Bike trainer logger

Retrieve data from speed and cadence sensor in a bike trainer. Display info in LCD screen and log in a SD Card

Oct 1, 2020

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Components and supplies

Wemos D1 Mini

Alphanumeric LCD, 16 x 2

SPI micro SD card- mini TF reader module

Trimmer Potentiometer, 10 kohm

Arduino Nano R3

magnetic N.O. switch

Project description

Code

Trainer.ino

arduino

Initial version of the software

1/*   Cimanes   30/04/2019
2 *    
3 *   Receive speed and cadence  signals from a bike trainer 
4 *   Use one "attachinterrupt" for speed singal.
5  *   The "attachinterrupt" will trigger the speed calculations. 
6 *   Cadence  is not triggered with an attach interrupt, as it was causing unstable behavior.  
7 *   Process the signal as a cycling computer (speed, cadence, pedals, distance,  time, average speed/cadence)
8 *   Serial print/plot the results
9 *   Display  results in LCD display
10 *   Save results in a file on a SD card (Trainer.log).
11  *   
12 *   Original software has been designed to work with a "Tacx Fortius"  bike trainer. 
13 *   Digital inputs are configured as Input Pullup. Cadence signal  is sampled in parallel to the Arduino and to the Fortius.
14 *   Note: the Fortius  cadence sensor uses voltage (0 VDC = constant) and (-5 VDC = pulses). 
15 *   
16  *   SD card attached to SPI bus as follows:
17 *   MOSI     - pin 11 (UNO & NANO)  / pin 51 (MEGA)
18 *   MISO     - pin 12 (UNO & NANO) / pin 50 (MEGA)
19 *   CLK      - pin 13 (UNO & NANO) / pin 52 (MEGA)
20 *   CS or SS - pin 10 (UNO & NANO)  / pin 53 (MEGA) / pin 4 (Ethernet Shield)
21 *   
22 *   MISO (Master In Slave  Out) - The Slave line for sending data to the master,
23 *   MOSI (Master Out Slave  In) - The Master line for sending data to the peripherals,
24 *   SCK / CLK (Serial  Clock) - The clock pulses which synchronize data transmission generated by the master  and one line specific for every device:
25 *   SS (Slave Select) - the pin on each  device that the master can use to enable and disable specific devices.
26 *   
27  *   On the Ethernet Shield, CS is pin 4. It's set as an output by default.
28 *   Note that even if it's not used as the CS pin, the hardware SS pin (10 on most  Arduino boards, 53 on the Mega) 
29 *   must be left as an output or the SD library  functions will not work. 
30 *   
31 *   LCD connection (LCD 1602 used):   
32  *   {VSS VDD  V0 RS  RW  E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7  A   K }
33 *   {GND +5V POT  23 GND 25  -  -  -  - 27 22 24 26 +5V GND} --> MEGA board
34 *   {GND +5V POT  4  GND  5  -  -  -  -  6  7  8  9 +5V GND} --> NANO board
35 */
36
37#include <LiquidCrystal.h>  // LCD library
38// LCD connection   RS E  D4  D5  D6  D7
39  LiquidCrystal  lcd(4, 5, 6,  7,  8,  9);    // --> for NANO
40//  LiquidCrystal lcd(23, 25, 27,  22, 24, 26);    // --> (optional) for MEGA. Other options valid too
41
42#include  <SPI.h>            // Library for SPI communication with SD card
43#include <SD.h>             // SD card library
44  File myFile;
45
46const byte SSpin    =   10  ; // (MEGA = 53; NANO = 10). Pin for "Save Select"; digital input
47const byte  logpin   =    0 ; // (MEGA = 4 ; NANO =  0). Pin for "log save"; digital input  
48const byte cadpin   =    3 ; // Pin for cadence pulse; digital input 
49
50const  byte Dspd     =    2 ; // Max speed difference between consecutive readings (km/h)
51const  float wheel   = 2.09 ; // wheel length in cms
52const int DTspd     = 1500 ; //  Max allowed time delay between speed pulses 
53const int DTspdmin  =  100 ; //  Min time delay between speed pulses
54const int DTcad     = 3000 ; // Max allowed  time delay between cadence pulses 
55const int DTcadmin  =  350 ; // Min time delay  between cadence pulses
56const int DTprint   = 2000 ; // Time delay for serial  print refresh 
57const int DTlog     = 2000 ; // Time delay for data-logger in  SD card file; recommended DTlog >= DTprint for accuracy on average readings.
58const  int DTdisp1   = 1800 ; // Time delay for LCD main screen refresh
59const int DTdisp2  = 10000 ; // Time delay for LCD second screen refresh
60
61unsigned long t      =  0 ;   // Current time in miliseconds
62unsigned long t_c  = 500 ;   // Current  "pedalling" time (Cadence > 0).
63unsigned long t_s  = 100 ;   // Current "cycling"  time (Speed > 0). 
64unsigned long tspd   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for cadence calculation
65unsigned long tcad   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for cadence calculation
66unsigned long tprint = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for signal print
67unsigned long tdisp1 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for LCD refresh
68unsigned long tdisp2 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for LCD screen shift
69unsigned long tlog   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for data-logger
70
71unsigned int Turn   = 0 ;    // Number of pulses from the  speed sensor
72unsigned int Pedal  = 0 ;    // Number of pedals
73unsigned int  Pedal0 = 0 ;    // Number of pedals (reference)
74float Speed     = 0 ;        //  Speed (km/h)
75float Speed0    = 0 ;        // Speed reference for filter
76byte  Cadence   = 0 ;        // Cadence (rpm)
77byte  Cadence0  = 0 ;        // Cadence  reference for filter
78byte  Dcad      = 4 ;        // Max cadence difference
79
80float  flMin = 0 ;            // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
81byte  Min   = 0 ;            // Time (minutes) in movement (speed > 0)
82byte  Sec   = 0 ;            // Time (seconds) in movement (speed > 0)
83float Dist  = 0  ;            // Distance (km)
84float Avspd = 0 ;            // Average speed (km/h)
85byte  Avcad = 0 ;            // Average cadence (pedals / min)
86
87void setup() {
88  pinMode(2,        INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Attach interrupt for speed detection
89  pinMode(cadpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Pin: input pulse for cadence detection
90  pinMode(logpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Digital input to save data-log file
91  pinMode(SSpin,          OUTPUT) ;   // Slave Select pin for SPI communication
92  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN,    OUTPUT) ;    
93  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN,  LOW) ;   //  turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW (I don't like it blinking... :-) )
94  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(2),Spd_calc,FALLING);
95
96// Initiate  LCD display, Serial comm. and SD Card comm.:
97  lcd.begin(16, 2);                   //  16 characters; 2 lines
98  Serial.begin (9600);
99
100  lcd.clear();
101  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
102  lcd.print("SD INITIALIZE...");
103  delay(2000);
104
105  if (!SD.begin(SSpin))  {
106    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
107    lcd.print("SD INIT. FAILED ");
108    delay(5000);
109    return;
110  }
111  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
112  lcd.print(" SD INIT. DONE  ");
113  delay(2000);
114    
115// Open file "Trainer.log" to save data:  
116  myFile  = SD.open("Trainer.log", FILE_WRITE);    // Open the file
117
118  if(myFile)  {                                    // if the file oens, display an "OK" message:
119    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
120    lcd.print("   FILE OPEN:   ");
121    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
122    lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
123    delay(2000);
124    lcd.clear();
125  }
126  else {                                          // if the file didn't open,  display an error message:
127    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
128    lcd.print("  FILE ERROR:   ");
129    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
130    lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
131    delay(5000);
132    lcd.clear();
133  }
134
135// Print the header in the data-log file:
136  myFile.println("Min"  + String("\	") + "Speed" + String("\	") + "Cadence" + String("\	")  + "Av_Speed" 
137                 + String("\	") + "Av_Cadence" + String("\	")  + "Distance" + String("\	") + "Pedals");
138  
139  for (int i=0; i<3; i++)  {        // Initial display on LCD
140    lcd.setCursor(4,0);
141    lcd.print("CIMANES");                                   
142    lcd.setCursor(1,1);
143    lcd.print("START  TRAINING");
144    delay(800);
145    lcd.clear();
146    delay(200);
147  } 
148}
149
150void  loop() {
151// Enable line #153 [t = millis();] to maintain LCD and print alive  while Speed = 0;
152// Disable line #153 [t = millis();] to freeze print and LCD  while Speed = 0;
153  t = millis();                                           //  Time ellapsed since start
154  if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and t - tcad > DTcadmin)   Cad_calc();   // Cadence calculation upon cadence pulse
155  if (t - tprint >  DTprint)           Print()   ;   // Check timer for "print" refresh
156  if (t  - tdisp1 > DTdisp1)           Disp()    ;   // Check timer for LD refresh
157  if  (t - tlog   > DTlog  )           Log()     ;   // Check timer for data-logger.
158  if (!digitalRead(logpin)) {
159    myFile.close();
160    lcd.clear();
161    lcd.setCursor(2,0);
162    lcd.print("FILE SAVED");
163    delay(2000);
164    lcd.clear();
165  }  
166}
167
168void  Spd_calc() {                                 
169  t = millis();                                                 //  Refresh time
170//  if ((t - tspd) > DTspdmin) {      // Filter needed????   ****************
171    Speed = (wheel) * 3600 / (t -  tspd);                       // Calculate the  raw speed (wheel(209 cm)  * 3.6 = 752.4)
172    Speed = constrain(Speed, Speed0  - Dspd, Speed0 + Dspd);     // Constrain speed incremental
173
174    if (t - tspd  < DTspd)   t_s = t_s + (t - tspd);             // Increase time counter for average  speed
175    Speed0 = Speed;                                             // Refresh  Speed reference for filter
176    tspd = t;                                                   //  Refresh time reference for Speed calculation
177    Turn++;                                                     //  Increase number of wheel turns
178}
179
180void Cad_calc() {
181    t = millis();                                                      // Refresh time
182    if  (Cadence0 < 65) Dcad = 15;
183    else Dcad = 4;
184    Pedal++;                                                           //  Increment pedals upon cadence pulse
185    Cadence = byte((Pedal - Pedal0) * 60000  / (t - tcad));             // Calculate the raw cadence (include the "lost" pedals)
186    Cadence = constrain(Cadence, max(0, Cadence0 - Dcad), Cadence0 + Dcad);
187    
188    if(t - tcad < DTcad) t_c = t_c + (t - tcad);                       //  Increase time counter for average cadence  
189    tcad = t;                                                          //  Refresh cadence signal timer
190    Pedal0 = Pedal;                                                    //  Refresh Pedal reference
191    Cadence0 = Cadence;                                                //  Refresh Cadence reference for filter       
192}
193
194void Print() {
195// Force  Speed and cadence to "0" when no pulses are detected for the pre-selected time  delay:
196  if (t - tspd > DTspd) Speed   = 0;
197  if (t - tcad > DTcad) Cadence  = 0;
198  
199// Calculate Timers and average values
200   flMin = float(t_s) /  60000;                  // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
201   Min  = flMin       ;                          // Time (minutes) in movement (speed >  0)
202   Sec = 60 * (flMin - Min);                    // Time (seconds) in movement  (speed > 0)
203   Dist  = Turn * wheel   / 1000 ;              // Distance (km)
204  if (Dist < 0,1) Avspd = 0;
205  else Avspd = Dist * 3600000 / t_s  ;              //  Average speed (km/h)
206   if (t_c < 5000) Avcad = Cadence; 
207   else Avcad =  byte(Pedal * 60000 / t_c)  ;    // Average cadence (pedals / min)
208
209   Serial.print("S:");
210   Serial.print(Speed,1);
211   Serial.print(" C:");
212   Serial.println(Cadence);
213//   Additional available plots (can be added to the previous command:
214//   Serial.print("  AS:");
215//   Serial.print(Avspd);
216//   Serial.print(" D:");
217//   Serial.print(Dist);
218//   Serial.print(" T:");
219//   Serial.print(Turn);
220//   Serial.print(" T:");
221//   Serial.print(flMin,1);
222//   Serial.print(" P:");
223//   Serial.print(Pedal/100);
224//   Serial.print(" AC:"); 
225//   Serial.print(Avcad);
226//   Serial.print("  t:");
227//   Serial.println(t);   
228
229tprint = t;
230   if (!digitalRead(cadpin)  and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
231}
232
233void Disp() {
234// Check if  the "shift screen" pushbutton is pressed (digital input pint 7)
235
236   if (t  - tdisp2 > DTdisp2) {
237     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
238     lcd.print("AS       T   :  ");
239     lcd.setCursor(3, 0);
240     lcd.print(Avspd, 1);
241     lcd.setCursor(11,  0);
242     lcd.print(Min);
243     lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
244     lcd.print(Sec);
245     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
246     lcd.print("AC   P     D    ");
247     lcd.setCursor(2,  1);
248     lcd.print(Avcad);
249     lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
250     lcd.print(Pedal);
251     lcd.setCursor(12, 1);
252     lcd.print(Dist,1);
253     tdisp1 = t;
254     tdisp2  = t;
255   }
256      
257   else    {
258     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
259     lcd.print("                ");
260     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
261     lcd.print("S       T   :   ");
262     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
263     lcd.print("                ");
264     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
265     lcd.print("D       C       ");
266     lcd.setCursor(2,  0);
267     lcd.print(Speed, 1);
268     lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
269     lcd.print(Min);
270     lcd.setCursor(13,0);
271     lcd.print(Sec);
272     lcd.setCursor(2, 1);
273     lcd.print(Dist,1);
274     lcd.setCursor(10, 1);
275     lcd.print(Cadence);
276     tdisp1 = t;
277   }
278   if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
279}
280
281void Log() {
282  myFile.print(flMin);
283  myFile.print("\	");
284  myFile.print(Speed,1);
285  myFile.print("\	");
286  myFile.print(Cadence);
287  myFile.print("\	");
288  myFile.print(Avspd);
289  myFile.print("\	");
290  myFile.print(Avcad);
291  myFile.print("\	");
292  myFile.print(Dist);
293  myFile.print("\	");
294  myFile.println(Pedal);
295  tlog = t;
296  if (!digitalRead(cadpin)  and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
297}
298

/*   Cimanes   30/04/2019
 *    
 *   Receive speed and cadence  signals from a bike trainer 
 *   Use one "attachinterrupt" for speed singal.
  *   The "attachinterrupt" will trigger the speed calculations. 
 *   Cadence  is not triggered with an attach interrupt, as it was causing unstable behavior.  
 *   Process the signal as a cycling computer (speed, cadence, pedals, distance,  time, average speed/cadence)
 *   Serial print/plot the results
 *   Display  results in LCD display
 *   Save results in a file on a SD card (Trainer.log).
  *   
 *   Original software has been designed to work with a "Tacx Fortius"  bike trainer. 
 *   Digital inputs are configured as Input Pullup. Cadence signal  is sampled in parallel to the Arduino and to the Fortius.
 *   Note: the Fortius  cadence sensor uses voltage (0 VDC = constant) and (-5 VDC = pulses). 
 *   
  *   SD card attached to SPI bus as follows:
 *   MOSI     - pin 11 (UNO & NANO)  / pin 51 (MEGA)
 *   MISO     - pin 12 (UNO & NANO) / pin 50 (MEGA)
 *   CLK      - pin 13 (UNO & NANO) / pin 52 (MEGA)
 *   CS or SS - pin 10 (UNO & NANO)  / pin 53 (MEGA) / pin 4 (Ethernet Shield)
 *   
 *   MISO (Master In Slave  Out) - The Slave line for sending data to the master,
 *   MOSI (Master Out Slave  In) - The Master line for sending data to the peripherals,
 *   SCK / CLK (Serial  Clock) - The clock pulses which synchronize data transmission generated by the master  and one line specific for every device:
 *   SS (Slave Select) - the pin on each  device that the master can use to enable and disable specific devices.
 *   
  *   On the Ethernet Shield, CS is pin 4. It's set as an output by default.
 *   Note that even if it's not used as the CS pin, the hardware SS pin (10 on most  Arduino boards, 53 on the Mega) 
 *   must be left as an output or the SD library  functions will not work. 
 *   
 *   LCD connection (LCD 1602 used):   
  *   {VSS VDD  V0 RS  RW  E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7  A   K }
 *   {GND +5V POT  23 GND 25  -  -  -  - 27 22 24 26 +5V GND} --> MEGA board
 *   {GND +5V POT  4  GND  5  -  -  -  -  6  7  8  9 +5V GND} --> NANO board
 */

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>  // LCD library
// LCD connection   RS E  D4  D5  D6  D7
  LiquidCrystal  lcd(4, 5, 6,  7,  8,  9);    // --> for NANO
//  LiquidCrystal lcd(23, 25, 27,  22, 24, 26);    // --> (optional) for MEGA. Other options valid too

#include  <SPI.h>            // Library for SPI communication with SD card
#include <SD.h>             // SD card library
  File myFile;

const byte SSpin    =   10  ; // (MEGA = 53; NANO = 10). Pin for "Save Select"; digital input
const byte  logpin   =    0 ; // (MEGA = 4 ; NANO =  0). Pin for "log save"; digital input  
const byte cadpin   =    3 ; // Pin for cadence pulse; digital input 

const  byte Dspd     =    2 ; // Max speed difference between consecutive readings (km/h)
const  float wheel   = 2.09 ; // wheel length in cms
const int DTspd     = 1500 ; //  Max allowed time delay between speed pulses 
const int DTspdmin  =  100 ; //  Min time delay between speed pulses
const int DTcad     = 3000 ; // Max allowed  time delay between cadence pulses 
const int DTcadmin  =  350 ; // Min time delay  between cadence pulses
const int DTprint   = 2000 ; // Time delay for serial  print refresh 
const int DTlog     = 2000 ; // Time delay for data-logger in  SD card file; recommended DTlog >= DTprint for accuracy on average readings.
const  int DTdisp1   = 1800 ; // Time delay for LCD main screen refresh
const int DTdisp2  = 10000 ; // Time delay for LCD second screen refresh

unsigned long t      =  0 ;   // Current time in miliseconds
unsigned long t_c  = 500 ;   // Current  "pedalling" time (Cadence > 0).
unsigned long t_s  = 100 ;   // Current "cycling"  time (Speed > 0). 
unsigned long tspd   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for cadence calculation
unsigned long tcad   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for cadence calculation
unsigned long tprint = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for signal print
unsigned long tdisp1 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for LCD refresh
unsigned long tdisp2 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for LCD screen shift
unsigned long tlog   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds  for data-logger

unsigned int Turn   = 0 ;    // Number of pulses from the  speed sensor
unsigned int Pedal  = 0 ;    // Number of pedals
unsigned int  Pedal0 = 0 ;    // Number of pedals (reference)
float Speed     = 0 ;        //  Speed (km/h)
float Speed0    = 0 ;        // Speed reference for filter
byte  Cadence   = 0 ;        // Cadence (rpm)
byte  Cadence0  = 0 ;        // Cadence  reference for filter
byte  Dcad      = 4 ;        // Max cadence difference

float  flMin = 0 ;            // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
byte  Min   = 0 ;            // Time (minutes) in movement (speed > 0)
byte  Sec   = 0 ;            // Time (seconds) in movement (speed > 0)
float Dist  = 0  ;            // Distance (km)
float Avspd = 0 ;            // Average speed (km/h)
byte  Avcad = 0 ;            // Average cadence (pedals / min)

void setup() {
  pinMode(2,        INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Attach interrupt for speed detection
  pinMode(cadpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Pin: input pulse for cadence detection
  pinMode(logpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Digital input to save data-log file
  pinMode(SSpin,          OUTPUT) ;   // Slave Select pin for SPI communication
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN,    OUTPUT) ;    
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN,  LOW) ;   //  turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW (I don't like it blinking... :-) )
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(2),Spd_calc,FALLING);

// Initiate  LCD display, Serial comm. and SD Card comm.:
  lcd.begin(16, 2);                   //  16 characters; 2 lines
  Serial.begin (9600);

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("SD INITIALIZE...");
  delay(2000);

  if (!SD.begin(SSpin))  {
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
    lcd.print("SD INIT. FAILED ");
    delay(5000);
    return;
  }
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(" SD INIT. DONE  ");
  delay(2000);
    
// Open file "Trainer.log" to save data:  
  myFile  = SD.open("Trainer.log", FILE_WRITE);    // Open the file

  if(myFile)  {                                    // if the file oens, display an "OK" message:
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
    lcd.print("   FILE OPEN:   ");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
    lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
    delay(2000);
    lcd.clear();
  }
  else {                                          // if the file didn't open,  display an error message:
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
    lcd.print("  FILE ERROR:   ");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
    lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
    delay(5000);
    lcd.clear();
  }

// Print the header in the data-log file:
  myFile.println("Min"  + String("\	") + "Speed" + String("\	") + "Cadence" + String("\	")  + "Av_Speed" 
                 + String("\	") + "Av_Cadence" + String("\	")  + "Distance" + String("\	") + "Pedals");
  
  for (int i=0; i<3; i++)  {        // Initial display on LCD
    lcd.setCursor(4,0);
    lcd.print("CIMANES");                                   
    lcd.setCursor(1,1);
    lcd.print("START  TRAINING");
    delay(800);
    lcd.clear();
    delay(200);
  } 
}

void  loop() {
// Enable line #153 [t = millis();] to maintain LCD and print alive  while Speed = 0;
// Disable line #153 [t = millis();] to freeze print and LCD  while Speed = 0;
  t = millis();                                           //  Time ellapsed since start
  if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and t - tcad > DTcadmin)   Cad_calc();   // Cadence calculation upon cadence pulse
  if (t - tprint >  DTprint)           Print()   ;   // Check timer for "print" refresh
  if (t  - tdisp1 > DTdisp1)           Disp()    ;   // Check timer for LD refresh
  if  (t - tlog   > DTlog  )           Log()     ;   // Check timer for data-logger.
  if (!digitalRead(logpin)) {
    myFile.close();
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(2,0);
    lcd.print("FILE SAVED");
    delay(2000);
    lcd.clear();
  }  
}

void  Spd_calc() {                                 
  t = millis();                                                 //  Refresh time
//  if ((t - tspd) > DTspdmin) {      // Filter needed????   ****************
    Speed = (wheel) * 3600 / (t -  tspd);                       // Calculate the  raw speed (wheel(209 cm)  * 3.6 = 752.4)
    Speed = constrain(Speed, Speed0  - Dspd, Speed0 + Dspd);     // Constrain speed incremental

    if (t - tspd  < DTspd)   t_s = t_s + (t - tspd);             // Increase time counter for average  speed
    Speed0 = Speed;                                             // Refresh  Speed reference for filter
    tspd = t;                                                   //  Refresh time reference for Speed calculation
    Turn++;                                                     //  Increase number of wheel turns
}

void Cad_calc() {
    t = millis();                                                      // Refresh time
    if  (Cadence0 < 65) Dcad = 15;
    else Dcad = 4;
    Pedal++;                                                           //  Increment pedals upon cadence pulse
    Cadence = byte((Pedal - Pedal0) * 60000  / (t - tcad));             // Calculate the raw cadence (include the "lost" pedals)
    Cadence = constrain(Cadence, max(0, Cadence0 - Dcad), Cadence0 + Dcad);
    
    if(t - tcad < DTcad) t_c = t_c + (t - tcad);                       //  Increase time counter for average cadence  
    tcad = t;                                                          //  Refresh cadence signal timer
    Pedal0 = Pedal;                                                    //  Refresh Pedal reference
    Cadence0 = Cadence;                                                //  Refresh Cadence reference for filter       
}

void Print() {
// Force  Speed and cadence to "0" when no pulses are detected for the pre-selected time  delay:
  if (t - tspd > DTspd) Speed   = 0;
  if (t - tcad > DTcad) Cadence  = 0;
  
// Calculate Timers and average values
   flMin = float(t_s) /  60000;                  // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
   Min  = flMin       ;                          // Time (minutes) in movement (speed >  0)
   Sec = 60 * (flMin - Min);                    // Time (seconds) in movement  (speed > 0)
   Dist  = Turn * wheel   / 1000 ;              // Distance (km)
  if (Dist < 0,1) Avspd = 0;
  else Avspd = Dist * 3600000 / t_s  ;              //  Average speed (km/h)
   if (t_c < 5000) Avcad = Cadence; 
   else Avcad =  byte(Pedal * 60000 / t_c)  ;    // Average cadence (pedals / min)

   Serial.print("S:");
   Serial.print(Speed,1);
   Serial.print(" C:");
   Serial.println(Cadence);
//   Additional available plots (can be added to the previous command:
//   Serial.print("  AS:");
//   Serial.print(Avspd);
//   Serial.print(" D:");
//   Serial.print(Dist);
//   Serial.print(" T:");
//   Serial.print(Turn);
//   Serial.print(" T:");
//   Serial.print(flMin,1);
//   Serial.print(" P:");
//   Serial.print(Pedal/100);
//   Serial.print(" AC:"); 
//   Serial.print(Avcad);
//   Serial.print("  t:");
//   Serial.println(t);   

tprint = t;
   if (!digitalRead(cadpin)  and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
}

void Disp() {
// Check if  the "shift screen" pushbutton is pressed (digital input pint 7)

   if (t  - tdisp2 > DTdisp2) {
     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
     lcd.print("AS       T   :  ");
     lcd.setCursor(3, 0);
     lcd.print(Avspd, 1);
     lcd.setCursor(11,  0);
     lcd.print(Min);
     lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
     lcd.print(Sec);
     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
     lcd.print("AC   P     D    ");
     lcd.setCursor(2,  1);
     lcd.print(Avcad);
     lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
     lcd.print(Pedal);
     lcd.setCursor(12, 1);
     lcd.print(Dist,1);
     tdisp1 = t;
     tdisp2  = t;
   }
      
   else    {
     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
     lcd.print("                ");
     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
     lcd.print("S       T   :   ");
     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
     lcd.print("                ");
     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
     lcd.print("D       C       ");
     lcd.setCursor(2,  0);
     lcd.print(Speed, 1);
     lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
     lcd.print(Min);
     lcd.setCursor(13,0);
     lcd.print(Sec);
     lcd.setCursor(2, 1);
     lcd.print(Dist,1);
     lcd.setCursor(10, 1);
     lcd.print(Cadence);
     tdisp1 = t;
   }
   if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
}

void Log() {
  myFile.print(flMin);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Speed,1);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Cadence);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Avspd);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Avcad);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Dist);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.println(Pedal);
  tlog = t;
  if (!digitalRead(cadpin)  and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
}

Trainer.ino

arduino

Initial version of the software

1/*   Cimanes   30/04/2019
2 *    
3 *   Receive speed and cadence   signals from a bike trainer 
4 *   Use one "attachinterrupt" for speed singal.
5   *   The "attachinterrupt" will trigger the speed calculations. 
6 *   Cadence   is not triggered with an attach interrupt, as it was causing unstable behavior.   
7 *   Process the signal as a cycling computer (speed, cadence, pedals, distance,   time, average speed/cadence)
8 *   Serial print/plot the results
9 *   Display   results in LCD display
10 *   Save results in a file on a SD card (Trainer.log).
11   *   
12 *   Original software has been designed to work with a "Tacx Fortius"   bike trainer. 
13 *   Digital inputs are configured as Input Pullup. Cadence signal   is sampled in parallel to the Arduino and to the Fortius.
14 *   Note: the Fortius   cadence sensor uses voltage (0 VDC = constant) and (-5 VDC = pulses). 
15 *   
16   *   SD card attached to SPI bus as follows:
17 *   MOSI     - pin 11 (UNO & NANO)   / pin 51 (MEGA)
18 *   MISO     - pin 12 (UNO & NANO) / pin 50 (MEGA)
19 *   CLK       - pin 13 (UNO & NANO) / pin 52 (MEGA)
20 *   CS or SS - pin 10 (UNO & NANO)   / pin 53 (MEGA) / pin 4 (Ethernet Shield)
21 *   
22 *   MISO (Master In Slave   Out) - The Slave line for sending data to the master,
23 *   MOSI (Master Out Slave   In) - The Master line for sending data to the peripherals,
24 *   SCK / CLK (Serial   Clock) - The clock pulses which synchronize data transmission generated by the master   and one line specific for every device:
25 *   SS (Slave Select) - the pin on each   device that the master can use to enable and disable specific devices.
26 *   
27   *   On the Ethernet Shield, CS is pin 4. It's set as an output by default.
28 *    Note that even if it's not used as the CS pin, the hardware SS pin (10 on most   Arduino boards, 53 on the Mega) 
29 *   must be left as an output or the SD library   functions will not work. 
30 *   
31 *   LCD connection (LCD 1602 used):   
32   *   {VSS VDD  V0 RS  RW  E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7  A   K }
33 *   {GND +5V POT   23 GND 25  -  -  -  - 27 22 24 26 +5V GND} --> MEGA board
34 *   {GND +5V POT  4   GND  5  -  -  -  -  6  7  8  9 +5V GND} --> NANO board
35 */
36
37#include <LiquidCrystal.h>   // LCD library
38// LCD connection   RS E  D4  D5  D6  D7
39  LiquidCrystal   lcd(4, 5, 6,  7,  8,  9);    // --> for NANO
40//  LiquidCrystal lcd(23, 25, 27,   22, 24, 26);    // --> (optional) for MEGA. Other options valid too
41
42#include   <SPI.h>            // Library for SPI communication with SD card
43#include <SD.h>              // SD card library
44  File myFile;
45
46const byte SSpin    =   10   ; // (MEGA = 53; NANO = 10). Pin for "Save Select"; digital input
47const byte   logpin   =    0 ; // (MEGA = 4 ; NANO =  0). Pin for "log save"; digital input   
48const byte cadpin   =    3 ; // Pin for cadence pulse; digital input 
49
50const   byte Dspd     =    2 ; // Max speed difference between consecutive readings (km/h)
51const   float wheel   = 2.09 ; // wheel length in cms
52const int DTspd     = 1500 ; //   Max allowed time delay between speed pulses 
53const int DTspdmin  =  100 ; //   Min time delay between speed pulses
54const int DTcad     = 3000 ; // Max allowed   time delay between cadence pulses 
55const int DTcadmin  =  350 ; // Min time delay   between cadence pulses
56const int DTprint   = 2000 ; // Time delay for serial   print refresh 
57const int DTlog     = 2000 ; // Time delay for data-logger in   SD card file; recommended DTlog >= DTprint for accuracy on average readings.
58const   int DTdisp1   = 1800 ; // Time delay for LCD main screen refresh
59const int DTdisp2   = 10000 ; // Time delay for LCD second screen refresh
60
61unsigned long t      =   0 ;   // Current time in miliseconds
62unsigned long t_c  = 500 ;   // Current   "pedalling" time (Cadence > 0).
63unsigned long t_s  = 100 ;   // Current "cycling"   time (Speed > 0). 
64unsigned long tspd   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for cadence calculation
65unsigned long tcad   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for cadence calculation
66unsigned long tprint = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for signal print
67unsigned long tdisp1 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for LCD refresh
68unsigned long tdisp2 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for LCD screen shift
69unsigned long tlog   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for data-logger
70
71unsigned int Turn   = 0 ;    // Number of pulses from the   speed sensor
72unsigned int Pedal  = 0 ;    // Number of pedals
73unsigned int   Pedal0 = 0 ;    // Number of pedals (reference)
74float Speed     = 0 ;        //   Speed (km/h)
75float Speed0    = 0 ;        // Speed reference for filter
76byte   Cadence   = 0 ;        // Cadence (rpm)
77byte  Cadence0  = 0 ;        // Cadence   reference for filter
78byte  Dcad      = 4 ;        // Max cadence difference
79
80float   flMin = 0 ;            // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
81byte   Min   = 0 ;            // Time (minutes) in movement (speed > 0)
82byte  Sec    = 0 ;            // Time (seconds) in movement (speed > 0)
83float Dist  = 0   ;            // Distance (km)
84float Avspd = 0 ;            // Average speed (km/h)
85byte   Avcad = 0 ;            // Average cadence (pedals / min)
86
87void setup() {
88   pinMode(2,        INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Attach interrupt for speed detection
89   pinMode(cadpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Pin: input pulse for cadence detection
90   pinMode(logpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Digital input to save data-log file
91   pinMode(SSpin,          OUTPUT) ;   // Slave Select pin for SPI communication
92   pinMode(LED_BUILTIN,    OUTPUT) ;    
93  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN,  LOW) ;   //   turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW (I don't like it blinking... :-) )
94   attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(2),Spd_calc,FALLING);
95
96// Initiate   LCD display, Serial comm. and SD Card comm.:
97  lcd.begin(16, 2);                   //   16 characters; 2 lines
98  Serial.begin (9600);
99
100  lcd.clear();
101  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
102   lcd.print("SD INITIALIZE...");
103  delay(2000);
104
105  if (!SD.begin(SSpin))   {
106    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
107    lcd.print("SD INIT. FAILED ");
108    delay(5000);
109     return;
110  }
111  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
112  lcd.print(" SD INIT. DONE  ");
113   delay(2000);
114    
115// Open file "Trainer.log" to save data:  
116  myFile   = SD.open("Trainer.log", FILE_WRITE);    // Open the file
117
118  if(myFile)   {                                    // if the file oens, display an "OK" message:
119     lcd.setCursor(0,0);
120    lcd.print("   FILE OPEN:   ");
121    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
122     lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
123    delay(2000);
124    lcd.clear();
125   }
126  else {                                          // if the file didn't open,   display an error message:
127    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
128    lcd.print("  FILE ERROR:    ");
129    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
130    lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
131    delay(5000);
132     lcd.clear();
133  }
134
135// Print the header in the data-log file:
136  myFile.println("Min"   + String("\	") + "Speed" + String("\	") + "Cadence" + String("\	")   + "Av_Speed" 
137                 + String("\	") + "Av_Cadence" + String("\	")   + "Distance" + String("\	") + "Pedals");
138  
139  for (int i=0; i<3; i++)   {        // Initial display on LCD
140    lcd.setCursor(4,0);
141    lcd.print("CIMANES");                                    
142    lcd.setCursor(1,1);
143    lcd.print("START   TRAINING");
144    delay(800);
145    lcd.clear();
146    delay(200);
147  } 
148}
149
150void   loop() {
151// Enable line #153 [t = millis();] to maintain LCD and print alive   while Speed = 0;
152// Disable line #153 [t = millis();] to freeze print and LCD   while Speed = 0;
153  t = millis();                                           //   Time ellapsed since start
154  if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and t - tcad > DTcadmin)    Cad_calc();   // Cadence calculation upon cadence pulse
155  if (t - tprint >   DTprint)           Print()   ;   // Check timer for "print" refresh
156  if (t   - tdisp1 > DTdisp1)           Disp()    ;   // Check timer for LD refresh
157  if   (t - tlog   > DTlog  )           Log()     ;   // Check timer for data-logger.
158   if (!digitalRead(logpin)) {
159    myFile.close();
160    lcd.clear();
161    lcd.setCursor(2,0);
162     lcd.print("FILE SAVED");
163    delay(2000);
164    lcd.clear();
165  }  
166}
167
168void   Spd_calc() {                                 
169  t = millis();                                                 //   Refresh time
170//  if ((t - tspd) > DTspdmin) {      // Filter needed????   ****************
171     Speed = (wheel) * 3600 / (t -  tspd);                       // Calculate the   raw speed (wheel(209 cm)  * 3.6 = 752.4)
172    Speed = constrain(Speed, Speed0   - Dspd, Speed0 + Dspd);     // Constrain speed incremental
173
174    if (t - tspd   < DTspd)   t_s = t_s + (t - tspd);             // Increase time counter for average   speed
175    Speed0 = Speed;                                             // Refresh   Speed reference for filter
176    tspd = t;                                                   //   Refresh time reference for Speed calculation
177    Turn++;                                                     //   Increase number of wheel turns
178}
179
180void Cad_calc() {
181    t = millis();                                                       // Refresh time
182    if   (Cadence0 < 65) Dcad = 15;
183    else Dcad = 4;
184    Pedal++;                                                           //   Increment pedals upon cadence pulse
185    Cadence = byte((Pedal - Pedal0) * 60000   / (t - tcad));             // Calculate the raw cadence (include the "lost" pedals)
186     Cadence = constrain(Cadence, max(0, Cadence0 - Dcad), Cadence0 + Dcad);
187     
188    if(t - tcad < DTcad) t_c = t_c + (t - tcad);                       //   Increase time counter for average cadence  
189    tcad = t;                                                          //   Refresh cadence signal timer
190    Pedal0 = Pedal;                                                    //   Refresh Pedal reference
191    Cadence0 = Cadence;                                                //   Refresh Cadence reference for filter       
192}
193
194void Print() {
195// Force   Speed and cadence to "0" when no pulses are detected for the pre-selected time   delay:
196  if (t - tspd > DTspd) Speed   = 0;
197  if (t - tcad > DTcad) Cadence   = 0;
198  
199// Calculate Timers and average values
200   flMin = float(t_s) /   60000;                  // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
201   Min   = flMin       ;                          // Time (minutes) in movement (speed >   0)
202   Sec = 60 * (flMin - Min);                    // Time (seconds) in movement   (speed > 0)
203   Dist  = Turn * wheel   / 1000 ;              // Distance (km)
204   if (Dist < 0,1) Avspd = 0;
205  else Avspd = Dist * 3600000 / t_s  ;              //   Average speed (km/h)
206   if (t_c < 5000) Avcad = Cadence; 
207   else Avcad =   byte(Pedal * 60000 / t_c)  ;    // Average cadence (pedals / min)
208
209   Serial.print("S:");
210    Serial.print(Speed,1);
211   Serial.print(" C:");
212   Serial.println(Cadence);
213//    Additional available plots (can be added to the previous command:
214//   Serial.print("   AS:");
215//   Serial.print(Avspd);
216//   Serial.print(" D:");
217//   Serial.print(Dist);
218//    Serial.print(" T:");
219//   Serial.print(Turn);
220//   Serial.print(" T:");
221//    Serial.print(flMin,1);
222//   Serial.print(" P:");
223//   Serial.print(Pedal/100);
224//    Serial.print(" AC:"); 
225//   Serial.print(Avcad);
226//   Serial.print("   t:");
227//   Serial.println(t);   
228
229tprint = t;
230   if (!digitalRead(cadpin)   and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
231}
232
233void Disp() {
234// Check if   the "shift screen" pushbutton is pressed (digital input pint 7)
235
236   if (t   - tdisp2 > DTdisp2) {
237     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
238     lcd.print("AS       T    :  ");
239     lcd.setCursor(3, 0);
240     lcd.print(Avspd, 1);
241     lcd.setCursor(11,   0);
242     lcd.print(Min);
243     lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
244     lcd.print(Sec);
245      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
246     lcd.print("AC   P     D    ");
247     lcd.setCursor(2,   1);
248     lcd.print(Avcad);
249     lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
250     lcd.print(Pedal);
251      lcd.setCursor(12, 1);
252     lcd.print(Dist,1);
253     tdisp1 = t;
254     tdisp2   = t;
255   }
256      
257   else    {
258     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
259     lcd.print("                 ");
260     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
261     lcd.print("S       T    :   ");
262     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
263     lcd.print("                ");
264      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
265     lcd.print("D       C       ");
266     lcd.setCursor(2,   0);
267     lcd.print(Speed, 1);
268     lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
269     lcd.print(Min);
270      lcd.setCursor(13,0);
271     lcd.print(Sec);
272     lcd.setCursor(2, 1);
273      lcd.print(Dist,1);
274     lcd.setCursor(10, 1);
275     lcd.print(Cadence);
276      tdisp1 = t;
277   }
278   if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))   Pedal++;   
279}
280
281void Log() {
282  myFile.print(flMin);
283  myFile.print("\	");
284   myFile.print(Speed,1);
285  myFile.print("\	");
286  myFile.print(Cadence);
287   myFile.print("\	");
288  myFile.print(Avspd);
289  myFile.print("\	");
290   myFile.print(Avcad);
291  myFile.print("\	");
292  myFile.print(Dist);
293   myFile.print("\	");
294  myFile.println(Pedal);
295  tlog = t;
296  if (!digitalRead(cadpin)   and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
297}
298

/*   Cimanes   30/04/2019
 *    
 *   Receive speed and cadence   signals from a bike trainer 
 *   Use one "attachinterrupt" for speed singal.
   *   The "attachinterrupt" will trigger the speed calculations. 
 *   Cadence   is not triggered with an attach interrupt, as it was causing unstable behavior.   
 *   Process the signal as a cycling computer (speed, cadence, pedals, distance,   time, average speed/cadence)
 *   Serial print/plot the results
 *   Display   results in LCD display
 *   Save results in a file on a SD card (Trainer.log).
   *   
 *   Original software has been designed to work with a "Tacx Fortius"   bike trainer. 
 *   Digital inputs are configured as Input Pullup. Cadence signal   is sampled in parallel to the Arduino and to the Fortius.
 *   Note: the Fortius   cadence sensor uses voltage (0 VDC = constant) and (-5 VDC = pulses). 
 *   
   *   SD card attached to SPI bus as follows:
 *   MOSI     - pin 11 (UNO & NANO)   / pin 51 (MEGA)
 *   MISO     - pin 12 (UNO & NANO) / pin 50 (MEGA)
 *   CLK       - pin 13 (UNO & NANO) / pin 52 (MEGA)
 *   CS or SS - pin 10 (UNO & NANO)   / pin 53 (MEGA) / pin 4 (Ethernet Shield)
 *   
 *   MISO (Master In Slave   Out) - The Slave line for sending data to the master,
 *   MOSI (Master Out Slave   In) - The Master line for sending data to the peripherals,
 *   SCK / CLK (Serial   Clock) - The clock pulses which synchronize data transmission generated by the master   and one line specific for every device:
 *   SS (Slave Select) - the pin on each   device that the master can use to enable and disable specific devices.
 *   
   *   On the Ethernet Shield, CS is pin 4. It's set as an output by default.
 *    Note that even if it's not used as the CS pin, the hardware SS pin (10 on most   Arduino boards, 53 on the Mega) 
 *   must be left as an output or the SD library   functions will not work. 
 *   
 *   LCD connection (LCD 1602 used):   
   *   {VSS VDD  V0 RS  RW  E D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7  A   K }
 *   {GND +5V POT   23 GND 25  -  -  -  - 27 22 24 26 +5V GND} --> MEGA board
 *   {GND +5V POT  4   GND  5  -  -  -  -  6  7  8  9 +5V GND} --> NANO board
 */

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>   // LCD library
// LCD connection   RS E  D4  D5  D6  D7
  LiquidCrystal   lcd(4, 5, 6,  7,  8,  9);    // --> for NANO
//  LiquidCrystal lcd(23, 25, 27,   22, 24, 26);    // --> (optional) for MEGA. Other options valid too

#include   <SPI.h>            // Library for SPI communication with SD card
#include <SD.h>              // SD card library
  File myFile;

const byte SSpin    =   10   ; // (MEGA = 53; NANO = 10). Pin for "Save Select"; digital input
const byte   logpin   =    0 ; // (MEGA = 4 ; NANO =  0). Pin for "log save"; digital input   
const byte cadpin   =    3 ; // Pin for cadence pulse; digital input 

const   byte Dspd     =    2 ; // Max speed difference between consecutive readings (km/h)
const   float wheel   = 2.09 ; // wheel length in cms
const int DTspd     = 1500 ; //   Max allowed time delay between speed pulses 
const int DTspdmin  =  100 ; //   Min time delay between speed pulses
const int DTcad     = 3000 ; // Max allowed   time delay between cadence pulses 
const int DTcadmin  =  350 ; // Min time delay   between cadence pulses
const int DTprint   = 2000 ; // Time delay for serial   print refresh 
const int DTlog     = 2000 ; // Time delay for data-logger in   SD card file; recommended DTlog >= DTprint for accuracy on average readings.
const   int DTdisp1   = 1800 ; // Time delay for LCD main screen refresh
const int DTdisp2   = 10000 ; // Time delay for LCD second screen refresh

unsigned long t      =   0 ;   // Current time in miliseconds
unsigned long t_c  = 500 ;   // Current   "pedalling" time (Cadence > 0).
unsigned long t_s  = 100 ;   // Current "cycling"   time (Speed > 0). 
unsigned long tspd   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for cadence calculation
unsigned long tcad   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for cadence calculation
unsigned long tprint = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for signal print
unsigned long tdisp1 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for LCD refresh
unsigned long tdisp2 = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for LCD screen shift
unsigned long tlog   = 0 ;   // Time reference in miliseconds   for data-logger

unsigned int Turn   = 0 ;    // Number of pulses from the   speed sensor
unsigned int Pedal  = 0 ;    // Number of pedals
unsigned int   Pedal0 = 0 ;    // Number of pedals (reference)
float Speed     = 0 ;        //   Speed (km/h)
float Speed0    = 0 ;        // Speed reference for filter
byte   Cadence   = 0 ;        // Cadence (rpm)
byte  Cadence0  = 0 ;        // Cadence   reference for filter
byte  Dcad      = 4 ;        // Max cadence difference

float   flMin = 0 ;            // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
byte   Min   = 0 ;            // Time (minutes) in movement (speed > 0)
byte  Sec    = 0 ;            // Time (seconds) in movement (speed > 0)
float Dist  = 0   ;            // Distance (km)
float Avspd = 0 ;            // Average speed (km/h)
byte   Avcad = 0 ;            // Average cadence (pedals / min)

void setup() {
   pinMode(2,        INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Attach interrupt for speed detection
   pinMode(cadpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Pin: input pulse for cadence detection
   pinMode(logpin,   INPUT_PULLUP) ;   // Digital input to save data-log file
   pinMode(SSpin,          OUTPUT) ;   // Slave Select pin for SPI communication
   pinMode(LED_BUILTIN,    OUTPUT) ;    
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN,  LOW) ;   //   turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW (I don't like it blinking... :-) )
   attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(2),Spd_calc,FALLING);

// Initiate   LCD display, Serial comm. and SD Card comm.:
  lcd.begin(16, 2);                   //   16 characters; 2 lines
  Serial.begin (9600);

  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
   lcd.print("SD INITIALIZE...");
  delay(2000);

  if (!SD.begin(SSpin))   {
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
    lcd.print("SD INIT. FAILED ");
    delay(5000);
     return;
  }
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(" SD INIT. DONE  ");
   delay(2000);
    
// Open file "Trainer.log" to save data:  
  myFile   = SD.open("Trainer.log", FILE_WRITE);    // Open the file

  if(myFile)   {                                    // if the file oens, display an "OK" message:
     lcd.setCursor(0,0);
    lcd.print("   FILE OPEN:   ");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
     lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
    delay(2000);
    lcd.clear();
   }
  else {                                          // if the file didn't open,   display an error message:
    lcd.setCursor(0,0);
    lcd.print("  FILE ERROR:    ");
    lcd.setCursor(0,1);
    lcd.print("  TRAINER.LOG   ");
    delay(5000);
     lcd.clear();
  }

// Print the header in the data-log file:
  myFile.println("Min"   + String("\	") + "Speed" + String("\	") + "Cadence" + String("\	")   + "Av_Speed" 
                 + String("\	") + "Av_Cadence" + String("\	")   + "Distance" + String("\	") + "Pedals");
  
  for (int i=0; i<3; i++)   {        // Initial display on LCD
    lcd.setCursor(4,0);
    lcd.print("CIMANES");                                    
    lcd.setCursor(1,1);
    lcd.print("START   TRAINING");
    delay(800);
    lcd.clear();
    delay(200);
  } 
}

void   loop() {
// Enable line #153 [t = millis();] to maintain LCD and print alive   while Speed = 0;
// Disable line #153 [t = millis();] to freeze print and LCD   while Speed = 0;
  t = millis();                                           //   Time ellapsed since start
  if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and t - tcad > DTcadmin)    Cad_calc();   // Cadence calculation upon cadence pulse
  if (t - tprint >   DTprint)           Print()   ;   // Check timer for "print" refresh
  if (t   - tdisp1 > DTdisp1)           Disp()    ;   // Check timer for LD refresh
  if   (t - tlog   > DTlog  )           Log()     ;   // Check timer for data-logger.
   if (!digitalRead(logpin)) {
    myFile.close();
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.setCursor(2,0);
     lcd.print("FILE SAVED");
    delay(2000);
    lcd.clear();
  }  
}

void   Spd_calc() {                                 
  t = millis();                                                 //   Refresh time
//  if ((t - tspd) > DTspdmin) {      // Filter needed????   ****************
     Speed = (wheel) * 3600 / (t -  tspd);                       // Calculate the   raw speed (wheel(209 cm)  * 3.6 = 752.4)
    Speed = constrain(Speed, Speed0   - Dspd, Speed0 + Dspd);     // Constrain speed incremental

    if (t - tspd   < DTspd)   t_s = t_s + (t - tspd);             // Increase time counter for average   speed
    Speed0 = Speed;                                             // Refresh   Speed reference for filter
    tspd = t;                                                   //   Refresh time reference for Speed calculation
    Turn++;                                                     //   Increase number of wheel turns
}

void Cad_calc() {
    t = millis();                                                       // Refresh time
    if   (Cadence0 < 65) Dcad = 15;
    else Dcad = 4;
    Pedal++;                                                           //   Increment pedals upon cadence pulse
    Cadence = byte((Pedal - Pedal0) * 60000   / (t - tcad));             // Calculate the raw cadence (include the "lost" pedals)
     Cadence = constrain(Cadence, max(0, Cadence0 - Dcad), Cadence0 + Dcad);
     
    if(t - tcad < DTcad) t_c = t_c + (t - tcad);                       //   Increase time counter for average cadence  
    tcad = t;                                                          //   Refresh cadence signal timer
    Pedal0 = Pedal;                                                    //   Refresh Pedal reference
    Cadence0 = Cadence;                                                //   Refresh Cadence reference for filter       
}

void Print() {
// Force   Speed and cadence to "0" when no pulses are detected for the pre-selected time   delay:
  if (t - tspd > DTspd) Speed   = 0;
  if (t - tcad > DTcad) Cadence   = 0;
  
// Calculate Timers and average values
   flMin = float(t_s) /   60000;                  // Time (floating minutes) in movement (speed >0)
   Min   = flMin       ;                          // Time (minutes) in movement (speed >   0)
   Sec = 60 * (flMin - Min);                    // Time (seconds) in movement   (speed > 0)
   Dist  = Turn * wheel   / 1000 ;              // Distance (km)
   if (Dist < 0,1) Avspd = 0;
  else Avspd = Dist * 3600000 / t_s  ;              //   Average speed (km/h)
   if (t_c < 5000) Avcad = Cadence; 
   else Avcad =   byte(Pedal * 60000 / t_c)  ;    // Average cadence (pedals / min)

   Serial.print("S:");
    Serial.print(Speed,1);
   Serial.print(" C:");
   Serial.println(Cadence);
//    Additional available plots (can be added to the previous command:
//   Serial.print("   AS:");
//   Serial.print(Avspd);
//   Serial.print(" D:");
//   Serial.print(Dist);
//    Serial.print(" T:");
//   Serial.print(Turn);
//   Serial.print(" T:");
//    Serial.print(flMin,1);
//   Serial.print(" P:");
//   Serial.print(Pedal/100);
//    Serial.print(" AC:"); 
//   Serial.print(Avcad);
//   Serial.print("   t:");
//   Serial.println(t);   

tprint = t;
   if (!digitalRead(cadpin)   and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
}

void Disp() {
// Check if   the "shift screen" pushbutton is pressed (digital input pint 7)

   if (t   - tdisp2 > DTdisp2) {
     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
     lcd.print("AS       T    :  ");
     lcd.setCursor(3, 0);
     lcd.print(Avspd, 1);
     lcd.setCursor(11,   0);
     lcd.print(Min);
     lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
     lcd.print(Sec);
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
     lcd.print("AC   P     D    ");
     lcd.setCursor(2,   1);
     lcd.print(Avcad);
     lcd.setCursor(6, 1);
     lcd.print(Pedal);
      lcd.setCursor(12, 1);
     lcd.print(Dist,1);
     tdisp1 = t;
     tdisp2   = t;
   }
      
   else    {
     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
     lcd.print("                 ");
     lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
     lcd.print("S       T    :   ");
     lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
     lcd.print("                ");
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
     lcd.print("D       C       ");
     lcd.setCursor(2,   0);
     lcd.print(Speed, 1);
     lcd.setCursor(10, 0);
     lcd.print(Min);
      lcd.setCursor(13,0);
     lcd.print(Sec);
     lcd.setCursor(2, 1);
      lcd.print(Dist,1);
     lcd.setCursor(10, 1);
     lcd.print(Cadence);
      tdisp1 = t;
   }
   if (!digitalRead(cadpin) and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))   Pedal++;   
}

void Log() {
  myFile.print(flMin);
  myFile.print("\	");
   myFile.print(Speed,1);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Cadence);
   myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Avspd);
  myFile.print("\	");
   myFile.print(Avcad);
  myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.print(Dist);
   myFile.print("\	");
  myFile.println(Pedal);
  tlog = t;
  if (!digitalRead(cadpin)   and (t - tcad > DTcadmin))  Pedal++;   
}

Downloadable files

Fritzing project with schematics

Trainer_schematic

Connections between arduino, sensors, LCD display and SD card

Trainer_schematic

Fritzing project with schematics

Documentation

Trainer V 5.0

Latest revision (including optional Arduino / Wemos D1 mini and additional options)

Trainer V 5.0

Latest revision (including optional Arduino / Wemos D1 mini and additional options)

Trainer V 5.0

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