Slot Machine Treat Dispenser

An Arduino-powered slot machine that dispenses cat treats, complete with spinning reels and parental controls via Arduino Cloud.

Apr 22, 2026

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3-Clause BSD License

Internet Of Things

Pets

Toys

Devices & Components

Arduino® UNO R4 WiFi

Software & Tools

Arduino IDE

Project description

Code

1/* 
2  Arduino IoT Cloud integration
3
4  The following variables are automatically generated and updated when changes are made to the Thing
5
6  int treat;
7  bool on;
8
9  Variables which are marked as READ/WRITE in the Cloud Thing will also have functions
10  which are called when their values are changed from the Dashboard.
11  These functions are generated with the Thing and added at the end of this sketch.
12*/
13
14#include "thingProperties.h"
15#include <AccelStepper.h>
16
17// Stepper motors
18AccelStepper stepperX(1, 12, 13); 
19AccelStepper stepperY(1, 3, 6);
20AccelStepper stepperZ(1, 4, 7);
21
22
23// Using 1/8 stepping on stepper motors
24const long STEPS_PER_REV = 1600;
25const long STEPS_PER_SQUARE = 200; // 8 "squares" on each wheel
26
27
28// DC motor
29const int motor_pwm = 9; 
30const int motor_dir = 10;  
31
32// LEVER switch
33const int switchPin = 11;  // Z+ endstop pin on CNC shield
34bool lastSwitchState = false;
35
36
37// tracking slot machine positions
38int Xpos = 0;
39int Ypos = 0;
40int Zpos = 0;
41
42// tracking attempts
43int attemptCounter = 0;
44
45// reel symbol positions
46String reelX[] = {"bowl", "mouse", "bow", "fish", "cat", "bowl", "paw", "fish"};
47String reelY[] = {"bowl", "bow", "bowl", "fish", "paw", "mouse", "fish", "cat"};
48String reelZ[] = {"bowl", "bow", "fish", "cat", "mouse", "bowl", "paw", "fish"};
49
50
51void checkWin() {
52  // Get the current symbols based on positions
53  String symbolX = reelX[Xpos];
54  String symbolY = reelY[Ypos];
55  String symbolZ = reelZ[Zpos];
56
57  Serial.print("Symbols: (");
58  Serial.print(symbolX);
59  Serial.print(", ");
60  Serial.print(symbolY);
61  Serial.print(", ");
62  Serial.print(symbolZ);
63  Serial.print(") at positions (");
64  Serial.print(Xpos);
65  Serial.print(", ");
66  Serial.print(Ypos);
67  Serial.print(", ");
68  Serial.print(Zpos);
69  Serial.println(")");
70  
71
72  // Check if all three symbols match
73  if (symbolX == symbolY && symbolY == symbolZ) {
74    Serial.println("YOU WIN!!");
75
76    motorForward(40);
77  
78    delay(350);
79    motorStop();
80    
81    motorBackward(80);
82    delay(100);
83    motorStop();
84  }
85}
86
87void doJitter(AccelStepper &stepper) {
88
89  int jitterAmount = 40;
90
91  stepper.move(jitterAmount);
92  while (stepper.distanceToGo() != 0) {
93    stepper.run();
94    stepperX.run();
95    stepperY.run();
96    stepperZ.run();
97  }
98
99  stepper.move(-jitterAmount * 2);
100  while (stepper.distanceToGo() != 0) {
101    stepper.run();
102    stepperX.run();
103    stepperY.run();
104    stepperZ.run();
105  }
106
107  stepper.move(jitterAmount);
108  while (stepper.distanceToGo() != 0) {
109    stepper.run();
110    stepperX.run();
111    stepperY.run();
112    stepperZ.run();
113  }
114}
115
116void runSequence() {
117
118  attemptCounter++; 
119  
120  int slotX, slotY, slotZ;
121
122  // Force win every nth attempt, depending on the value of "treat" selected in dashboard
123
124  if (treat > 0 && attemptCounter % treat == 0) {
125    
126    // Pick a random target position for reel X
127    int winPos = random(0, 8);
128    String winSymbol = reelX[winPos];
129    
130    // Find the closest position on Y and Z that shows the same symbol
131    int winPosY = -1, winPosZ = -1;
132    for (int pos = 0; pos < 8; pos++) {
133      if (reelY[pos] == winSymbol) winPosY = pos;
134      if (reelZ[pos] == winSymbol) winPosZ = pos;
135    }
136
137    slotX = (winPos - Xpos + 8) % 8;
138    slotY = (winPosY - Ypos + 8) % 8;
139    slotZ = (winPosZ - Zpos + 8) % 8;
140 }   
141  else{
142    slotX = random(0, 8);
143    slotY = random(0, 8);
144    slotZ = random(0, 8);
145  }
146
147  
148  Xpos = (Xpos + slotX) % 8;
149  Ypos = (Ypos + slotY) % 8;
150  Zpos = (Zpos + slotZ) % 8;  
151
152  long targetX = slotX * STEPS_PER_SQUARE;
153  long targetY = slotY * STEPS_PER_SQUARE;
154  long targetZ = slotZ * STEPS_PER_SQUARE;
155  
156  long moveX = (10 * STEPS_PER_REV) + targetX;
157  long moveY = (12 * STEPS_PER_REV) + targetY;
158  long moveZ = (14 * STEPS_PER_REV) + targetZ;
159  Serial.print("move values ");
160  Serial.println(moveX);
161  stepperX.moveTo(moveX);
162  stepperY.moveTo(moveY);
163  stepperZ.moveTo(moveZ);
164
165  bool xJittered = false;
166  bool yJittered = false;
167  bool zJittered = false;
168  
169  
170  while (!xJittered || !yJittered || !zJittered) {
171    stepperX.run();
172    stepperY.run();
173    stepperZ.run();
174
175    if (!xJittered && stepperX.distanceToGo() == 0) {
176      doJitter(stepperX);
177      xJittered = true;
178    }
179
180    if (!yJittered && stepperY.distanceToGo() == 0) {
181      doJitter(stepperY);
182      yJittered = true;
183    }
184
185    if (!zJittered && stepperZ.distanceToGo() == 0) {
186      doJitter(stepperZ);
187      zJittered = true;
188    }
189
190    
191  }
192  // Check if the combination is in list
193    checkWin();
194
195  digitalWrite(8, HIGH);
196
197  // Reset positions so moveTo works correctly next run
198  stepperX.setCurrentPosition(0);
199  stepperY.setCurrentPosition(0);
200  stepperZ.setCurrentPosition(0);
201}
202
203void setup() {
204
205  Serial.begin(9600);
206  delay(1500);
207
208  initProperties();
209  ArduinoCloud.begin(ArduinoIoTPreferredConnection);
210
211  pinMode(8, OUTPUT);
212  digitalWrite(8, HIGH); // steppers disabled
213
214  pinMode(switchPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
215
216
217  pinMode(motor_pwm, OUTPUT);
218  pinMode(motor_dir, OUTPUT);
219
220
221  // Stop motor initially
222  digitalWrite(motor_dir, LOW);
223  digitalWrite(motor_pwm, 0);
224
225  randomSeed(analogRead(A0));
226
227  stepperX.setMaxSpeed(6000);
228  stepperX.setAcceleration(20000);
229
230  stepperY.setMaxSpeed(6000);
231  stepperY.setAcceleration(20000);
232
233  stepperZ.setMaxSpeed(6000);
234  stepperZ.setAcceleration(20000);
235}
236
237void loop() {
238
239  ArduinoCloud.update();
240
241  // Read switch (active LOW)
242  bool currentSwitchState = !digitalRead(switchPin);
243
244
245  // When physical switch just turned on AND "ON" button on dashboard is on
246  if (currentSwitchState && !lastSwitchState && on) {
247    digitalWrite(8, LOW);   // enable steppers
248    runSequence();
249  }
250
251  lastSwitchState = currentSwitchState;
252
253 
254}
255
256void onOnChange() {
257  
258}
259
260
261void onTreatChange(){
262  
263}
264
265
266void motorForward(int speed) {
267  digitalWrite(motor_dir, HIGH);
268  analogWrite(motor_pwm, speed);
269}
270
271void motorBackward(int speed) {
272  digitalWrite(motor_dir, LOW);
273  analogWrite(motor_pwm, speed);
274}
275
276void motorStop() {
277  analogWrite(motor_pwm, 0);
278}

/* 
  Arduino IoT Cloud integration

  The following variables are automatically generated and updated when changes are made to the Thing

  int treat;
  bool on;

  Variables which are marked as READ/WRITE in the Cloud Thing will also have functions
  which are called when their values are changed from the Dashboard.
  These functions are generated with the Thing and added at the end of this sketch.
*/

#include "thingProperties.h"
#include <AccelStepper.h>

// Stepper motors
AccelStepper stepperX(1, 12, 13); 
AccelStepper stepperY(1, 3, 6);
AccelStepper stepperZ(1, 4, 7);


// Using 1/8 stepping on stepper motors
const long STEPS_PER_REV = 1600;
const long STEPS_PER_SQUARE = 200; // 8 "squares" on each wheel


// DC motor
const int motor_pwm = 9; 
const int motor_dir = 10;  

// LEVER switch
const int switchPin = 11;  // Z+ endstop pin on CNC shield
bool lastSwitchState = false;


// tracking slot machine positions
int Xpos = 0;
int Ypos = 0;
int Zpos = 0;

// tracking attempts
int attemptCounter = 0;

// reel symbol positions
String reelX[] = {"bowl", "mouse", "bow", "fish", "cat", "bowl", "paw", "fish"};
String reelY[] = {"bowl", "bow", "bowl", "fish", "paw", "mouse", "fish", "cat"};
String reelZ[] = {"bowl", "bow", "fish", "cat", "mouse", "bowl", "paw", "fish"};


void checkWin() {
  // Get the current symbols based on positions
  String symbolX = reelX[Xpos];
  String symbolY = reelY[Ypos];
  String symbolZ = reelZ[Zpos];

  Serial.print("Symbols: (");
  Serial.print(symbolX);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(symbolY);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(symbolZ);
  Serial.print(") at positions (");
  Serial.print(Xpos);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(Ypos);
  Serial.print(", ");
  Serial.print(Zpos);
  Serial.println(")");
  

  // Check if all three symbols match
  if (symbolX == symbolY && symbolY == symbolZ) {
    Serial.println("YOU WIN!!");

    motorForward(40);
  
    delay(350);
    motorStop();
    
    motorBackward(80);
    delay(100);
    motorStop();
  }
}

void doJitter(AccelStepper &stepper) {

  int jitterAmount = 40;

  stepper.move(jitterAmount);
  while (stepper.distanceToGo() != 0) {
    stepper.run();
    stepperX.run();
    stepperY.run();
    stepperZ.run();
  }

  stepper.move(-jitterAmount * 2);
  while (stepper.distanceToGo() != 0) {
    stepper.run();
    stepperX.run();
    stepperY.run();
    stepperZ.run();
  }

  stepper.move(jitterAmount);
  while (stepper.distanceToGo() != 0) {
    stepper.run();
    stepperX.run();
    stepperY.run();
    stepperZ.run();
  }
}

void runSequence() {

  attemptCounter++; 
  
  int slotX, slotY, slotZ;

  // Force win every nth attempt, depending on the value of "treat" selected in dashboard

  if (treat > 0 && attemptCounter % treat == 0) {
    
    // Pick a random target position for reel X
    int winPos = random(0, 8);
    String winSymbol = reelX[winPos];
    
    // Find the closest position on Y and Z that shows the same symbol
    int winPosY = -1, winPosZ = -1;
    for (int pos = 0; pos < 8; pos++) {
      if (reelY[pos] == winSymbol) winPosY = pos;
      if (reelZ[pos] == winSymbol) winPosZ = pos;
    }

    slotX = (winPos - Xpos + 8) % 8;
    slotY = (winPosY - Ypos + 8) % 8;
    slotZ = (winPosZ - Zpos + 8) % 8;
 }   
  else{
    slotX = random(0, 8);
    slotY = random(0, 8);
    slotZ = random(0, 8);
  }

  
  Xpos = (Xpos + slotX) % 8;
  Ypos = (Ypos + slotY) % 8;
  Zpos = (Zpos + slotZ) % 8;  

  long targetX = slotX * STEPS_PER_SQUARE;
  long targetY = slotY * STEPS_PER_SQUARE;
  long targetZ = slotZ * STEPS_PER_SQUARE;
  
  long moveX = (10 * STEPS_PER_REV) + targetX;
  long moveY = (12 * STEPS_PER_REV) + targetY;
  long moveZ = (14 * STEPS_PER_REV) + targetZ;
  Serial.print("move values ");
  Serial.println(moveX);
  stepperX.moveTo(moveX);
  stepperY.moveTo(moveY);
  stepperZ.moveTo(moveZ);

  bool xJittered = false;
  bool yJittered = false;
  bool zJittered = false;
  
  
  while (!xJittered || !yJittered || !zJittered) {
    stepperX.run();
    stepperY.run();
    stepperZ.run();

    if (!xJittered && stepperX.distanceToGo() == 0) {
      doJitter(stepperX);
      xJittered = true;
    }

    if (!yJittered && stepperY.distanceToGo() == 0) {
      doJitter(stepperY);
      yJittered = true;
    }

    if (!zJittered && stepperZ.distanceToGo() == 0) {
      doJitter(stepperZ);
      zJittered = true;
    }

    
  }
  // Check if the combination is in list
    checkWin();

  digitalWrite(8, HIGH);

  // Reset positions so moveTo works correctly next run
  stepperX.setCurrentPosition(0);
  stepperY.setCurrentPosition(0);
  stepperZ.setCurrentPosition(0);
}

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(1500);

  initProperties();
  ArduinoCloud.begin(ArduinoIoTPreferredConnection);

  pinMode(8, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(8, HIGH); // steppers disabled

  pinMode(switchPin, INPUT_PULLUP);


  pinMode(motor_pwm, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor_dir, OUTPUT);


  // Stop motor initially
  digitalWrite(motor_dir, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor_pwm, 0);

  randomSeed(analogRead(A0));

  stepperX.setMaxSpeed(6000);
  stepperX.setAcceleration(20000);

  stepperY.setMaxSpeed(6000);
  stepperY.setAcceleration(20000);

  stepperZ.setMaxSpeed(6000);
  stepperZ.setAcceleration(20000);
}

void loop() {

  ArduinoCloud.update();

  // Read switch (active LOW)
  bool currentSwitchState = !digitalRead(switchPin);


  // When physical switch just turned on AND "ON" button on dashboard is on
  if (currentSwitchState && !lastSwitchState && on) {
    digitalWrite(8, LOW);   // enable steppers
    runSequence();
  }

  lastSwitchState = currentSwitchState;

 
}

void onOnChange() {
  
}


void onTreatChange(){
  
}


void motorForward(int speed) {
  digitalWrite(motor_dir, HIGH);
  analogWrite(motor_pwm, speed);
}

void motorBackward(int speed) {
  digitalWrite(motor_dir, LOW);
  analogWrite(motor_pwm, speed);
}

void motorStop() {
  analogWrite(motor_pwm, 0);
}

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