addr 10
      return;
    }
    else {
      check   = "Card Not found...";
    }
  }
}

void printLCD(String line1,   String line2) {
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(line1);
   lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(line2);
}

void buzzerTone() {
   tone(buzzer, 1000); // Send 1KHz sound signal...
  delay(1000);        // ...for   1 sec
  noTone(buzzer);     // Stop sound...
}

void storeInMemory(char   addr, String data) {
  int _size = data.length();
  int i;
  for (i = 0;   i < _size; i++)
  {
    EEPROM.write(addr + i, data[i]);
  }
  EEPROM.write(addr   + _size, '\\0'); //Add termination null character for String Data
}
String   readFromMemory(char addr, int size)
{
  int i;
  char data[size + 1];
   int len = 0;
  unsigned char k;
  k = EEPROM.read(addr);
  while (len   < size) //Read until null character
  {
    k = EEPROM.read(addr + len);
     data[len] = k;
    len++;
  }
  data[len] = '\\0';
  return String(data);
}

void   serialCommunication() {
  if (rs485.available()) {
    incomingByte = rs485.read();
     if (incomingByte == '>') {
      messageCompleted = true;
      newMessage   = false;
    }
    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
      newMessage = true;
     }

    if (newMessage) {
      command.concat(incomingByte);
    }
   }

  if (messageCompleted) {
    if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT   || command.substring(1, 3) == "00" ) {
      //Set time
      if (command.charAt(3)   == 'T') {
        int YYYY = (command.substring(4, 8)).toInt();
        int   MM = (command.substring(8, 10)).toInt();
        int DD = (command.substring(10,   12)).toInt();
        int hh = (command.substring(12, 14)).toInt();
        int   mm = (command.substring(14)).toInt();
        setTime(YYYY, MM, DD, hh, mm);
       }
      //Set cards ids
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'C') {
         int index = (command.substring(4, 5)).toInt();
        String id = command.substring(5);
         cards[index] = id;
        //Store in memory!
        storeInMemory(30   + (index * 10), id); //Start store card id from memory addr 30
      }
    }
     if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT) {
      //Report time of this slave   station to master
      if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,   HIGH);
        rs485.println("<" + MASTER_PORT + "t" + currentTime + ">");
         digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
      }
      //Report card ids of this   slave station to master
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
        int   index = (command.substring(4,5)).toInt();
        String MSG = "<" + MASTER_PORT   + "c"+String(index);
        MSG += cards[index] + ">";
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,   HIGH);
        rs485.println(MSG);
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
       }
      //Report last check to master - time and card id
      else   if (command.charAt(3) == 'r') {
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, HIGH);
        rs485.println("<"   + MASTER_PORT + "r" + check_card + " " + check_time + ">");
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,   LOW);
      }
    }
    command = "";
    messageCompleted = false;
   }
}
void loop() {
  serialCommunication();
  checkCard();
  printLCD("Waiting   for Card", point);
  readTime();
  if (check != "") {
    printLCD(currentTime,   check);
    buzzerTone();
    delay(2000);
  }
}

Master

c_cpp

1#include <SPI.h>
2#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
3#include <MFRC522.h>
4#include   <Wire.h>
5//Buzzer
6#define buzzer 8
7//RS485
8#define rs485_RX A0
9#define   rs485_TX A1
10#define rs485_DE A2
11#define rs485_RE A3
12SoftwareSerial rs485(rs485_RX,   rs485_TX); // RX, TX
13String MASTER_PORT = "FF";
14String newCard="";
15//RFID
16#define   SS_PIN 10
17#define RST_PIN 9
18MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
19
20char   incomingByte;
21String command;
22boolean messageCompleted = false;
23boolean   newMessage = false;
24
25void setup() {
26  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
27  pinMode(rs485_DE,   OUTPUT);
28  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
29  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
30   Serial.begin(9600);
31  rs485.begin(19200);
32  SPI.begin();      // Initiate   SPI bus
33  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   // Initiate MFRC522
34}
35
36void loop()   {
37  serialCommunication();
38  readCard();
39  rs485Communication();
40}
41void   readCard() {
42  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
43  {
44    return;
45   }
46  // Select one of the cards
47  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
48   {
49    return;
50  }
51  //Show UID on serial monitor
52  String card = "";
53   for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
54  {
55    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i]   < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
56    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
57   }
58  card.toUpperCase();
59  card = card.substring(1);
60  card.replace("   ", "");
61  newCard = card;
62  tone(buzzer,500,300);
63}
64void serialCommunication()   {
65  if (rs485.available()) {
66    incomingByte = rs485.read();
67    if (incomingByte   == '>') {
68      messageCompleted = true;
69      newMessage = false;
70    }
71     else if (incomingByte == '<') {
72      newMessage = true;
73    }
74
75     if (newMessage) {
76      command.concat(incomingByte);
77    }
78  }
79
80   if (messageCompleted) {
81    if (command.substring(1, 3) == MASTER_PORT) {
82       if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
83        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
84       }
85      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
86        String index =   command.substring(4,5);
87        String card = command.substring(5);
88        card.replace("xxxxxxxx","NOT   SET");
89        Serial.println(index+": "+card);
90      }
91      //Report   last check to master - time and card id
92      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'r')   {
93        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
94      }
95    }
96    command   = "";
97    messageCompleted = false;
98  }
99}
100void rs485Communication(){
101   if (Serial.available()) {
102    incomingByte = Serial.read();
103    if (incomingByte   == '>') {
104      messageCompleted = true;
105      newMessage = false;
106    }
107     else if (incomingByte == '<') {
108      newMessage = true;
109    }
110
111     if (newMessage) {
112      command.concat(incomingByte);
113    }
114  }
115   if (messageCompleted) {
116    if (command.substring(1, 3) != MASTER_PORT) {
117       digitalWrite(rs485_DE,HIGH);
118      rs485.print(command+">");
119    }    
120    else{
121      Serial.println(newCard);
122      newCard="";
123    }
124     command = "";
125    messageCompleted = false;
126  }
127  digitalWrite(rs485_DE,LOW);
128}
129
130

#include <SPI.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include   <Wire.h>
//Buzzer
#define buzzer 8
//RS485
#define rs485_RX A0
#define   rs485_TX A1
#define rs485_DE A2
#define rs485_RE A3
SoftwareSerial rs485(rs485_RX,   rs485_TX); // RX, TX
String MASTER_PORT = "FF";
String newCard="";
//RFID
#define   SS_PIN 10
#define RST_PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);

char   incomingByte;
String command;
boolean messageCompleted = false;
boolean   newMessage = false;

void setup() {
  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(rs485_DE,   OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
   Serial.begin(9600);
  rs485.begin(19200);
  SPI.begin();      // Initiate   SPI bus
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   // Initiate MFRC522
}

void loop()   {
  serialCommunication();
  readCard();
  rs485Communication();
}
void   readCard() {
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
  {
    return;
   }
  // Select one of the cards
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
   {
    return;
  }
  //Show UID on serial monitor
  String card = "";
   for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
  {
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i]   < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
   }
  card.toUpperCase();
  card = card.substring(1);
  card.replace("   ", "");
  newCard = card;
  tone(buzzer,500,300);
}
void serialCommunication()   {
  if (rs485.available()) {
    incomingByte = rs485.read();
    if (incomingByte   == '>') {
      messageCompleted = true;
      newMessage = false;
    }
     else if (incomingByte == '<') {
      newMessage = true;
    }

     if (newMessage) {
      command.concat(incomingByte);
    }
  }

   if (messageCompleted) {
    if (command.substring(1, 3) == MASTER_PORT) {
       if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
       }
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
        String index =   command.substring(4,5);
        String card = command.substring(5);
        card.replace("xxxxxxxx","NOT   SET");
        Serial.println(index+": "+card);
      }
      //Report   last check to master - time and card id
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'r')   {
        Serial.println(command.substring(4));
      }
    }
    command   = "";
    messageCompleted = false;
  }
}
void rs485Communication(){
   if (Serial.available()) {
    incomingByte = Serial.read();
    if (incomingByte   == '>') {
      messageCompleted = true;
      newMessage = false;
    }
     else if (incomingByte == '<') {
      newMessage = true;
    }

     if (newMessage) {
      command.concat(incomingByte);
    }
  }
   if (messageCompleted) {
    if (command.substring(1, 3) != MASTER_PORT) {
       digitalWrite(rs485_DE,HIGH);
      rs485.print(command+">");
    }    
    else{
      Serial.println(newCard);
      newCard="";
    }
     command = "";
    messageCompleted = false;
  }
  digitalWrite(rs485_DE,LOW);
}

Slave

c_cpp

1#include <SPI.h>
2#include <MFRC522.h>
3#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
4#include  <Wire.h>
5#include "RTClib.h"
6#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
7#include <EEPROM.h>
8
9#define  rs485_RX A0
10#define rs485_TX A1
11#define rs485_DE A2
12#define rs485_RE A3
13SoftwareSerial  rs485(rs485_RX, rs485_TX); // RX, TX
14
15
16//RFID
17#define SS_PIN 10
18#define  RST_PIN 9
19MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
20String cards[10] = {"", "",  "", "", "", "", "", "", "", ""};
21String check;
22String check_card;
23String  check_time;
24String point = "Point A"; //Point B, Point C
25String PORT = "01";  //FROM 01,02,03 TO FE - Total of 254 Slave stations
26String MASTER_PORT = "FF";
27
28//Time
29RTC_DS1307  rtc;
30String currentTime, DD, MM, YYYY, hh, mm;
31
32//LCD
33LiquidCrystal  lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
34
35//Buzzer
36#define buzzer 8
37
38//Serial Communication
39char  incomingByte;
40String command;
41boolean messageCompleted = false;
42boolean  newMessage = false;
43
44void setup() {
45  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
46  pinMode(rs485_DE,  OUTPUT);
47  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
48  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
49  Serial.begin(9600);   // Initiate a serial communication
50  rs485.begin(19200);
51  //RFID
52  SPI.begin();      // Initiate  SPI bus
53  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   //  Initiate MFRC522
54
55  //RTC
56  if (! rtc.begin()) {
57    Serial.println("Couldn't  find RTC");
58    while (1);
59  }
60  if (! rtc.isrunning()) {
61    Serial.println("RTC  is NOT running!");
62  }
63
64  //LCD
65  lcd.begin(16, 2);
66
67  //Buzzer
68  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
69  //Read last check from EEPROM memory (card id and  timestamp)
70  delay(10);
71  check_card = readFromMemory(0, 8);
72  delay(10);
73  check_time = readFromMemory(10, 16);
74  delay(10);
75  //Read Card id list  from memory
76  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
77    cards[i] = readFromMemory(30  + (i * 10), 8);
78    //storeInMemory(30 + (i*10), "xxxxxxxx");
79    delay(10);
80    Serial.println(cards[i]);
81  }
82  Serial.println("System is up and running");
83}
84
85
86void  setTime(int YYYY, int MM, int DD, int hh, int mm) {
87  rtc.adjust(DateTime(YYYY,  MM, DD, hh, mm, 0));
88}
89
90void readTime() {
91  //DAY
92  DateTime now  = rtc.now();
93  if (now.day() <= 9) {
94    DD = "0" + String(now.day());
95  }
96  else {
97    DD = String(now.day());
98  }
99
100  //MONTH
101  if (now.month()  <= 9) {
102    MM = "0" + String(now.month());
103  }
104  else {
105    MM =  String(now.month());
106  }
107
108  //HOUR
109  if (now.hour() <= 9) {
110    hh  = "0" + String(now.hour());
111  }
112  else {
113    hh = String(now.hour());
114  }
115
116  //MINUTE
117  if (now.minute() <= 9) {
118    mm = "0" + String(now.minute());
119  }
120  else {
121    mm = String(now.minute());
122  }
123
124  //YEAR
125  if  (now.year()) {
126    YYYY = String(now.year());
127  }
128  currentTime = DD +  "/" + MM + "/" + YYYY + " " + hh + ":" + mm;
129}
130
131void checkCard()  {
132  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
133  {
134    check = "";
135    return;
136  }
137  // Select one of the cards
138  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
139  {
140    check = "";
141    return;
142  }
143  //Show UID on serial monitor
144  String card = "";
145  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
146  {
147    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
148    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i],  HEX));
149  }
150  card.toUpperCase();
151  card = card.substring(1);
152  card.replace("  ", "");
153  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
154    if (card == cards[i]) {
155      check = "VALID: " + String(card);
156      check_card = String(card);
157      check_time = currentTime;
158      storeInMemory(0, check_card); //Start store  card id from memory addr 0
159      storeInMemory(10, check_time); //Start store  time stamp from memory addr 10
160      return;
161    }
162    else {
163      check  = "Card Not found...";
164    }
165  }
166}
167
168void printLCD(String line1,  String line2) {
169  lcd.clear();
170  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
171  lcd.print(line1);
172  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
173  lcd.print(line2);
174}
175
176void buzzerTone() {
177  tone(buzzer, 1000); // Send 1KHz sound signal...
178  delay(1000);        // ...for  1 sec
179  noTone(buzzer);     // Stop sound...
180}
181
182void storeInMemory(char  addr, String data) {
183  int _size = data.length();
184  int i;
185  for (i = 0;  i < _size; i++)
186  {
187    EEPROM.write(addr + i, data[i]);
188  }
189  EEPROM.write(addr  + _size, '\\0'); //Add termination null character for String Data
190}
191String  readFromMemory(char addr, int size)
192{
193  int i;
194  char data[size + 1];
195  int len = 0;
196  unsigned char k;
197  k = EEPROM.read(addr);
198  while (len  < size) //Read until null character
199  {
200    k = EEPROM.read(addr + len);
201    data[len] = k;
202    len++;
203  }
204  data[len] = '\\0';
205  return String(data);
206}
207
208void  serialCommunication() {
209  if (rs485.available()) {
210    incomingByte = rs485.read();
211    if (incomingByte == '>') {
212      messageCompleted = true;
213      newMessage  = false;
214    }
215    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
216      newMessage = true;
217    }
218
219    if (newMessage) {
220      command.concat(incomingByte);
221    }
222  }
223
224  if (messageCompleted) {
225    if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT  || command.substring(1, 3) == "00" ) {
226      //Set time
227      if (command.charAt(3)  == 'T') {
228        int YYYY = (command.substring(4, 8)).toInt();
229        int  MM = (command.substring(8, 10)).toInt();
230        int DD = (command.substring(10,  12)).toInt();
231        int hh = (command.substring(12, 14)).toInt();
232        int  mm = (command.substring(14)).toInt();
233        setTime(YYYY, MM, DD, hh, mm);
234      }
235      //Set cards ids
236      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'C') {
237        int index = (command.substring(4, 5)).toInt();
238        String id = command.substring(5);
239        cards[index] = id;
240        //Store in memory!
241        storeInMemory(30  + (index * 10), id); //Start store card id from memory addr 30
242      }
243    }
244    if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT) {
245      //Report time of this slave  station to master
246      if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
247        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,  HIGH);
248        rs485.println("<" + MASTER_PORT + "t" + currentTime + ">");
249        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
250      }
251      //Report card ids of this  slave station to master
252      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
253        int  index = (command.substring(4,5)).toInt();
254        String MSG = "<" + MASTER_PORT  + "c"+String(index);
255        MSG += cards[index] + ">";
256        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,  HIGH);
257        rs485.println(MSG);
258        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
259      }
260      //Report last check to master - time and card id
261      else  if (command.charAt(3) == 'r') {
262        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, HIGH);
263        rs485.println("<"  + MASTER_PORT + "r" + check_card + " " + check_time + ">");
264        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,  LOW);
265      }
266    }
267    command = "";
268    messageCompleted = false;
269  }
270}
271void loop() {
272  serialCommunication();
273  checkCard();
274  printLCD("Waiting  for Card", point);
275  readTime();
276  if (check != "") {
277    printLCD(currentTime,  check);
278    buzzerTone();
279    delay(2000);
280  }
281}
282
283

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include  <Wire.h>
#include "RTClib.h"
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>

#define  rs485_RX A0
#define rs485_TX A1
#define rs485_DE A2
#define rs485_RE A3
SoftwareSerial  rs485(rs485_RX, rs485_TX); // RX, TX


//RFID
#define SS_PIN 10
#define  RST_PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);
String cards[10] = {"", "",  "", "", "", "", "", "", "", ""};
String check;
String check_card;
String  check_time;
String point = "Point A"; //Point B, Point C
String PORT = "01";  //FROM 01,02,03 TO FE - Total of 254 Slave stations
String MASTER_PORT = "FF";

//Time
RTC_DS1307  rtc;
String currentTime, DD, MM, YYYY, hh, mm;

//LCD
LiquidCrystal  lcd(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);

//Buzzer
#define buzzer 8

//Serial Communication
char  incomingByte;
String command;
boolean messageCompleted = false;
boolean  newMessage = false;

void setup() {
  pinMode(rs485_RE, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(rs485_DE,  OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(rs485_RE, LOW);
  digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
  Serial.begin(9600);   // Initiate a serial communication
  rs485.begin(19200);
  //RFID
  SPI.begin();      // Initiate  SPI bus
  mfrc522.PCD_Init();   //  Initiate MFRC522

  //RTC
  if (! rtc.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Couldn't  find RTC");
    while (1);
  }
  if (! rtc.isrunning()) {
    Serial.println("RTC  is NOT running!");
  }

  //LCD
  lcd.begin(16, 2);

  //Buzzer
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
  //Read last check from EEPROM memory (card id and  timestamp)
  delay(10);
  check_card = readFromMemory(0, 8);
  delay(10);
  check_time = readFromMemory(10, 16);
  delay(10);
  //Read Card id list  from memory
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    cards[i] = readFromMemory(30  + (i * 10), 8);
    //storeInMemory(30 + (i*10), "xxxxxxxx");
    delay(10);
    Serial.println(cards[i]);
  }
  Serial.println("System is up and running");
}


void  setTime(int YYYY, int MM, int DD, int hh, int mm) {
  rtc.adjust(DateTime(YYYY,  MM, DD, hh, mm, 0));
}

void readTime() {
  //DAY
  DateTime now  = rtc.now();
  if (now.day() <= 9) {
    DD = "0" + String(now.day());
  }
  else {
    DD = String(now.day());
  }

  //MONTH
  if (now.month()  <= 9) {
    MM = "0" + String(now.month());
  }
  else {
    MM =  String(now.month());
  }

  //HOUR
  if (now.hour() <= 9) {
    hh  = "0" + String(now.hour());
  }
  else {
    hh = String(now.hour());
  }

  //MINUTE
  if (now.minute() <= 9) {
    mm = "0" + String(now.minute());
  }
  else {
    mm = String(now.minute());
  }

  //YEAR
  if  (now.year()) {
    YYYY = String(now.year());
  }
  currentTime = DD +  "/" + MM + "/" + YYYY + " " + hh + ":" + mm;
}

void checkCard()  {
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent())
  {
    check = "";
    return;
  }
  // Select one of the cards
  if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial())
  {
    check = "";
    return;
  }
  //Show UID on serial monitor
  String card = "";
  for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++)
  {
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " "));
    card.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i],  HEX));
  }
  card.toUpperCase();
  card = card.substring(1);
  card.replace("  ", "");
  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    if (card == cards[i]) {
      check = "VALID: " + String(card);
      check_card = String(card);
      check_time = currentTime;
      storeInMemory(0, check_card); //Start store  card id from memory addr 0
      storeInMemory(10, check_time); //Start store  time stamp from memory addr 10
      return;
    }
    else {
      check  = "Card Not found...";
    }
  }
}

void printLCD(String line1,  String line2) {
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print(line1);
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print(line2);
}

void buzzerTone() {
  tone(buzzer, 1000); // Send 1KHz sound signal...
  delay(1000);        // ...for  1 sec
  noTone(buzzer);     // Stop sound...
}

void storeInMemory(char  addr, String data) {
  int _size = data.length();
  int i;
  for (i = 0;  i < _size; i++)
  {
    EEPROM.write(addr + i, data[i]);
  }
  EEPROM.write(addr  + _size, '\\0'); //Add termination null character for String Data
}
String  readFromMemory(char addr, int size)
{
  int i;
  char data[size + 1];
  int len = 0;
  unsigned char k;
  k = EEPROM.read(addr);
  while (len  < size) //Read until null character
  {
    k = EEPROM.read(addr + len);
    data[len] = k;
    len++;
  }
  data[len] = '\\0';
  return String(data);
}

void  serialCommunication() {
  if (rs485.available()) {
    incomingByte = rs485.read();
    if (incomingByte == '>') {
      messageCompleted = true;
      newMessage  = false;
    }
    else if (incomingByte == '<') {
      newMessage = true;
    }

    if (newMessage) {
      command.concat(incomingByte);
    }
  }

  if (messageCompleted) {
    if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT  || command.substring(1, 3) == "00" ) {
      //Set time
      if (command.charAt(3)  == 'T') {
        int YYYY = (command.substring(4, 8)).toInt();
        int  MM = (command.substring(8, 10)).toInt();
        int DD = (command.substring(10,  12)).toInt();
        int hh = (command.substring(12, 14)).toInt();
        int  mm = (command.substring(14)).toInt();
        setTime(YYYY, MM, DD, hh, mm);
      }
      //Set cards ids
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'C') {
        int index = (command.substring(4, 5)).toInt();
        String id = command.substring(5);
        cards[index] = id;
        //Store in memory!
        storeInMemory(30  + (index * 10), id); //Start store card id from memory addr 30
      }
    }
    if (command.substring(1, 3) == PORT) {
      //Report time of this slave  station to master
      if (command.charAt(3) == 't') {
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,  HIGH);
        rs485.println("<" + MASTER_PORT + "t" + currentTime + ">");
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
      }
      //Report card ids of this  slave station to master
      else if (command.charAt(3) == 'c') {
        int  index = (command.substring(4,5)).toInt();
        String MSG = "<" + MASTER_PORT  + "c"+String(index);
        MSG += cards[index] + ">";
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,  HIGH);
        rs485.println(MSG);
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, LOW);
      }
      //Report last check to master - time and card id
      else  if (command.charAt(3) == 'r') {
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE, HIGH);
        rs485.println("<"  + MASTER_PORT + "r" + check_card + " " + check_time + ">");
        digitalWrite(rs485_DE,  LOW);
      }
    }
    command = "";
    messageCompleted = false;
  }
}
void loop() {
  serialCommunication();
  checkCard();
  printLCD("Waiting  for Card", point);
  readTime();
  if (check != "") {
    printLCD(currentTime,  check);
    buzzerTone();
    delay(2000);
  }
}

Downloadable files

Circuit Schematic

Documentation

PCB Schematic

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