I Love You Pillow with MKR WiFi 1010

Arduino MKR IoT Bundle 1010

Note: This tutorial could be outdated, please go <a href="https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/projects/i-love-you-pillow-with-mkr-wifi-1010">here</a> for a more current version.We all know that being without that special person in your life can be difficult, but what if you could send love and affection remotely over the Internet by just hugging a pillow? Now, we can't really send hugs... but what we can send is a sweet emoji through a messaging app, triggered by you giving a pillow a hug. When you hug the I Love You Pillow you will hear the sound of a heartbeat coming from the buzzer inside. Depending on the length of your hug, a different emoji will be sent from a Telegram Bot to whatever chat you choose. Stay in touch with your loved one with this huggable device! <h3 >In a Nutshell</h3>In this experiment, we will use aluminum foil to create a DIY capacitive sensor that will be used to detect hugs. In order to create our hug-sending-device we will need the following components:<ul ><li >Buzzer</li></ul><ul ><li >Aluminum foil</li></ul><ul ><li >1 resistor 5M ohm</li></ul><ul ><li >Breadboard</li></ul><ul ><li >Wires</li></ul><div id="gallery"><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/529b2cf7-10bf-4daa-870c-873b9596b728.gif /><figcaption>Hide all the electronics inside</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/52809b05-2236-4586-8036-66f8d687623e.jpg /><figcaption>Show your love with a hug!</figcaption></div><h3 >Learning Goals</h3><ul ><li >Introducing Telegram Bots</li></ul><ul ><li >Managing capacitive sensors</li></ul><ul ><li >Telegram Bots and group chats #ProTips</li></ul><ul ><li >WiFi best practices #ProTips</li></ul>Pro Tips are useful but not strictly necessary steps that add a layer of complexity to the project. <h3 >Want to Know More?</h3>This tutorial is part of a series of experiments that familiarise you with the MKR WiFi 1010 and IoT. All experiments can be built using the components contained in the MKR IoT Bundle.<ul ><li >I Love You Pillow with MKR WiFi 1010</li></ul><ul ><li ><a href="https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Arduino_Genuino/puzzlebox-with-mkr-wifi-1010-7a39c4">Puzzle Box with MKR WiFi 1010</a></li></ul><ul ><li ><a href="https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Arduino_Genuino/pavlov-s-cat-with-mkr-wifi-1010-9ea418">Pavlov's Cat with MKR WiFi 1010</a></li></ul><ul ><li ><a href="https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Arduino_Genuino/the-nerd-with-mkr-wifi-1010-462cc5">The Nerd with MKR WiFi 1010</a></li></ul><ul ><li ><a href="https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/Arduino_Genuino/plant-communicator-with-mkr-wifi-1010-efc920">Plant Communicator with MKR WiFi 1010</a></li></ul><h3 >Introducing Telegram Bots</h3><a href="https://telegram.org/">Telegram </a>is a popular messaging app for both mobile and desktop. Besides letting us chat with our friends it also allows us to create handy and powerful chat-bots!A chat-bot is nothing but a contact you can chat with, but instead a person behind it, there is a machine that replies accordingly to the code you wrote.<a href="https://github.com/CasaJasmina/TelegramBot-Library">The TelegramBot library</a> for Arduino gives us an easy way to implement the logic behind the chat-bot.<h3 >Create Your Bot</h3>Creating a bot is so easy!Just follow these few simple steps or take a look at the documentation <a href="https://core.telegram.org/bots#3-how-do-i-create-a-bot">here</a>.<div id="gallery"><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/e277c48c-fea3-4331-b629-09f17c267687.jpeg /><figcaption>Step 1 - Look for BotFather</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/cb5eaa55-0953-4c28-b800-144932ed3b9b.jpeg /><figcaption>Step 2 - type /newbot to create a Telegram Bot</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/fc8538c3-d8f1-4a94-a565-8d61d99c3728.jpeg /><figcaption>Step 3 - Type your Bot's name</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/7b185bff-33fc-4a30-a9fc-c5de7c0827d8.jpeg /><figcaption>Step 4 - Type your Bot's username</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/623702a1-54e3-4bc8-adc6-af4c1eb46b8b.jpeg /><figcaption>Step 5 - Note down your Bot's API token</figcaption></div><h3 >Set Up the Board</h3>First off make sure we have all the needed libraries. Here's the list of all the libraries we will need:<ul ><li >WiFiNINA</li></ul><ul ><li >TelegramBot</li></ul><ul ><li >ArduinoJson</li></ul><ul ><li >CapacitiveSensor </li></ul>You can easily install them following this <a href="https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Libraries">simple guide</a>.In order to use Telegram's API we first need to upload the certificates on the MKR WiFi 1010. This applies to most of online services and APIs!Upload the Firmware Updater example from the WiFiNINA library and add <a href="http://api.telegram.org/">api.telegram.org </a>to the domains. These are the steps to follow:<ul ><li >Run the IDE;</li></ul><ul ><li >Upload the sketch `Example-&gt;WiFiNINA-&gt;tools-&gt;Firmware updater`</li></ul><ul ><li >Open`WiFi101/WiFiNINA firmware updater` in tools </li></ul><ul ><li >Click on 'Add Domain`</li></ul><ul ><li >Add <a href="https://api.telegram.org/">https://api.telegram.org</a></li></ul><ul ><li >Click on 'Upload Certificates to WiFi module'</li></ul><ul ><li >Upload the your sketch `</li></ul>Let the magic happen!Open the EchoBot example from the TelegramBot library, fill in your WiFi credentials and the API token you received from the BotFather and upload!<blockquote >&gt; example &gt; TelegramBot &gt; EchoBot </blockquote>You just created a bot that echoes all your messages.<h3 >EchoBot and Emoji</h3>Emojis are everywhere! We will use them to send our love and hugs. Using the EchoBot example is an easy way to see how the bots read your emoji.<figure><img src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/33ea53f2-0bdf-40fc-aea8-db9154c0a142.png /><figcaption>Send an emoji to the Bot and see what is the encoded equivalent</figcaption></figure>Unfortunately the way the bot receives the emoji is not the same used to send them. In order to send an emoji we will need to use UNICODE characters.For instance to send an heart emoji we will use: <code >\\U00002764</code>You can see the full list of unicode emoji codes <a href="https://unicode.org/emoji/charts/full-emoji-list.html">here</a>. In order to create a bot that replies to an heart emoji with another heart emoji we will use a code like this:<pre ><code >void loop() { message m = bot.getUpdates(); // Read new messages if ( m.chat_id != 0 ) { // Check if there are some updates Serial.println(m.text); // print the message received if (m.text == &#34;u2764ufe0f&#34;) { //check if it received an heart emoji bot.sendMessage(m.chat_id, &#34;\\U00002764&#34;); // Reply to the same chat with the heart emoji } } } </code></pre>The result will be:<figure><img src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/65cb8918-138f-4ba5-8007-e064c183b367.png /><figcaption>Reply to heart emoji with another heart emoji</figcaption></figure><h3 >Capacitive Sensor</h3>Enough with Telegram, let's start building our DIY capacitive sensor!The <a href="https://github.com/PaulStoffregen/CapacitiveSensor">CapacitiveSensor </a>library turns two or more Arduino pins into a capacitive sensor, which can sense the electrical capacitance of the human body. All the sensor setup requires is a medium to high value resistor and a piece of aluminum foil. At its most sensitive, the sensor will start to sense a hand or body inches away from the sensor and through different kind of materials. We will hide our sensor inside the pillow!Upload the example sketch, connect the wires and see the result on the console:<pre ><code >#include &lt;CapacitiveSensor.h&gt; CapacitiveSensor foil = CapacitiveSensor(5, 4); // 10M resistor between pins 5 &amp; 4, pin 4 is sensor pin, add a wire and or foil void setup() { foil.set_CS_AutocaL_Millis(0xFFFFFFFF); // turn off autocalibrate Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { long start = millis(); long sensor_value = foil.capacitiveSensor(30); Serial.print(millis() - start); // check on performance in milliseconds Serial.print(&#34;\\t&#34;); // tab character for debug windown spacing Serial.print(sensor_value); // print sensor output Serial.println(&#34;\\t&#34;); // print sensor output 3 delay(500); // arbitrary delay to limit data to serial port } </code></pre>Wiring and Results<figure><img src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/4cf957bd-15b8-47f2-a7cb-71c69501a5b0.jpg /><figcaption>See values on the console</figcaption></figure>We will use <code >sensor_value</code> as a threshold to detect hugs!<h3 >The Heartbeat</h3>The longer you hug, the more heartbeats you hear. The more the heart beats the more love you send (and different emoji, as well).We will emulate the sound of a heartbeat using a buzzer and a few simple lines of code.<pre ><code >int Buzzer = 8; // Pin attached to the buzzer void setup() {} void loop() { HeartBeat(); delay(1000); } void HeartBeat() { tone(Buzzer, 31, 200); // tone(Pin, Note, Duration); delay(200); tone(Buzzer, 31, 400); delay(200); noTone(Buzzer); delay(1000); } </code></pre>For a more complex use of the buzzer and the Tone function take a look at the dropdown menu examples and look for <code >Digital &gt; ToneMelody</code><h3 >#ProTip: Chat-id and Group-chat</h3>In order to send messages, a bot needs a chat-id. The chat id is the unique identifier of a chat between someone and a bot. In order to get the bot to send messages to a specific person you first need that person to text the bot and save the chat-id of that specific chat.In this project, the bot will reply only to the very last person who text it no matter who that was.The bots are public, everyone can text a Bot!If you want to include the bot in a group chat you need to disable the privacy mode allowing the bot to read all the messages, otherwise it would only be able to detect commands that start with <code >/:</code><div id="gallery"><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/cd8164e2-79f6-4a2c-9a21-c6e68f873270.png /><figcaption>Text @BotFather with the /mybot command and select your Bot and Bot Settings</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/e1ba95d2-de11-47e5-928f-92b1fd532f1f.png /><figcaption>Select Group Privacy</figcaption><img id="gallery" src=https://projects.arduinocontent.cc/d6b08609-2165-4988-8d61-8236ead8562f.png /><figcaption>Turn off the Privacy Settings</figcaption></div><h3 >#ProTip: WiFi Best Practices</h3>WiFi can be tricky. Sometimes it just turns off for few seconds with apparently no reason at all. This could be a problem for your Arduino since most of the time we run the WiFi connection function only at the beginning of the sketch.Online services can be tricky as well, When the Arduino sends a request to a server (Telegram in this case) it waits for a reply. For hundreds of reasons a reply can fail to arrive, keeping the Arduino in an infinite loop.To make your project more stable, you can add a watchdog.A watchdog is a timer that has to be periodically updated, otherwise it will reboot the board.You can use these two libraries to add a watchdog to your project:<ul ><li ><a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SleepyDog">Adafruit SleepyDog</a></li></ul><ul ><li ><a href="https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_ASFcore">Adafruit ASF Core</a> // has to be downloaded and installed manually from Github</li></ul>The EchoBot example will then look like this:<pre ><code >#include &lt;WiFi101.h&gt; #include &lt;SPI.h&gt; #include &lt;TelegramBot.h&gt; #include &lt;Adafruit_SleepyDog.h&gt; // Initialize Wifi connection to the router char ssid[] = &#34;xxxx&#34;; // your network SSID (name) char pass[] = &#34;yyyy&#34;; // your network key // Initialize Telegram BOT const char BotToken[] = &#34;xxxx&#34;; WiFiSSLClient client; TelegramBot bot (BotToken, client); void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); while (!Serial) {} delay(3000); // attempt to connect to Wifi network: Serial.print(&#34;Connecting Wifi: &#34;); Serial.println(ssid); while (WiFi.begin(ssid, pass) != WL_CONNECTED) { Serial.print(&#34;.&#34;); delay(500); } Serial.println(&#34;&#34;); Serial.println(&#34;WiFi connected&#34;); bot.begin(); Watchdog.enable(10000); // set the timer to 10 sec } void loop() { Watchdog.reset(); // if this function is not called within 10 seconds the board will reset itself message m = bot.getUpdates(); // Read new messages if ( m.chat_id != 0 ) { // Checks if there are some updates Serial.println(m.text); bot.sendMessage(m.chat_id, m.text); // Reply to the same chat with the same text } else { Serial.println(&#34;no new message&#34;); } } </code></pre>

I Love You Pillow with MKR WiFi 1010

Open source is love, and so are hugs!