"Connect 4" game on E-ink

In this project we make a connect 4 game using an e-ink display and an ESP32.

Jan 21, 2022

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game

esp32

e-ink

Components and supplies

ESP32

2.9inch E-Ink display module

Project description

Code

e-ink_connect4

arduino

1#define ENABLE_GxEPD2_GFX 0
2
3#include <GxEPD2_BW.h> // including  both doesn't use more code or ram
4#include <GxEPD2_3C.h> // including both doesn't  use more code or ram
5#include <U8g2_for_Adafruit_GFX.h>
6
7GxEPD2_BW<GxEPD2_290_T94_V2,  GxEPD2_290_T94_V2::HEIGHT> display(GxEPD2_290_T94_V2(/*CS=5*/ SS, /*DC=*/ 17, /*RST=*/  16, /*BUSY=*/ 4)); // GDEM029T94, Waveshare 2.9" V2 variant
8U8G2_FOR_ADAFRUIT_GFX  u8g2Fonts;
9
10uint16_t bg = GxEPD_WHITE; //white
11uint16_t fg = GxEPD_BLACK;  //black
12int x = 150;
13int mat[6][7] = {{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0}};  //here the placement is stored. 0 --> not occupied; 1 --> playerA; 2 --> playerB
14int  player = 1; //we begin with playerA
15bool win = false;
16
17bool touch1detected  = false; //variables to indicate if a touch pin is high
18bool touch2detected =  false;
19
20void gotTouch2(){
21 touch2detected = true;
22}
23void gotTouch1(){
24  touch1detected = true;
25}
26
27void place(int player, int x){ //this function  fills in the circles/crosses the players place
28  int col = (x - 132)/18 - 1;
29  display.setPartialWindow(145, 17, 296, 128);
30  display.firstPage();
31
32  for(int i = 5; i >= 0; i--){
33    if(mat[i][col] == 0){
34      mat[i][col]  = player;
35      break;
36    }
37  }
38  
39  
40  do{
41    display.drawRect(150,  18, 126, 108, fg);
42    display.drawLine(150, 36, 274, 36, fg);
43    display.drawLine(150,  54, 274, 54, fg);
44    display.drawLine(150, 72, 274, 72, fg);
45    display.drawLine(150,  90, 274, 90, fg);
46    display.drawLine(150, 108, 274, 108, fg);
47    display.drawLine(168,  18, 168, 124, fg);
48    display.drawLine(186, 18, 186, 124, fg);
49    display.drawLine(204,  18, 204, 124, fg);
50    display.drawLine(222, 18, 222, 124, fg);
51    display.drawLine(240,  18, 240, 124, fg);
52    display.drawLine(258, 18, 258, 124, fg);
53
54    for(int  i = 0; i < 6; i++){
55      for(int j = 0; j < 7; j++){
56        if(mat[i][j]  == 1){
57          display.fillCircle(159+j*18, 27+i*18, 5, fg);
58        }
59        else if(mat[i][j] == 2){
60          display.fillRect(157+j*18, 20+i*18,  4, 14, fg);
61          display.fillRect(152+j*18, 25+i*18, 14, 4, fg);
62        }
63      }
64    }
65  }
66  while(display.nextPage());
67}
68
69
70bool check_if_4(){    //this function checks if theres a line of four pieces
71  for(int i = 0; i  < 3; i++){
72    for(int j = 0; j < 7; j++){
73      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i+1][j]  && mat[i+1][j] == mat[i+2][j] && mat[i+2][j] == mat[i+3][j] && mat[i][j] != 0){
74        return true;
75      }
76    }
77  }
78
79  for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++){
80    for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++){
81      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i][j+1] && mat[i][j+1]  == mat[i][j+2] && mat[i][j+2] == mat[i][j+3] && mat[i][j] != 0){
82        return  true;
83      }
84    }
85  }
86
87  for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
88    for(int  j = 0; j < 4; j++){
89      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i+1][j+1] && mat[i+1][j+1] == mat[i+2][j+2]  && mat[i+2][j+2] == mat[i+3][j+3] && mat[i][j] != 0){
90        return true;
91      }
92    }
93  }
94
95  for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
96    for(int j =  3; j < 7; j++){
97      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i+1][j-1] && mat[i+1][j-1] == mat[i+2][j-2]  && mat[i+2][j-2] == mat[i+3][j-3] && mat[i][j] != 0){
98        return true;
99      }
100    }
101  }
102  
103  return false;
104}
105
106
107void(* resetFunc)  (void) = 0; //resets the game if someone won
108
109
110void setup()
111{
112  touchAttachInterrupt(T3,  gotTouch2, 40); //the 40 sets the sensitivity of the touchpin
113  touchAttachInterrupt(T4,  gotTouch1, 40); //bigger number --> higher sensitivity
114  
115  display.init();
116  display.setTextColor(GxEPD_BLACK);
117  
118  display.firstPage();
119  display.setRotation(1);  //rotate the screen 90°
120
121  u8g2Fonts.begin(display); // connect u8g2 procedures  to Adafruit GFX
122  delay(1000);
123
124  u8g2Fonts.setFont(u8g2_font_logisoso16_tr);
125
126  u8g2Fonts.setForegroundColor(fg);         // apply Adafruit GFX color
127  u8g2Fonts.setBackgroundColor(bg);  
128  
129  do
130  {
131    display.fillScreen(GxEPD_WHITE);
132    u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10,  30); 
133    u8g2Fonts.println("Connect 4"); //title
134    u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10,  80); 
135    u8g2Fonts.println("Player A");
136    
137
138    display.drawRect(150,  18, 126, 108, fg); //print the grid
139    display.drawLine(150, 36, 274, 36, fg);
140    display.drawLine(150, 54, 274, 54, fg);
141    display.drawLine(150, 72, 274,  72, fg);
142    display.drawLine(150, 90, 274, 90, fg);
143    display.drawLine(150,  108, 274, 108, fg);
144    display.drawLine(168, 18, 168, 124, fg);
145    display.drawLine(186,  18, 186, 124, fg);
146    display.drawLine(204, 18, 204, 124, fg);
147    display.drawLine(222,  18, 222, 124, fg);
148    display.drawLine(240, 18, 240, 124, fg);
149    display.drawLine(258,  18, 258, 124, fg);
150  }
151  while (display.nextPage());
152}
153
154
155void  loop(){
156  
157  display.setPartialWindow(150, 0, 126, 15);
158  display.firstPage();
159  
160  do{
161    display.fillTriangle(x, 4, x+18, 4, x+9, 13, fg);
162  }
163  while(display.nextPage());
164  
165  delay(100);
166  touch2detected = false;
167  touch1detected = false;
168  while(!touch2detected && !touch1detected){delay(10);}  //the program waits until there is a touch input
169  if(touch1detected){
170    place(player,  x);
171    
172    if(check_if_4()){  //if true someone connected 4 --> the game  is over
173      display.setPartialWindow(0, 35, 140, 98);
174      display.firstPage();  
175  
176      do
177      {
178        display.fillScreen(GxEPD_WHITE);
179        u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10,  80); 
180        if(player == 1){u8g2Fonts.println("Player A won");}
181        else{u8g2Fonts.println("Player  B won");}
182      }
183      while (display.nextPage()); 
184      delay(3000);
185      resetFunc(); //reset the program
186    }
187    
188    if(player == 1){player  = 2;} //switch players
189    else{player = 1;}
190
191    display.setPartialWindow(0,  35, 140, 98);
192    display.firstPage(); 
193  
194    do
195    {
196      display.fillScreen(GxEPD_WHITE);
197      u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10, 80); 
198      if(player == 1){u8g2Fonts.println("Player  A");}
199      else{u8g2Fonts.println("Player B");}
200    }
201    while (display.nextPage());  
202  }
203  
204  else{
205    x += 18;
206    if(x > 258){x = 150;}
207  }
208
209}

#define ENABLE_GxEPD2_GFX 0

#include <GxEPD2_BW.h> // including  both doesn't use more code or ram
#include <GxEPD2_3C.h> // including both doesn't  use more code or ram
#include <U8g2_for_Adafruit_GFX.h>

GxEPD2_BW<GxEPD2_290_T94_V2,  GxEPD2_290_T94_V2::HEIGHT> display(GxEPD2_290_T94_V2(/*CS=5*/ SS, /*DC=*/ 17, /*RST=*/  16, /*BUSY=*/ 4)); // GDEM029T94, Waveshare 2.9" V2 variant
U8G2_FOR_ADAFRUIT_GFX  u8g2Fonts;

uint16_t bg = GxEPD_WHITE; //white
uint16_t fg = GxEPD_BLACK;  //black
int x = 150;
int mat[6][7] = {{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,0,0}};  //here the placement is stored. 0 --> not occupied; 1 --> playerA; 2 --> playerB
int  player = 1; //we begin with playerA
bool win = false;

bool touch1detected  = false; //variables to indicate if a touch pin is high
bool touch2detected =  false;

void gotTouch2(){
 touch2detected = true;
}
void gotTouch1(){
  touch1detected = true;
}

void place(int player, int x){ //this function  fills in the circles/crosses the players place
  int col = (x - 132)/18 - 1;
  display.setPartialWindow(145, 17, 296, 128);
  display.firstPage();

  for(int i = 5; i >= 0; i--){
    if(mat[i][col] == 0){
      mat[i][col]  = player;
      break;
    }
  }
  
  
  do{
    display.drawRect(150,  18, 126, 108, fg);
    display.drawLine(150, 36, 274, 36, fg);
    display.drawLine(150,  54, 274, 54, fg);
    display.drawLine(150, 72, 274, 72, fg);
    display.drawLine(150,  90, 274, 90, fg);
    display.drawLine(150, 108, 274, 108, fg);
    display.drawLine(168,  18, 168, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(186, 18, 186, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(204,  18, 204, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(222, 18, 222, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(240,  18, 240, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(258, 18, 258, 124, fg);

    for(int  i = 0; i < 6; i++){
      for(int j = 0; j < 7; j++){
        if(mat[i][j]  == 1){
          display.fillCircle(159+j*18, 27+i*18, 5, fg);
        }
        else if(mat[i][j] == 2){
          display.fillRect(157+j*18, 20+i*18,  4, 14, fg);
          display.fillRect(152+j*18, 25+i*18, 14, 4, fg);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  while(display.nextPage());
}


bool check_if_4(){    //this function checks if theres a line of four pieces
  for(int i = 0; i  < 3; i++){
    for(int j = 0; j < 7; j++){
      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i+1][j]  && mat[i+1][j] == mat[i+2][j] && mat[i+2][j] == mat[i+3][j] && mat[i][j] != 0){
        return true;
      }
    }
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++){
    for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++){
      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i][j+1] && mat[i][j+1]  == mat[i][j+2] && mat[i][j+2] == mat[i][j+3] && mat[i][j] != 0){
        return  true;
      }
    }
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
    for(int  j = 0; j < 4; j++){
      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i+1][j+1] && mat[i+1][j+1] == mat[i+2][j+2]  && mat[i+2][j+2] == mat[i+3][j+3] && mat[i][j] != 0){
        return true;
      }
    }
  }

  for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
    for(int j =  3; j < 7; j++){
      if(mat[i][j] == mat[i+1][j-1] && mat[i+1][j-1] == mat[i+2][j-2]  && mat[i+2][j-2] == mat[i+3][j-3] && mat[i][j] != 0){
        return true;
      }
    }
  }
  
  return false;
}


void(* resetFunc)  (void) = 0; //resets the game if someone won


void setup()
{
  touchAttachInterrupt(T3,  gotTouch2, 40); //the 40 sets the sensitivity of the touchpin
  touchAttachInterrupt(T4,  gotTouch1, 40); //bigger number --> higher sensitivity
  
  display.init();
  display.setTextColor(GxEPD_BLACK);
  
  display.firstPage();
  display.setRotation(1);  //rotate the screen 90°

  u8g2Fonts.begin(display); // connect u8g2 procedures  to Adafruit GFX
  delay(1000);

  u8g2Fonts.setFont(u8g2_font_logisoso16_tr);

  u8g2Fonts.setForegroundColor(fg);         // apply Adafruit GFX color
  u8g2Fonts.setBackgroundColor(bg);  
  
  do
  {
    display.fillScreen(GxEPD_WHITE);
    u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10,  30); 
    u8g2Fonts.println("Connect 4"); //title
    u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10,  80); 
    u8g2Fonts.println("Player A");
    

    display.drawRect(150,  18, 126, 108, fg); //print the grid
    display.drawLine(150, 36, 274, 36, fg);
    display.drawLine(150, 54, 274, 54, fg);
    display.drawLine(150, 72, 274,  72, fg);
    display.drawLine(150, 90, 274, 90, fg);
    display.drawLine(150,  108, 274, 108, fg);
    display.drawLine(168, 18, 168, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(186,  18, 186, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(204, 18, 204, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(222,  18, 222, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(240, 18, 240, 124, fg);
    display.drawLine(258,  18, 258, 124, fg);
  }
  while (display.nextPage());
}


void  loop(){
  
  display.setPartialWindow(150, 0, 126, 15);
  display.firstPage();
  
  do{
    display.fillTriangle(x, 4, x+18, 4, x+9, 13, fg);
  }
  while(display.nextPage());
  
  delay(100);
  touch2detected = false;
  touch1detected = false;
  while(!touch2detected && !touch1detected){delay(10);}  //the program waits until there is a touch input
  if(touch1detected){
    place(player,  x);
    
    if(check_if_4()){  //if true someone connected 4 --> the game  is over
      display.setPartialWindow(0, 35, 140, 98);
      display.firstPage();  
  
      do
      {
        display.fillScreen(GxEPD_WHITE);
        u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10,  80); 
        if(player == 1){u8g2Fonts.println("Player A won");}
        else{u8g2Fonts.println("Player  B won");}
      }
      while (display.nextPage()); 
      delay(3000);
      resetFunc(); //reset the program
    }
    
    if(player == 1){player  = 2;} //switch players
    else{player = 1;}

    display.setPartialWindow(0,  35, 140, 98);
    display.firstPage(); 
  
    do
    {
      display.fillScreen(GxEPD_WHITE);
      u8g2Fonts.setCursor(10, 80); 
      if(player == 1){u8g2Fonts.println("Player  A");}
      else{u8g2Fonts.println("Player B");}
    }
    while (display.nextPage());  
  }
  
  else{
    x += 18;
    if(x > 258){x = 150;}
  }

}

Downloadable files

Wiring

Unfortunately I can't create a Fritzing file because the parts are not available there. Just connect all the wires so that the colors match. You also have to look at the pinout of your specific ESP32 board.

Wiring

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galoebn

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