Traffic light

My 3 years old son is a fan of the traffic lights, and I decided to create a simulator for him.

Feb 20, 2022

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traffic

Components and supplies

4xAA battery holder

Switch Actuator, APEM A01 series Illuminated Push-Button Switches

5 mm LED: Red

DC/DC Charge Pump Adjustable Voltage Regulator, 2.7V to 5.5V in

Arduino Nano R3

5 mm LED: Yellow

5 mm LED: Green

Project description

Code

Traffic Light code

arduino

1//Setup the PINs on board
2int LED_RED = 4;
3int LED_YELLOW = 5;
4int  LED_GREEN = 6;
5int LED_BUTTON = 7;
6int BUTTON = 8;
7int BUZZER = 9;
8
9//Declaring  general variables
10long now = 0;                             //General actual  time
11long lastAction = 0;                      //Last action on the actual block
12long  lastBeep = 0;                        //Checks the initial sequence's blinking periods
13long  buttonTimer = 0;                     //Checks how much time spent since the button  had been pushed (hold time)
14long longPressTime = 400;                 //Setup  the required time of the long press (sequence start)
15
16int Program = 0;                          //Program  number
17int NewProgram = 0;                       //Button pushed, the new program  is initiated 
18int BeginTrigger = 0;                     //Enable or disable the  initial sequence (blinking button and buzzer)
19int buttonstate = 0;                      //Stores  the button state (pushed or released)
20int Program1Active = 0;                   //Stores  if Program 1 is active         
21int Program2Active = 0;                   //Stores  if Program 2 is active
22int BuzzerAuth = 1;                       //Enable or  disable the sound during the initial sequence
23int BeepTrigger = 0;                      //Helps  to determine how many times the button flashes ( 2= 1 flash; 4= 2 flashes) 
24int  ProgCont = 0;                         //Enable or disable the main sequence (traffic  light) after the initial period
25
26boolean LEDRED_State = false;             //RED  LED's state
27boolean LEDYELLOW_State = false;          //YELLOW LED's state
28boolean  LEDGREEN_State = false;           //GREEN LED's state
29boolean LEDBUTTON_State  = false;          //BUTTON LED's state
30boolean BUZZER_State = false;             //BUZZER's  state
31boolean buttonActive = false;             //This will be 'true' if the  button had been pushed and 'false' if it had been released
32boolean longPressActive  = false;          //This will be 'true' if we reached the limit of the 'longPressTime'  which means the button is in 'HOLD'.
33
34
35//Initialize the PINs on the board
36void  setup() {
37  pinMode(LED_RED, OUTPUT);
38  pinMode(LED_YELLOW, OUTPUT);
39  pinMode(LED_GREEN,  OUTPUT);
40  pinMode(LED_BUTTON, OUTPUT);
41  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
42  pinMode(BUTTON,  INPUT);
43//  Serial.begin(9600);                   //Uncomment if need to debug
44}
45
46//Main  program 
47void loop() {
48// Check the BUTTON state
49  buttonstate = digitalRead(BUTTON);
50  if (buttonstate == HIGH) {
51      NewProgram = 1;
52    if (buttonActive ==  false) {
53      buttonActive = true;
54//      Serial.println("The button is  pressed...");       //For debug only
55//      Serial.println(Program);                          //For  debug only
56        // If Program "1" is active, let's choose Program "2",  reset the number of the initial sequence's "BeepTrigger" and stop the program  with "ProgCont". Program run will be enabled after the initial button blinking  and buzzer.
57        if (Program1Active == 1) {
58          Program = 2;
59          lastBeep = millis();
60          BeepTrigger = 0;
61          ProgCont  = 0;
62          BuzzerAuth = 1; 
63        }
64
65        // If Program "2"  is active, let's choose Program "1", reset the number of the initial sequence's  "BeepTrigger" and stop the program with "ProgCont". Program run will be enabled  after the initial button blinking and buzzer.
66        if (Program2Active == 1)  {
67          Program = 1;
68          lastBeep = millis();
69          BeepTrigger  = 0;
70          ProgCont = 0;
71          BuzzerAuth = 1;
72        }
73
74        // If Program "3" is active, let's choose Program "0", reset the number  of the initial sequence's "BeepTrigger" and stop the program with "ProgCont".  Program run will be enabled after the initial button blinking and buzzer. 
75        if  (Program == 3) {
76          Program = 0;
77          BeepTrigger = 0;
78          ProgCont  = 0;
79          BuzzerAuth = 1;
80          BeginTrigger = 0;
81        }
82      buttonTimer = millis();
83    }
84
85    // Set the longPressActive to  TRUE in case of the button is pressed longer period which is determined in 'longPressTime'.
86    if ((millis() - buttonTimer > longPressTime) && (longPressActive == false))  {
87      longPressActive = true;
88      BeginTrigger = 0;
89    } 
90    
91  } else {
92    if (buttonActive == true) {
93      if (longPressActive == true)  {
94          //Tasks during LONG PRESS of the button.
95          Program = 3;
96          longPressActive = false;
97    } else {
98        longPressActive =  false;
99        //Tasks during SHORT PRESS of the button.
100        if (Program  == 0) {
101          Program = 1;
102        }
103
104        if (Program1Active  == 1) {
105          Program = 2;
106        }
107
108        if (Program2Active  == 1) {
109          Program = 1;
110        }
111
112        if (Program == 3)  {
113          BeginTrigger = 0;
114          Program = 0;
115        }
116      }
117      buttonActive = false;             //Button released.
118    }
119   }
120
121  //Program "0" is the initial program, only the RED is lighting.
122  if (Program  == 0 && NewProgram == 1) {
123    LEDRED_State = true;
124    LEDYELLOW_State =  false;
125    LEDGREEN_State = false;
126    LEDBUTTON_State = false;
127    BUZZER_State  = false;
128    NewProgram = 0;
129  }
130
131
132  //Program "1" is the sequence  from RED to GREEN. All sequences start with one initial sound and blink of the button's  LED twice.
133  if (Program == 1 && NewProgram == 1){
134    Program2Active = 0;
135    // This is the INITIAL sequence of the program.
136    if (BeginTrigger == 0)  {
137      if (BeepTrigger < 4){                               //This is the number  of the initial sequence where "2" means 1 blinking period.
138        now = millis();
139        if (now - lastBeep > 400 * 1) {                   //This is the frequency  of the blinking.
140          lastBeep = millis();
141          BeepTrigger++;
142          if (LEDBUTTON_State == false) {
143            LEDBUTTON_State = true;
144            if (BuzzerAuth == 1) {
145              BUZZER_State = true;
146            }
147            BuzzerAuth = 0;                              //We only allow the buzzer  to operate in the first phase of the initial sequence.
148          } else {
149            LEDBUTTON_State = false;
150            BUZZER_State = false;
151          }
152          } 
153        } else {
154         BeginTrigger = 1;
155         BuzzerAuth  = 1;
156         ProgCont = 1;
157         lastAction = millis();
158        }
159       }
160    // This is the MAIN sequence of the program.  
161    if (ProgCont  == 1) {
162      LEDRED_State = true;
163      LEDYELLOW_State = true;
164      now  = millis();
165      if (now - lastAction > 4000 * 1) {
166        lastAction =  now;
167        LEDRED_State = false;
168        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
169        LEDGREEN_State  = true;
170        NewProgram = 0;
171        BeginTrigger = 0;
172        Program1Active  = 1;
173      }
174    }
175  }
176
177
178  //Program "2" is the sequence from  GREEN to RED. All sequences start with one initial sound and blink of the button's  LED twice.
179  if (Program == 2 && NewProgram == 1){
180    Program1Active = 0;
181    // This is the INITIAL sequence of the program.
182    if (BeginTrigger == 0)  {
183      if (BeepTrigger < 4){                   //This is the number of the initial  sequence where "2" means 1 blinking period.
184        now = millis();
185        if  (now - lastBeep > 400 * 1) {       //This is the frequency of the blinking.
186          lastBeep = millis();
187          BeepTrigger++;
188          if (LEDBUTTON_State  == false) {
189            LEDBUTTON_State = true;
190            if (BuzzerAuth  == 1) {
191              BUZZER_State = true;
192            }
193            BuzzerAuth  = 0;                 //We only allow the buzzer to operate in the first phase of  the initial sequence.
194          } else {
195            LEDBUTTON_State = false;
196            BUZZER_State = false;
197          }
198          } 
199        } else  {
200         BeginTrigger = 1;
201         BuzzerAuth = 1;
202         ProgCont  = 1;
203         lastAction = millis();
204        }
205       }
206    // This  is the MAIN sequence of the program. 
207    if (ProgCont == 1) {
208      LEDGREEN_State  = false;
209      LEDRED_State = false;
210      LEDYELLOW_State = true;
211      now  = millis();
212      if (now - lastAction > 4000 * 1) {
213        lastAction =  now;
214        LEDRED_State = true;
215        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
216        LEDGREEN_State  = false;
217        NewProgram = 0;
218        BeginTrigger = 0;
219        Program2Active  = 1;
220        ProgCont = 0;
221      }       
222    }
223  }
224
225  // Program  "3" is simulating the traffic light's "out of order" status. The YELLOW led  is blinking.
226  if (Program == 3){
227    if (BeginTrigger == 0) {
228        LEDRED_State  = false;
229        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
230        LEDGREEN_State = false;
231        LEDBUTTON_State = false;
232        BUZZER_State = false;
233        NewProgram  = 0;
234        BeginTrigger = 1;
235        BuzzerAuth = 1;
236        lastAction  = millis();
237    }
238    now = millis();
239    if (now - lastAction > 500 *  1) {       //This is the frequency of the blinking, where '500' means the LED is  ON/OFF in every 0,5 seconds, where 1 period will happen in 1 second.
240      lastAction  = now;
241      if (LEDYELLOW_State == false) {
242        LEDYELLOW_State = true;
243        LEDRED_State = false;
244        LEDGREEN_State = false;
245      } else  {
246        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
247        LEDRED_State = false;
248        LEDGREEN_State  = false;
249      }
250    }  
251  }
252
253    //Shows the status of the traffic  light
254    digitalWrite(LED_RED, LEDRED_State);
255    digitalWrite(LED_YELLOW,  LEDYELLOW_State);
256    digitalWrite(LED_GREEN, LEDGREEN_State);
257    digitalWrite(LED_BUTTON,  LEDBUTTON_State);
258    digitalWrite(BUZZER, BUZZER_State);
259
260}
261

//Setup the PINs on board
int LED_RED = 4;
int LED_YELLOW = 5;
int  LED_GREEN = 6;
int LED_BUTTON = 7;
int BUTTON = 8;
int BUZZER = 9;

//Declaring  general variables
long now = 0;                             //General actual  time
long lastAction = 0;                      //Last action on the actual block
long  lastBeep = 0;                        //Checks the initial sequence's blinking periods
long  buttonTimer = 0;                     //Checks how much time spent since the button  had been pushed (hold time)
long longPressTime = 400;                 //Setup  the required time of the long press (sequence start)

int Program = 0;                          //Program  number
int NewProgram = 0;                       //Button pushed, the new program  is initiated 
int BeginTrigger = 0;                     //Enable or disable the  initial sequence (blinking button and buzzer)
int buttonstate = 0;                      //Stores  the button state (pushed or released)
int Program1Active = 0;                   //Stores  if Program 1 is active         
int Program2Active = 0;                   //Stores  if Program 2 is active
int BuzzerAuth = 1;                       //Enable or  disable the sound during the initial sequence
int BeepTrigger = 0;                      //Helps  to determine how many times the button flashes ( 2= 1 flash; 4= 2 flashes) 
int  ProgCont = 0;                         //Enable or disable the main sequence (traffic  light) after the initial period

boolean LEDRED_State = false;             //RED  LED's state
boolean LEDYELLOW_State = false;          //YELLOW LED's state
boolean  LEDGREEN_State = false;           //GREEN LED's state
boolean LEDBUTTON_State  = false;          //BUTTON LED's state
boolean BUZZER_State = false;             //BUZZER's  state
boolean buttonActive = false;             //This will be 'true' if the  button had been pushed and 'false' if it had been released
boolean longPressActive  = false;          //This will be 'true' if we reached the limit of the 'longPressTime'  which means the button is in 'HOLD'.


//Initialize the PINs on the board
void  setup() {
  pinMode(LED_RED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_YELLOW, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_GREEN,  OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_BUTTON, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUTTON,  INPUT);
//  Serial.begin(9600);                   //Uncomment if need to debug
}

//Main  program 
void loop() {
// Check the BUTTON state
  buttonstate = digitalRead(BUTTON);
  if (buttonstate == HIGH) {
      NewProgram = 1;
    if (buttonActive ==  false) {
      buttonActive = true;
//      Serial.println("The button is  pressed...");       //For debug only
//      Serial.println(Program);                          //For  debug only
        // If Program "1" is active, let's choose Program "2",  reset the number of the initial sequence's "BeepTrigger" and stop the program  with "ProgCont". Program run will be enabled after the initial button blinking  and buzzer.
        if (Program1Active == 1) {
          Program = 2;
          lastBeep = millis();
          BeepTrigger = 0;
          ProgCont  = 0;
          BuzzerAuth = 1; 
        }

        // If Program "2"  is active, let's choose Program "1", reset the number of the initial sequence's  "BeepTrigger" and stop the program with "ProgCont". Program run will be enabled  after the initial button blinking and buzzer.
        if (Program2Active == 1)  {
          Program = 1;
          lastBeep = millis();
          BeepTrigger  = 0;
          ProgCont = 0;
          BuzzerAuth = 1;
        }

        // If Program "3" is active, let's choose Program "0", reset the number  of the initial sequence's "BeepTrigger" and stop the program with "ProgCont".  Program run will be enabled after the initial button blinking and buzzer. 
        if  (Program == 3) {
          Program = 0;
          BeepTrigger = 0;
          ProgCont  = 0;
          BuzzerAuth = 1;
          BeginTrigger = 0;
        }
      buttonTimer = millis();
    }

    // Set the longPressActive to  TRUE in case of the button is pressed longer period which is determined in 'longPressTime'.
    if ((millis() - buttonTimer > longPressTime) && (longPressActive == false))  {
      longPressActive = true;
      BeginTrigger = 0;
    } 
    
  } else {
    if (buttonActive == true) {
      if (longPressActive == true)  {
          //Tasks during LONG PRESS of the button.
          Program = 3;
          longPressActive = false;
    } else {
        longPressActive =  false;
        //Tasks during SHORT PRESS of the button.
        if (Program  == 0) {
          Program = 1;
        }

        if (Program1Active  == 1) {
          Program = 2;
        }

        if (Program2Active  == 1) {
          Program = 1;
        }

        if (Program == 3)  {
          BeginTrigger = 0;
          Program = 0;
        }
      }
      buttonActive = false;             //Button released.
    }
   }

  //Program "0" is the initial program, only the RED is lighting.
  if (Program  == 0 && NewProgram == 1) {
    LEDRED_State = true;
    LEDYELLOW_State =  false;
    LEDGREEN_State = false;
    LEDBUTTON_State = false;
    BUZZER_State  = false;
    NewProgram = 0;
  }


  //Program "1" is the sequence  from RED to GREEN. All sequences start with one initial sound and blink of the button's  LED twice.
  if (Program == 1 && NewProgram == 1){
    Program2Active = 0;
    // This is the INITIAL sequence of the program.
    if (BeginTrigger == 0)  {
      if (BeepTrigger < 4){                               //This is the number  of the initial sequence where "2" means 1 blinking period.
        now = millis();
        if (now - lastBeep > 400 * 1) {                   //This is the frequency  of the blinking.
          lastBeep = millis();
          BeepTrigger++;
          if (LEDBUTTON_State == false) {
            LEDBUTTON_State = true;
            if (BuzzerAuth == 1) {
              BUZZER_State = true;
            }
            BuzzerAuth = 0;                              //We only allow the buzzer  to operate in the first phase of the initial sequence.
          } else {
            LEDBUTTON_State = false;
            BUZZER_State = false;
          }
          } 
        } else {
         BeginTrigger = 1;
         BuzzerAuth  = 1;
         ProgCont = 1;
         lastAction = millis();
        }
       }
    // This is the MAIN sequence of the program.  
    if (ProgCont  == 1) {
      LEDRED_State = true;
      LEDYELLOW_State = true;
      now  = millis();
      if (now - lastAction > 4000 * 1) {
        lastAction =  now;
        LEDRED_State = false;
        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
        LEDGREEN_State  = true;
        NewProgram = 0;
        BeginTrigger = 0;
        Program1Active  = 1;
      }
    }
  }


  //Program "2" is the sequence from  GREEN to RED. All sequences start with one initial sound and blink of the button's  LED twice.
  if (Program == 2 && NewProgram == 1){
    Program1Active = 0;
    // This is the INITIAL sequence of the program.
    if (BeginTrigger == 0)  {
      if (BeepTrigger < 4){                   //This is the number of the initial  sequence where "2" means 1 blinking period.
        now = millis();
        if  (now - lastBeep > 400 * 1) {       //This is the frequency of the blinking.
          lastBeep = millis();
          BeepTrigger++;
          if (LEDBUTTON_State  == false) {
            LEDBUTTON_State = true;
            if (BuzzerAuth  == 1) {
              BUZZER_State = true;
            }
            BuzzerAuth  = 0;                 //We only allow the buzzer to operate in the first phase of  the initial sequence.
          } else {
            LEDBUTTON_State = false;
            BUZZER_State = false;
          }
          } 
        } else  {
         BeginTrigger = 1;
         BuzzerAuth = 1;
         ProgCont  = 1;
         lastAction = millis();
        }
       }
    // This  is the MAIN sequence of the program. 
    if (ProgCont == 1) {
      LEDGREEN_State  = false;
      LEDRED_State = false;
      LEDYELLOW_State = true;
      now  = millis();
      if (now - lastAction > 4000 * 1) {
        lastAction =  now;
        LEDRED_State = true;
        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
        LEDGREEN_State  = false;
        NewProgram = 0;
        BeginTrigger = 0;
        Program2Active  = 1;
        ProgCont = 0;
      }       
    }
  }

  // Program  "3" is simulating the traffic light's "out of order" status. The YELLOW led  is blinking.
  if (Program == 3){
    if (BeginTrigger == 0) {
        LEDRED_State  = false;
        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
        LEDGREEN_State = false;
        LEDBUTTON_State = false;
        BUZZER_State = false;
        NewProgram  = 0;
        BeginTrigger = 1;
        BuzzerAuth = 1;
        lastAction  = millis();
    }
    now = millis();
    if (now - lastAction > 500 *  1) {       //This is the frequency of the blinking, where '500' means the LED is  ON/OFF in every 0,5 seconds, where 1 period will happen in 1 second.
      lastAction  = now;
      if (LEDYELLOW_State == false) {
        LEDYELLOW_State = true;
        LEDRED_State = false;
        LEDGREEN_State = false;
      } else  {
        LEDYELLOW_State = false;
        LEDRED_State = false;
        LEDGREEN_State  = false;
      }
    }  
  }

    //Shows the status of the traffic  light
    digitalWrite(LED_RED, LEDRED_State);
    digitalWrite(LED_YELLOW,  LEDYELLOW_State);
    digitalWrite(LED_GREEN, LEDGREEN_State);
    digitalWrite(LED_BUTTON,  LEDBUTTON_State);
    digitalWrite(BUZZER, BUZZER_State);

}

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